The Tool Desk
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1. Preserve a clear record of what happened
Collect the details while the conversation, account page, or transaction record is still available. Keep original files where possible, and store them securely.
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- The provider, product name, and version or settings if known.
- The date and time, including time zone.
- Your prompt or other input and the complete AI output, with surrounding context needed to understand it.
- Screenshots, exports, relevant account or transaction details, and any report confirmation.
- A concise account of the impact, such as money lost, personal data exposed, or a safety concern.
Share only what is necessary with the provider or authority. Conversations may contain sensitive information or details about other people; avoid publishing those details publicly. EU complaint guidance asks for a detailed incident description and allows supporting documents, but there is no single evidence checklist that applies to every reporting route.
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2. Describe the conduct without assuming a legal conclusion
State what the product generated or did, and separately explain the effect. Quote relevant text accurately; identify whether it was presented as fact, concerned a real person, involved money or sensitive data, or happened repeatedly. For example, describe a claim as “the product told me X, and I relied on it to do Y” rather than declaring that the company committed fraud. An authority or court—not the report itself—determines whether a law was broken.
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3. Report it to the product provider
When practical, use the product’s current in-product reporting control or official support route. OpenAI’s Trust and Transparency page says, “To report content in our products, please use the relevant in-product reporting flows as applicable.” The exact steps differ between providers, so check the current instructions for the product involved.
Explain what you want the provider to do, such as review the output, correct or remove content, secure an account, explain a decision, or escalate the issue. Keep any confirmation or reference number. A provider report can create a record and may address an issue within the service, but it is not a substitute for contacting an outside authority when the harm requires one.
4. Choose an outside reporting route that fits the harm
The right authority depends on both the conduct and where it affected you. Use this as a routing guide, not a claim that any one agency handles every AI-related problem.
| Route | Best fit | Important limits |
|---|---|---|
| Provider report or support | Content or behavior covered by the product’s own support or moderation process. | Steps vary; follow the provider’s current official instructions. |
| U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC), ReportFraud | U.S. consumer fraud or suspected deceptive commercial conduct. | Submitting information does not establish a violation or guarantee an individual investigation or remedy. |
| EU AI Act Complaint Tool | An alleged AI Act infringement involving a system within the AI Office’s competence. | The complaint is identified, not anonymous. Scope is limited; other systems may fall to national authorities. |
| EU AI Act Whistleblower Tool | A potential in-scope violation reported by someone professionally connected to a provider or deployer. | Eligibility is limited. Anonymous reporting and secure follow-up are available to eligible reporters. |
| Local consumer, privacy, or safety authority | A consumer, data-protection, or safety issue regulated in the affected location. | Find the relevant body for your country and circumstances; the FTC and AI Office are not universal destinations. |
United States: consumer fraud or deceptive commercial conduct
For a U.S. consumer issue involving suspected fraud or deceptive practices, the FTC’s ReportFraud.ftc.gov is an official reporting portal. The FTC’s AI page describes agency activity involving deceptive AI claims and chatbot issues, including advertising, safety, and data handling. A submission provides information to the agency; it does not prove a violation or promise individual relief.
European Union: suspected AI Act infringement
First check whether the suspected infringement and system fall within the AI Office’s remit. The European Commission’s AI Act Complaint Tool accepts complaints in EU official languages, requests the incident country and a detailed description, and permits supporting documents. The Commission says, “This is not an anonymous reporting channel.” With your prior consent and where appropriate, the AI Office may refer a complaint to a national market-surveillance or fundamental-rights authority.
The AI Act assigns responsibility for other systems to national competent authorities, so an issue outside the AI Office’s remit may need a national route. Enforcement powers and rules have staged application dates; the Commission’s enforcement overview says powers for specified provisions apply from 2 August 2026 and lists later dates for some rules. Check that page for the provisions and dates relevant to your case.
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European Union: whistleblowing by an eligible professional insider
The AI Act Whistleblower Tool is a narrower option for people professionally connected to an in-scope provider or deployer who report a potential legal violation. It is not the general-public complaint form. The Commission’s AI Act Service Desk explains the entry channels; the tool allows anonymous reporting with supporting documents and provides a secure inbox for follow-up.
Privacy, immediate danger, and other locations
If the issue involves misuse or exposure of personal data, look for the privacy or data-protection authority responsible for the affected location. If someone faces immediate danger, contact local emergency or safety services rather than waiting for a platform or regulator response. For readers outside the United States and European Union, identify the local consumer, privacy, safety, or digital-services regulator that handles the specific harm.
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5. Check the route before sending sensitive information
Before filing, confirm that the channel handles your type of issue and location. Consider these practical questions:
- Does the authority cover the country and conduct involved?
- Is the complaint about consumer harm, personal data, safety, or a specific AI law?
- Does the channel require your identity, or is anonymity available only under limited eligibility rules?
- Can you attach documents, and what personal information will those documents reveal?
- Is the channel for intake, possible referral, or a process that may lead to investigation? Do not assume a particular outcome.
Keep a copy of what you submitted and any confirmation. If there is immediate danger, suspected child exploitation, a data breach, or financial loss, prioritize the locally appropriate urgent or specialist service for that situation.
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