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How to Run a Squad Dedicated Server on Linux

A complete Linux guide to hosting Squad: requirements, 32-bit libraries, SteamCMD installation, configuration files, ports, systemd service management, updates, backups, troubleshooting and Docker.
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Yes. A Squad dedicated server runs on a 64-bit Linux host through SteamCMD; it does not require the game client or a graphical desktop. Plan for at least 4 vCPUs, 10 GB of RAM and 40 GB of free disk, install 32-bit compatibility libraries, use a separate unprivileged service account, open the required UDP/TCP ports, and run SquadGameServer under systemd. For a 100-player target, one current hosting guide recommends 16 GB of RAM, but real capacity varies with map, tick rate, mods and host contention.

This guide covers a direct SteamCMD installation, configuration, firewall and router rules, a production-style systemd unit, updates and backups, troubleshooting, and a Docker alternative. It also separates the dedicated-server procedure from the game client: the official Squad Update 9.0 FAQ (5 September 2025) says the client has no native Linux build and can run through Proton; that is a client statement, not a limitation on hosting the Linux server.

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What you need before installing

Linux host and network

Use an x86-64 (Linux x64) machine with a public, reachable network address. A virtual private server can work, as can a physical machine at home, provided the provider or router permits inbound UDP and TCP traffic. Carrier-grade NAT may block inbound IPv4 connections even when the Linux firewall and router appear correctly configured.

CPU, memory and storage

Resource Starting guidance Qualification
CPU 4 or more vCPUs Operational guidance from a current hosting guide; map, tick rate, mods and host contention change the result.
RAM 10 GB or more Use 16 GB as the cited recommendation for a 100-player server, not as a universal guarantee.
Free disk 40 GB or more Leave additional headroom for updates, logs and backups.
Architecture 64-bit Linux The server still needs 32-bit compatibility libraries for SteamCMD and its runtime.

Choose a host with consistent CPU performance rather than relying only on a high vCPU count. For a public server, also check the provider’s UDP policy, public IPv4 availability, DDoS policy, geographic location, backup controls and monthly cost. There is no independent, vendor-neutral player-capacity benchmark that turns these figures into a guaranteed player count.

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Create a dedicated account

Do not run the game process as root. Create an account used only for the server, give it ownership of the installation directory, and use that account for SteamCMD, configuration edits and the systemd service. A separate account limits the damage from a compromised server process and prevents accidental writes elsewhere on the machine.

Install 32-bit libraries

On Debian or Ubuntu, the documented package set includes screen, lib32gcc-s1, lib32stdc++6 and lib32z1. Package names differ on other distributions, so use the distribution’s multilib or 32-bit compatibility documentation and verify that all dependencies resolve before launching the server.

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sudo apt update
sudo apt install screen lib32gcc-s1 lib32stdc++6 lib32z1

If your distribution does not provide those exact names, do not copy the Debian package command blindly; install the equivalent 32-bit runtime packages for that distribution.

Install the dedicated server with SteamCMD

Choose an installation path

The examples below use /opt/squad-server. Create the directory and make the dedicated service account its owner. You can use another path, but keep the same path in SteamCMD, configuration edits and systemd.

Run the documented installation command

SteamCMD can install the server anonymously. The Squad dedicated-server AppID is 403240. The validate argument checks downloaded files, which is useful on the first install and after suspected corruption.

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steamcmd 
  +login anonymous 
  +force_install_dir /opt/squad-server 
  +app_update 403240 validate 
  +quit

Run this as the dedicated service account, or correct ownership immediately afterward. The command downloads the server files but does not configure your server identity, administrator list, rotation or RCON credentials.

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Keep an SSH session alive when installing manually

If you download SteamCMD manually or perform a long update over SSH, run it inside screen. A detached screen session continues after an SSH disconnect. Reattach later to inspect progress instead of starting a second update process.

Validate before the first launch

Do not troubleshoot ports or configuration against a partial installation. Let SteamCMD finish, run the AppID update with validate, confirm that the executable exists, and check that the service account can read and execute the files.

Configure identity, administrators and rotation

Squad’s server configuration lives below /opt/squad-server/SquadGame/ServerConfig/ (or your equivalent installation path). Back up this directory before changing it; it contains the settings that make a server recognizable and manageable.

Server.cfg

Use Server.cfg for the server name, password, public address, player limit and team settings. Keep the public address and advertised ports consistent with the address players actually use. A private password is useful while testing before you open the server publicly.

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Rcon.cfg

Rcon.cfg defines the RCON port and password. Use a long, unique password and avoid exposing RCON to the entire internet when your firewall can restrict it to an administration network or trusted addresses. The RCON port must match the launch argument and the firewall rule.

Admins.cfg

Add administrator SteamIDs to Admins.cfg, one per line. Keep a secure copy of this file outside the install directory as part of your backup routine so an update or accidental overwrite does not remove your administrative access.

LayerRotation.cfg

Put the desired map and layer rotation entries in LayerRotation.cfg. A malformed or unintended rotation can look like a launch failure when the process is actually running but cannot advance to the expected layer, so inspect the server log after changing this file.

Launch the server and map its ports

Representative launch command

A documented launch uses the game port, Steam query port and RCON port as explicit arguments:

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./SquadGameServer 
  Port=7787 
  QueryPort=27165 
  RCONPORT=21114

Run it from the server’s working directory. If you operate more than one instance on the same host, assign distinct game, query, beacon and RCON ports to every instance and give each instance its own configuration and log location.

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Ports commonly required

Port requirements can vary by server build and hosting environment. One provider’s minimum set is UDP 7787 for game traffic, UDP 27165 for Steam queries and TCP 21114 for RCON. A broader installation guide also lists UDP 7788, beacon port 15000 on both TCP and UDP, query port 27166 and possible ephemeral UDP ports above 30000.

Purpose Example port Protocol How to use the value
Game traffic 7787 UDP Match the Port= launch argument.
Additional game-related traffic 7788 UDP Open only when required by your server build or guide.
Steam query 27165 (or 27166 in the broader listing) UDP Use the value in QueryPort=; do not publish both values without confirming why.
Beacon 15000 TCP and UDP Some installations list this separately; verify it for your build.
RCON 21114 TCP Match RCONPORT= and restrict the source addresses where possible.
Ephemeral traffic Above 30000 UDP Some environments require a permitted range; confirm the exact range before opening a broad rule.

Do not treat the table as a universal firewall template. Confirm the requirements for the server build and your hosting environment, then make the same values agree in four places: launch arguments, Linux firewall, upstream security group or provider firewall, and home-router forwarding.

Host firewall and home router

On a VPS, open the selected ports in both the operating-system firewall and the provider’s network firewall or security group. At home, forward the ports from the router to the Linux machine’s fixed local address. Test from an external network; a local connection from the same LAN can succeed even when inbound internet traffic is blocked. If your ISP uses carrier-grade NAT, request a public address or use a host with one.

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Run Squad under systemd

A systemd unit starts the server at boot, restarts it after a crash and places logs in the journal. Save a unit such as /etc/systemd/system/squad.service, replacing the user and paths with your values:

[Unit]
Description=Squad dedicated server
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=squad
WorkingDirectory=/opt/squad-server
ExecStart=/opt/squad-server/SquadGameServer Port=7787 QueryPort=27165 RCONPORT=21114
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

The service account must own the working directory and have execute permission on the binary. After saving the file, reload systemd, enable the unit for boot and start it:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable squad
sudo systemctl start squad

Follow the live log with:

sudo journalctl -u squad -f

Use sudo systemctl status squad for the current state. A repeated restart usually means a bad working directory, missing 32-bit library, incorrect ownership, an invalid argument or a port collision. Stop the service before editing files that must be read only at startup, then start it again and inspect the journal for the first error rather than the final restart message.

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Updating without losing configuration

Safe update sequence

  1. Announce maintenance and stop the service: sudo systemctl stop squad.
  2. Back up /opt/squad-server/SquadGame/ServerConfig/ and any custom scripts or rotation files.
  3. Run SteamCMD as the service account with +app_update 403240 validate.
  4. Check ownership and confirm that your configuration backup is available.
  5. Start the service: sudo systemctl start squad.
  6. Watch journalctl -u squad -f, verify that the expected ports are listening, and perform an external connection test.

Never run two SteamCMD updates against the same directory while the game process is active. Keep dated backups so you can restore a known-good configuration if a change introduces a startup or rotation problem.

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Troubleshoot the common failure points

The process exits immediately

  • Check journalctl -u squad -b and run systemctl status squad.
  • Verify the binary path and WorkingDirectory.
  • Confirm the 32-bit libraries are installed for your distribution.
  • Check that the service account owns the files and can execute SquadGameServer.
  • Run SteamCMD validation, then try again.

The server is running but invisible in the browser

  • Confirm that the query port in the launch command matches the configured firewall and provider rules.
  • Check both UDP and TCP rules where the documented port list requires them.
  • Use ss to inspect listening sockets and ps to verify the expected process and arguments.
  • Test from outside the host’s network and check router forwarding or carrier-grade NAT.
ps aux | grep SquadGameServer
ss -luntp

RCON cannot connect

  • Confirm RCONPORT equals the value in Rcon.cfg.
  • Ensure TCP is allowed on that port and that an upstream firewall is not blocking it.
  • Recheck the password and restrict the rule to your administration address where possible.

A second instance will not start

Every instance needs its own game, query, beacon and RCON ports. Duplicate ports produce bind errors or make one instance unreachable. Give each instance a separate working directory or clearly separated configuration and use a separate systemd unit or template.

Docker as an alternative

Docker is a documented option for operators who already manage containers. The CM2Walki image supports host networking, persistent bind mounts, multiple instances with separate ports, optional CPU pinning and automatic game updates when the container restarts.

What to configure

  • Use host networking when following the image’s documented model; this avoids an additional container NAT layer for the game ports.
  • Bind-mount the server data and configuration so deleting or replacing a container does not delete ServerConfig.
  • Set distinct PORT, QUERYPORT, BEACONPORT and RCONPORT values for each instance.
  • Pin CPUs only when you understand the host’s available cores and want predictable allocation.
  • Back up the bind-mounted data, not merely the container definition.

Container restart behavior can trigger the image’s automatic update process, so schedule restarts deliberately and keep a maintenance window. Direct SteamCMD plus systemd is easier to audit on a conventional Linux host: files, process arguments, firewall sockets and journal logs are visible in the usual places. Docker is attractive when your team already has image, volume and compose operations.

Direct installation or Docker?

Decision point SteamCMD plus systemd Docker
Best fit Operators comfortable with a normal Linux filesystem and systemd. Operators already running containers and persistent volumes.
Updates Explicit stop, SteamCMD update and restart sequence. Image can update on container restart; schedule and monitor that behavior.
Persistence Configuration is directly under ServerConfig; standard filesystem backups. Requires persistent bind mounts or volumes and backups outside the container.
Multiple instances Separate directories, ports and units. Separate containers, mounts and port values; host networking is documented.
CPU control Use normal service or host-level controls. Optional CPU pinning is supported by the documented image.
Logs Native journalctl integration. Container logs plus your container runtime’s log retention.
Port inspection Direct process and socket inspection with ps and ss. Inspect host networking and container configuration together.

Self-hosting versus a VPS

Choose a home machine only when you can provide stable upstream bandwidth, inbound UDP, router forwarding and a public address. A VPS simplifies public reachability and often supplies snapshots, but you must verify sustained CPU performance, RAM, disk, UDP support, DDoS policy, region and backup options. Latency follows geography: place the server near the majority of players rather than assuming the cheapest region is the best experience. In either environment, the 4-vCPU, 10-GB-RAM and 40-GB-free-disk figures are starting guidance, not a promise of a particular player count.

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Operational checklist

  • Linux x64 host with 32-bit compatibility libraries.
  • Dedicated unprivileged service account and correct file ownership.
  • At least 4 vCPUs, 10 GB RAM and 40 GB free disk; 16 GB RAM is the cited 100-player recommendation.
  • SteamCMD installation of AppID 403240 with validation.
  • Backed-up Server.cfg, Rcon.cfg, Admins.cfg and LayerRotation.cfg.
  • Matching launch, firewall, provider and router port values.
  • systemd startup, restart policy and journal monitoring.
  • Documented stop-update-validate-start procedure.
  • External connectivity test and a plan for carrier-grade NAT or blocked UDP.
  • Backups stored outside the live server directory.

Linux client support is a separate question

The official Squad Update 9.0 FAQ dated 5 September 2025 states: “Squad doesn’t have a native Linux build, but can be played through Proton.” That describes the player client. It does not replace the dedicated-server installation above, which uses the Linux server files and SteamCMD AppID 403240. You can therefore host on Linux even though players may need a supported client platform or Proton setup to join.

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