Use the DISM PowerShell cmdlets to manage Windows optional features: query the target first, then enable, disable, or disable and remove its payload files. Use -Online for the running Windows installation and -Path for a mounted offline image. Windows capabilities and Windows Server roles are different servicing objects and use different cmdlets.
Check the target and identify the exact feature name
Open PowerShell with permissions appropriate to service the target. Query the running Windows installation with:
Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -OnlineTo inspect one feature, supply its exact name:
Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName <FeatureName>For a mounted offline Windows image, query by mount path instead:
Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Path <MountPath>Use the feature name returned by the query, not a guessed display label. Microsoft documents Get-WindowsOptionalFeature for both running systems and mounted images.
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Enable or restore an optional feature
On the running Windows installation
Run:
Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName <FeatureName>If the feature requires parent features and you want DISM to enable them too, add -All:
Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName <FeatureName> -AllIn a mounted offline image
Replace -Online with -Path <MountPath>:
Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Path <MountPath> -FeatureName <FeatureName>When feature files are unavailable locally
If the payload is missing or was removed, use -Source <path> to identify source files. Add -LimitAccess if Windows Update must not be used as a source. Confirm that the source matches the image and that policy allows the intended source behavior. Microsoft documents these parameters in its Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature reference.
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Disable a feature, or remove its payload files too
Disable and keep the payload
To turn off an optional feature while retaining its payload files, run:
Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName <FeatureName>Disable and remove the payload
To also remove the feature’s payload files, add -Remove:
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Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName <FeatureName> -RemoveUse -Path <MountPath> instead of -Online when targeting a mounted image. Microsoft says -Remove removes the feature files but not the manifest. The feature can later be restored from a remote source, such as Windows Update or a network share, so removal can make a future enable operation dependent on access to a repair source. See Microsoft’s Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature reference.
Choose the right cmdlet family
“Windows feature” can refer to different servicing objects. These commands manage optional features; they are not interchangeable with capability or server-role commands.
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| Object | Typical cmdlet family | Important distinction |
|---|---|---|
| Windows optional feature | Get-WindowsOptionalFeature, Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature, Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature |
Use the exact optional feature name returned by the query. |
| Windows capability | Get-WindowsCapability, Add-WindowsCapability |
Capabilities use a separate cmdlet family; installation requires the full package name. |
| Windows Server role or feature | Server feature management cmdlets, such as the WindowsFeature DSC resource |
Do not assume client optional-feature cmdlets manage Server roles and features. |
Microsoft’s PowerShell module compatibility guidance gives examples distinguishing optional features from capabilities. Its WindowsOptionalFeature DSC reference distinguishes that resource from WindowsFeature, which manages Windows Server roles and features.
Running Windows versus a mounted image
The target parameter determines what gets changed: -Online means the current running operating system, while -Path points to a mounted Windows image. For example, to disable a feature in an image, use:
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Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Path <MountPath> -FeatureName <FeatureName>Verify the mount path before running a change against an offline image. Microsoft’s DISM module reference lists the module’s servicing cmdlets.
Restart and restoration considerations
The enable and disable cmdlets document -NoRestart, which can suppress an automatic restart when appropriate so an administrator can schedule one. Restart requirements depend on the feature and system state; the parameter does not mean a restart will never be needed. After using -Remove, confirm that Windows Update or the intended network-share source is available before relying on later restoration.
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