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Use page.url() to read the page’s current address, convert its hostname and pathname into a safe filename, then pass the resulting path to page.screenshot(). The example below also adds a short hash of the full URL so pages with different query strings or fragments do not overwrite each other.
Save a screenshot using the current page URL
This runnable JavaScript example uses Playwright’s Chromium browser. It creates a screenshots directory, sanitizes the readable part of the address, limits its length, and adds a SHA-256 hash for distinction between URLs that share a hostname and pathname.
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import { createHash } from 'node:crypto';
import { mkdir } from 'node:fs/promises';
import path from 'node:path';
import { chromium } from 'playwright';
function filenameFromUrl(rawUrl) {
const url = new URL(rawUrl);
// Keep the readable part short and avoid path separators and punctuation.
const readable = `${url.hostname}${url.pathname}`
.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9._-]+/g, '-')
.replace(/^-+|-+$/g, '')
.slice(0, 100) || 'page';
// Hash the full URL so pages differing by query or fragment do not overwrite.
const hash = createHash('sha256').update(rawUrl).digest('hex').slice(0, 10);
return `${readable}-${hash}.png`;
}
const browser = await chromium.launch();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com/products?id=42');
const outputDir = path.resolve('screenshots');
await mkdir(outputDir, { recursive: true });
const outputPath = path.join(outputDir, filenameFromUrl(page.url()));
await page.screenshot({ path: outputPath, fullPage: true });
console.log(`Saved screenshot to ${outputPath}`);
} finally {
await browser.close();
}Install Playwright and its browser binaries before running the script. The path is resolved from the process’s current working directory; the resulting image is a full-page PNG. Remove fullPage: true to capture only the viewport. Playwright documents page.url() and the screenshot path option in its Page API.
Choose a filename policy deliberately
Readable name and safety
The hostname and pathname make the file recognizable, while replacing characters outside letters, numbers, dots, underscores, and hyphens avoids path separators and many problematic filename characters. The 100-character cap keeps the readable component bounded. URL-to-filename conversion is application logic; Playwright accepts the path but does not prescribe a naming scheme.
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Queries, fragments, and collisions
The example hashes the entire URL, including its query string and fragment, without exposing those values in the visible filename. This helps distinguish URLs such as /products?id=42 and /products?id=43. If query parameters are only tracking values and should not produce separate files, normalize the URL or hash only the parts that define the page state. That makes names more stable, but URLs treated as equivalent can then map to the same filename. A hash reduces accidental collisions; it is not a guarantee that two distinct URLs can never share a name.
Sensitive URL values
Do not put raw query strings into filenames without considering privacy: they can contain search terms, identifiers, or tokens. A hash avoids displaying those values, but the original URL may still be present in logs or other parts of your workflow. Avoid capturing or persisting sensitive page state unless your handling and storage are appropriate for it.
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Capture options and alternative output
- Viewport screenshot: call
page.screenshot({ path: outputPath })withoutfullPage. - Full page: set
fullPage: true, as in the example. Full-page capture can produce a much taller image than the viewport. - Image buffer: omit
pathandpage.screenshot()returns image data that your script can upload or process. The official screenshot guide shows the screenshot workflow.
If the screenshot will be used in a Playwright Test assertion, test.info().snapshotPath(name, { kind: 'screenshot' }) supplies a path based on the configured snapshot layout. For a custom name derived from the live page URL, generate the path yourself and pass it to page.screenshot(); a test snapshot path serves a different purpose. See the TestInfo API.
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ScreenshotNeo can return a screenshot from one GET request, without running Playwright in your project. The endpoint accepts a URL and returns an image or PDF. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request options.
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Troubleshooting
The screenshot is saved somewhere unexpected
Relative paths are resolved from the current working directory. This example uses path.resolve('screenshots') and prints the absolute output path; check that path rather than assuming the script file’s directory is the working directory.
Different pages overwrite each other
Check whether your filename function includes the URL components that distinguish the pages. The sample hashes the full URL. If you changed it to hash only the pathname, pages with different query values may intentionally share a filename.
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The filename is too long or contains awkward characters
Keep a bounded readable component and replace unsafe characters before joining it to the output directory. Do not use an unsanitized URL as a path: slashes can create unintended nested paths, and long query values can make filenames unwieldy.
The capture fails before a file is written
Confirm Playwright and the selected browser are installed, that page.goto() reaches the intended URL, and that the process can write to the output directory. The example creates the directory recursively; it cannot grant filesystem permissions the process does not have.
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The screenshot contains only part of the page
By default, the capture is the viewport. Set fullPage: true for a full-page screenshot, and ensure the page has loaded the content you expect before taking it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Playwright automatically use the page URL as the screenshot filename?
No. Read the URL and construct a path in your script, then provide it with the screenshot call’s path option.
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No. It incorporates the full URL through a hash, while the readable filename contains only the hostname and pathname.
Quick Recap
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