The dependable production setup is NocoDB’s official Docker Compose stack on a Linux VPS, using the single-server installer with a domain so Traefik can obtain and renew Let’s Encrypt certificates. Budget at least 2 vCPU, 2 GB RAM and 10 GB of disk for a small installation; NocoDB’s production guidance is 4 vCPU, 8 GB RAM and 50 GB or more. Keep PostgreSQL data, attachments and configuration backed up off the VPS before exposing the service to the internet.
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This guide covers the complete path: choosing a server, reviewing and running the installer, selecting between bundled and external services, configuring HTTPS, protecting secrets, backing up every data layer, restoring after a host failure, and upgrading without relying on an untested image.
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NocoDB’s official Compose deployment creates four services: nocodb, a background worker, PostgreSQL and Redis. PostgreSQL stores the database, Redis supports the application’s queues and transient data, and NocoDB’s application/attachment data is stored in Docker volumes. The generated project normally includes docker-compose.yml, docker.env, nocodb/db.json, update.sh and a letsencrypt/ directory.
Docker volumes survive container restarts and docker compose down. They do not protect you from a failed VPS, filesystem corruption, accidental deletion or a compromised host, so a volume on the same server is not a backup.
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VPS size and prerequisites
| Use case | CPU | RAM | Disk | Qualification |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Published minimum | 2 vCPU | 2 GB | 10 GB | NocoDB’s stated minimum; not a capacity guarantee |
| Published production recommendation | 4 vCPU | 8 GB | 50 GB+ | Current NocoDB guidance for production workloads |
Provision a supported Linux distribution with a public IPv4 address (and IPv6 if your users require it), administrative SSH access and Docker Engine with the Compose plugin. Leave additional disk beyond the table values for file attachments, PostgreSQL growth, backups, logs and downloaded image layers. A database with many rows, simultaneous editors or large attachments can outgrow the published baseline.
Create a DNS A (and, where applicable, AAAA) record for the hostname you will use. Wait for DNS to resolve to the VPS before requesting a certificate. For a public deployment, plan firewall rules for SSH on port 22 and web traffic on ports 80 and 443.
Choose the deployment mode
| Mode | Best for | Public endpoint | Main trade-off |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single-server installer | One public VPS with bundled PostgreSQL and Redis | Traefik on 80/443 with Let’s Encrypt | Fastest supported production path, but all services share one host |
| Quickstart | Evaluation or a short-lived test | Usually local access, commonly port 8080 | Convenient, but not a hardened public deployment |
| Custom infrastructure | Managed databases, existing proxy, custom certificates or replicas | Your nginx, Caddy, Traefik or load balancer | More control and separation, with more configuration to operate |
Single-server installer (recommended for one public VPS)
The official single-server path generates the Compose files, environment file, NocoDB configuration and certificate directory for you. When you provide a real domain, the generated stack uses Traefik and ports 80/443 for HTTPS. This is the simplest route when PostgreSQL and Redis will run on the same VPS.
Quickstart (evaluation)
The quickstart command is useful for trying NocoDB on Linux with Docker:
curl -fsSL https://install.nocodb.com/noco.sh | bash -s -- --quickIt is intended for evaluation rather than a hardened, public production service. Review the installer first instead of piping an unfamiliar script directly into a shell: download it, read it, then execute the reviewed file. The installer’s generated project is started with docker compose up -d.
Custom infrastructure
Use NocoDB’s custom-infrastructure examples when PostgreSQL is managed elsewhere, Redis is external, you already operate nginx, Caddy or Traefik, you need custom certificates, or you need multiple application replicas. NocoDB supports actively maintained PostgreSQL releases 12 and later. External services can separate database failure from application failure, but you must manage their credentials, network access, backups and service-specific costs.
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Install the Compose stack
- Prepare the host. Install Docker Engine and the Docker Compose plugin on the Linux VPS, create a working directory for the NocoDB project and confirm that your DNS name resolves to the server.
- Review the installer. Download the installer from https://install.nocodb.com/noco.sh, inspect its contents, and run the reviewed script. Select the single-server/domain mode for a public deployment. Supply the hostname and any requested credentials or secret values.
- Protect generated files. The resulting
docker.envandnocodb/db.jsoncontain connection details and secrets. Restrict them immediately:
chmod 600 docker.env nocodb/db.json- Start services. From the directory containing
docker-compose.yml, run:
docker compose up -d- Watch startup. Follow the NocoDB service log while images download and migrations run:
docker compose logs -f nocodbOpen the configured domain only after the containers report healthy startup and the certificate request has succeeded. If you use local mode or an existing proxy instead, NocoDB listens on port 8080 and your proxy is responsible for public TLS.
Preflight checks that prevent avoidable failures
Before launching, verify that the VPS clock is correct, Docker can pull images, and the project directory is on a filesystem with enough free space. Check that no unrelated service already owns ports 80 or 443. A web server installed by a hosting image, an old Caddy process or another Traefik container can prevent the generated proxy from binding successfully.
Decide whether the bundled PostgreSQL and Redis services are appropriate. They are practical for a single VPS, while managed PostgreSQL or Redis may be preferable when you need provider-level replication, monitoring or independent maintenance. In the custom setup, allow the NocoDB containers to reach the external services over a private network and keep database ports closed to the public internet.
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Record the domain, the VPS address, the Compose project directory and the location of your off-server backups. This small inventory makes a replacement-host recovery much faster than trying to reconstruct details from memory.
Put NocoDB behind HTTPS correctly
Let the installer manage Traefik and Let’s Encrypt
In domain mode, Traefik receives traffic on ports 80 and 443, requests a Let’s Encrypt certificate and redirects users to HTTPS. Port 80 must be reachable from the internet for the normal HTTP-01 certificate challenge, and the DNS record must point to this VPS. Keep the generated letsencrypt/ directory in your backup plan because it is part of the deployment state.
Use an existing reverse proxy or load balancer
Run NocoDB behind the proxy on port 8080 and terminate TLS at nginx, Caddy, Traefik or your cloud load balancer. Forward both of these headers with the original request values:
Host— the public hostname users enter.X-Forwarded-Proto—httpsfor an HTTPS request.
NocoDB uses this public URL information to build links and OAuth callbacks. Missing or incorrect headers commonly produce localhost links, redirect loops or failed OAuth callbacks. Do not expose an unprotected 8080 listener to the public internet when the proxy is intended to be the security boundary.
Choose one TLS terminator for each public address. Running the installer’s Traefik and a separate nginx process on the same 443 socket creates a port conflict. If a cloud load balancer already owns 443, use the custom-proxy arrangement and forward traffic to NocoDB’s internal or host-facing 8080 endpoint.
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The generated Compose project uses named volumes for PostgreSQL data, Redis data and NocoDB application or attachment data. Recreating a container does not erase a named volume, but changing a Compose project name, deleting volumes explicitly or rebuilding the VPS can make the data appear to have disappeared. Keep the original Compose files and volume mappings with your operational records.
Disk planning must include more than the initial 10 GB minimum. Attachments can grow faster than table data; PostgreSQL also needs working space for indexes, migrations and temporary queries. Docker retains image layers during upgrades, and logs can consume space if they are not rotated. Leave headroom and monitor filesystem usage so the database does not reach 100 percent utilization.
If attachments are configured in an S3-compatible bucket, the bucket becomes the authoritative attachment store. Protect its credentials, retention settings and access policy just as carefully as a local volume. A database dump without the corresponding attachment objects produces records that point to missing files.
Persist and back up all three kinds of data
A recoverable installation needs three separate backup sets. Test that each set can actually be read before you rely on it.
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| Data | What it contains | Backup approach |
|---|---|---|
| PostgreSQL database | Tables, users, metadata and application records | Create a logical dump with pg_dump |
| Attachments | Uploaded files in the attachments volume, or objects in your configured S3-compatible bucket | Archive the Docker volume, or back up the bucket with its object-versioning/retention policy |
| Configuration | docker-compose.yml, docker.env, nocodb/db.json and related deployment settings |
Store in a private repository or separate secret-management workflow; never publish secrets |
Create a PostgreSQL dump
For the bundled database, run this from the Compose project directory:
docker compose exec db pg_dump -U nocodb nocodb > backup-YYYYMMDD.sqlThe filename should include the actual backup date. Copy the SQL dump and the attachments archive off the VPS to storage with independent failure domains. A snapshot kept on the same host is useful for quick rollback but is not an off-server backup.
Archive the attachment volume in a way that preserves the files and their directory structure, and record which Compose volume the archive came from. If you use an S3-compatible bucket, export or document the bucket name, endpoint, credentials location and retention policy. Keep the configuration files alongside the backup metadata, but encrypt secrets and restrict access. Never commit docker.env or nocodb/db.json to a public repository.
A backup is only useful if it can be restored. Periodically create a disposable test project, load the SQL dump, restore attachments, start the services and verify that users can open tables and download files. This also exposes missing credentials, incorrect volume paths and incompatible image versions before an emergency.
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- Provision a Linux server, install Docker Engine and Compose, and point DNS at the replacement address.
- Restore the same
docker-compose.yml,docker.env,nocodb/db.jsonand proxy/TLS configuration. Applychmod 600 docker.env nocodb/db.json. - Start the project far enough to create the required volumes, then stop NocoDB and the worker before replacing application data.
- Restore the PostgreSQL dump into the PostgreSQL service. Restore the attachments archive into the corresponding volume, or reconnect the configured S3-compatible bucket.
- Restart the services with
docker compose up -dand inspectdocker compose logs -f nocodb. Verify login, tables, attachments, links and OAuth callbacks before changing DNS TTLs back to normal.
Keep the PostgreSQL major version compatible with the data directory. Raw PostgreSQL data-directory copying is only compatible within the same major version; use pg_dump and a logical restore when changing major versions.
During a cutover, keep the old VPS isolated but intact until validation succeeds. Compare record counts, open representative attachment files, test an OAuth login if you use one, and confirm that the public URL generates HTTPS links. Only then retire the original host and its volumes.
Harden the VPS before inviting users
- Allow only required firewall ports: SSH 22 and HTTP/HTTPS 80 and 443 for a public HTTPS deployment. Restrict SSH by source address where practical and use keys rather than password login.
- Set
chmod 600 docker.env nocodb/db.jsonand keep both files out of public repositories. - On SELinux systems in enforcing mode, add
:Zto affected bind mounts when SELinux denies container access. - Set every environment variable marked mandatory in NocoDB’s current reference. NocoDB notes that these values affect security, performance and core functions.
- Use strong, unique database and application secrets, and keep backups encrypted with access logging.
- Schedule updates for NocoDB, the worker, PostgreSQL and Redis rather than allowing unplanned image changes.
Do not open PostgreSQL or Redis directly to the internet. They should be reachable only from the Compose network or a private network used by your managed services. Review cloud-provider security groups as well as the Linux firewall; either layer can block certificate challenges or accidentally expose an internal port.
Upgrade without turning a release into an outage
Back up the database, attachments and configuration before every version change. Pin a specific NocoDB image tag in production instead of tracking latest; the upgrade documentation uses nocodb/nocodb:2026.06.0 as an example tag. Review release notes, test the pinned tag on a staging copy when possible, then pull and recreate the services:
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docker compose pull && docker compose up -dKeep the previous configuration and a known-good database dump until users have confirmed that the upgraded instance works. If a major PostgreSQL version is involved, perform a dump-and-restore migration rather than copying the old data directory.
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Upgrade the application and worker as a coordinated Compose project so they use compatible images and environment settings. After recreation, inspect logs for migration errors, confirm that all four services are running, and exercise login, table editing, file upload and OAuth. If the new image fails, stop before deleting volumes and use the pinned previous tag with the preserved backup.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What the VPS costs you should budget for
NocoDB publishes resource requirements, not a universal hosting price. The 2 vCPU/2 GB/10 GB figure is a minimum baseline; the 4 vCPU/8 GB/50 GB or larger recommendation gives more room for production usage. Your provider’s price will vary by location, included bandwidth, disk type, backups and IPv4 availability.
List the complete operating cost rather than comparing only the headline VPS fee: extra block storage for attachments, off-server backup storage, bandwidth, managed PostgreSQL or Redis if you choose external services, and a reverse-proxy or load-balancer service where applicable. Confirm each provider’s current pricing, region availability and backup terms before committing.
Troubleshoot the failures you are most likely to see
Containers stop during startup
Start with:
docker compose logs -f nocodbThen inspect the PostgreSQL and worker logs, confirm that the required environment variables are present, and check whether a PostgreSQL volume is mismatched or corrupt. Do not delete a volume while troubleshooting; deletion can destroy the only copy of your data.
HTTPS will not issue or renew
Check that DNS resolves to the VPS, ports 80 and 443 reach Traefik, and another process is not already bound to the certificate port:
sudo lsof -i :443If another proxy owns 443, use the custom-proxy arrangement instead of running two TLS terminators on the same address.
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Confirm whether the stack is in domain/HTTPS mode or local 8080 mode. In a proxy setup, preserve the original Host and X-Forwarded-Proto headers and configure NocoDB’s public URL consistently with the domain users access.
The service is reachable only locally
Check the VPS firewall, cloud security group and Docker port mappings. A local-mode deployment is expected to use port 8080; a domain-mode deployment should expose the proxy’s 80/443 listeners instead.
Disk fills unexpectedly
Check attachment growth, PostgreSQL usage, Docker image layers and container logs before removing anything. Delete old images only after confirming the running containers do not need them, and never remove a named volume as a space-saving shortcut until its data is backed up elsewhere.
Licensing when you self-host
Self-hosting means running NocoDB on your own server or computer rather than using NocoDB Cloud. NocoDB describes internal organizational use under its Fair Code Sustainable Use License. Offering NocoDB as a hosted or managed service to third parties may require a commercial license. Read the current license text and obtain written clarification before reselling access or packaging it as a service.
For most teams, the commercial decision is primarily infrastructure: a Linux VPS, optional managed PostgreSQL or Redis, reliable object storage and a reverse proxy for NocoDB. Evaluate those services separately and verify each partner’s current program, pricing, geography and terms.
Operational checklist
- VPS meets the 2 vCPU/2 GB/10 GB minimum, with extra disk planned for growth and backups.
- Docker Engine and Compose are installed; DNS resolves before certificate issuance.
- Single-server mode is selected for a public one-VPS deployment, or a deliberately configured external proxy is in place.
- Ports 22, 80 and 443 are limited to what the deployment needs.
docker.env,nocodb/db.json, PostgreSQL, attachments and TLS state are backed up off-server.- Secrets are private, image tags are pinned, and a restore has been rehearsed.
- Upgrade work includes a tested rollback image and a current logical PostgreSQL dump.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the minimum VPS size for NocoDB?
NocoDB lists 2 vCPU, 2 GB RAM and 10 GB disk as its minimum. Its current production recommendation is 4 vCPU, 8 GB RAM and at least 50 GB disk. Add capacity for attachments, database growth, backups, logs and Docker images.
Should I use the quickstart installer in production?
Use quickstart for evaluation. For a public single VPS, use the official single-server installer, which generates the Compose project and can configure Traefik with Let’s Encrypt.
Can I use an existing nginx or Caddy proxy?
Yes. Run NocoDB behind the proxy on port 8080, terminate TLS at the proxy, and forward the original Host and X-Forwarded-Proto headers. Incorrect values can cause localhost links, redirect loops and OAuth callback failures.
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Back up the PostgreSQL database, the attachments volume or configured S3-compatible bucket, and docker-compose.yml, docker.env and nocodb/db.json. Copy the backup off the VPS and protect secrets.
Do Docker volumes count as backups?
No. Volumes survive container restarts and docker compose down, but a same-host volume can be lost through VPS failure, corruption, deletion or compromise.
How do I migrate to a new VPS?
Install Linux, Docker and Compose; restore the same configuration; stop NocoDB and the worker; restore the PostgreSQL dump and attachments; restart services; then verify login, tables, files, links and OAuth before retiring the old host.
Can I copy PostgreSQL’s data directory during an upgrade?
Raw data-directory copying is compatible only within the same PostgreSQL major version. Use pg_dump and a logical restore when changing major versions.
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Why does HTTPS fail to issue a certificate?
Confirm DNS points to the VPS, port 80 reaches Traefik for the HTTP-01 challenge, port 443 is available, and no other process owns the required port. Check with sudo lsof -i :443 and review Compose logs.
The Bottom Line
For a single public Linux VPS, choose NocoDB’s single-server Docker Compose installer, use a real domain so Traefik can manage HTTPS, and size the host at 4 vCPU, 8 GB RAM and 50 GB or more when possible. Keep PostgreSQL, attachments, configuration and certificate state in separate off-server backups; pin image versions, protect secrets and rehearse a restore before users depend on the service.
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