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World desk6 min

How to Restore an ArchiveBox Collection from a Backup

Restore ArchiveBox from a backup by preserving the full collection directory, including its SQLite index and archived files. Check Docker mounts, ownership, legacy layouts, and snapshot access.
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Restore the complete ArchiveBox collection directory—not just an index export or the archive files—then point ArchiveBox at that directory and verify that the database and snapshots are available. In Docker, the restored host folder must be the folder mounted into the container, commonly at /data. ArchiveBox does not document one universal restore command; the exact copy and startup steps depend on your backup method, deployment, and version.

What you need to restore

An ArchiveBox collection is a directory-based unit. The project README describes the collection state as a single folder containing the SQLite database, content, configuration, and logs. The root should include index.sqlite3, ArchiveBox.conf if your collection uses it, and the archived content tree. The Docker deployment documentation also lists personas/, sonic/, and logs/ among data-folder contents. See the ArchiveBox README and official Docker deployment repository.

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Snapshot data is stored beneath the collection’s archive tree. Current releases organize snapshots under data/archive/users/; snapshot folders can contain metadata and extractor output such as HTML, screenshots, media, WARC files, and repositories. Preserve the full folder structure rather than selecting only files that look important.

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  • Do not restore only index.sqlite3: the index organizes the collection but does not contain the saved page files.
  • Do not restore only archive/: the snapshot files without the database omit the collection index and organization.
  • Do not use /tmp/archivebox as your backup: the Docker deployment documentation identifies it as runtime state, not persistent collection data.

ArchiveBox can produce HTML, JSON, or CSV index exports with archivebox list --html, archivebox list --json, or archivebox list --csv. These exports can help browse or recover index information, but they are not full collection backups. The README notes that exports are not paginated and that relative paths mean an export must remain alongside the archive folder to work correctly. See the ArchiveBox usage documentation.

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Restore the collection safely

  1. Keep the original backup unchanged. Make a working copy before starting the service or attempting a migration. ArchiveBox’s official documentation does not specify a universal consistency procedure for every backup tool and release. If you are unsure whether the database copy is consistent, keep the untouched backup and consult the instructions for the ArchiveBox version and backup method that created it.
  2. Copy the complete collection directory. Restore the collection root as a unit, including index.sqlite3, the archived content tree, and any configuration and data folders present in the backup. Check that the restored tree has the expected structure before connecting it to a live deployment.
  3. Reconnect the deployment to the restored folder. Select the restored directory in your non-Docker deployment, or update the Docker bind mount so that the restored host folder maps to the data path in the container. The current Docker example uses ./data:/data. Do not point a newly initialized empty directory at the service and treat successful startup as proof that your backup was restored: the current image initializes automatically at startup.
  4. Check file ownership and access. Confirm that the service identity can read and write the restored files. In Docker, set PUID and PGID when the mounted filesystem requires particular numeric IDs; the container entrypoint uses the collection owner’s numeric UID/GID. Consult the Docker deployment documentation for its ownership guidance.
  5. Start ArchiveBox and check the collection. The official README documents archivebox version; the Docker deployment docs document archivebox status. Use the command appropriate to your deployment, then inspect several known snapshots in the filesystem or UI and compare them with the backup’s expected contents. These checks are practical verification steps, not a prescribed official recovery checklist.
  6. Review security before opening access. Archived collections may contain private URLs, cookies, session tokens, and private page content. Check filesystem permissions, account access, and network exposure before making the recovered service available. See the ArchiveBox security overview.

Docker restore: confirm the bind mount

For Docker, the essential point is that the container sees the restored host directory at the collection data path. The current deployment example mounts ./data on the host as /data in the container. If your restored folder is elsewhere, change the host side of the volume mapping to that folder while keeping the container side consistent with your deployment.

volumes:
  - /path/to/restored-collection:/data

This is an illustrative Compose volume mapping, not a universal replacement Compose file or an ArchiveBox restore command. Adapt the host path and surrounding service configuration to your existing deployment. With docker run, the equivalent mapping uses -v /path/to/restored-collection:/data. Check the actual mount before starting: an incorrect host path can leave ArchiveBox looking at a new or empty directory.

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Moving between Docker and non-Docker

ArchiveBox states that Docker and non-Docker installations can share a data-directory format, so a collection can be moved between those deployment styles subject to version compatibility and any required migrations. The differences to check are the directory selected or mounted by the deployment, numeric ownership, and whether the collection has a legacy layout.

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Restore situation What to verify
Same deployment style Restore the complete collection to the location that deployment already uses, then confirm the service can read and write it.
Docker to non-Docker or non-Docker to Docker Use the shared collection directory format, select or mount the restored root correctly, and check UID/GID access for Docker.
Older collection or version change Keep an untouched copy and check the matching release guidance for database and layout migration before opening the collection with a newer image.

Older collections and legacy snapshot paths

Current releases place snapshots under data/archive/users/. The README documents archivebox update --migrate-only for legacy timestamp directories. Before running it, identify whether the backup actually has that older layout and preserve a clean copy. Migration and database-upgrade behavior can depend on the versions involved; do not assume it is safe to open an old backup directly with the newest image without checking the instructions for the relevant release. See the ArchiveBox upgrade documentation.

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Troubleshooting a restored collection

  • The service opens an empty collection: verify the host path in the Docker volume or the data-directory setting in your non-Docker deployment. Confirm the mounted directory contains the original index.sqlite3; automatic initialization may have created a separate, empty collection in a different location.
  • Entries appear, but saved pages or media are missing: the backup may contain the database without the archive tree, or the archive tree may not be in its original relative location. Restore the complete collection directory structure.
  • ArchiveBox cannot read or update files: inspect ownership and permissions on the restored directory. For Docker, compare the numeric owner IDs with the container process and use documented PUID/PGID settings if required.
  • A legacy collection does not match the current layout: do not move files or run migration on the only copy. Confirm the layout and version-specific upgrade path first; the documented migrate-only command is for legacy timestamp directories.
  • An HTML or JSON export does not open archived pages correctly: keep the export beside the archive folder because its relative paths depend on that location. Remember that an index export is not a complete backup.
  • The database’s backup consistency is uncertain: avoid experimenting on the sole copy. Keep the original backup intact and consult guidance for the version and backup tool used to create it; the project does not document a single consistency method for all backup setups.
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