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How to Install and Configure Zenoss on a VPS

A release-aware guide to Zenoss on a VPS: supported Linux versions, storage allocations, validator commands, Docker 20.10.17, image staging, topology, and troubleshooting.
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To install Zenoss on a VPS, provision a 64-bit x86_64 server with a supported RHEL-compatible operating system, create the separate filesystems required by Control Center, run the official host validator, install Docker CE 20.10.17, and stage the authenticated Zenoss image archives and RPMs for your exact release. Then follow the Control Center order: verify hosts, install the repository mirror, load images, install the master and any delegates, configure ZooKeeper for a multi-host design, and deploy the services.

The documented single-host topology is intended for testing and development. A production monitoring system should be designed as a multi-host deployment when its availability, collector scale, retention, or failure-isolation requirements justify the additional VPS instances.

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Choose the Zenoss release before creating the VPS

Zenoss documentation is release-specific. Select the exact Community Edition or Resource Manager branch first, then keep that branch’s planning, installation, configuration, administration, upgrade, and release-note documents together. The Community Edition archive contains separate documents for 6.2.x and earlier branches, and image names, RPM names, prerequisites, and deployment details can change between releases.

Get an entitlement and the matching files

Downloads are not anonymous. Zenoss directs users to delivery.zenoss.com; access requires a support-portal account or a support request. Do not download an image from a different branch simply because its filename looks similar. A repository mirror, service-definition RPM, and image archive must belong to the same release.

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For Zenoss Core 6.2.1, the installation guide names these artifacts:

  • install-zenoss-hbase-24.0.8.run
  • install-zenoss-opentsdb-24.0.8.run
  • install-zenoss-core_6.2-1_1.run
  • zenoss-core-service-6.2.1-1.noarch.rpm

Resource Manager releases use different, release-specific image names. Treat the four filenames above as an example for Core 6.2.1, not as a universal download set.

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Use a supported VPS operating system

Current Control Center prerequisites list these host combinations:

Distribution Supported release Important condition
CentOS 7.9 Every host in one deployment must use the identical distribution, release, and kernel. Set the locale to en_US.UTF-8.
AlmaLinux 8.10 or 9.4
Rocky Linux 8.10 or 9.4
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.9, 8.10, or 9.4
Other distributions Not listed as supported
Architecture 64-bit x86_64

Choose a VPS image from that list rather than assuming that any current Linux image will work. In a multi-host installation, mixing, for example, RHEL 8.10 and Rocky 8.10 is not equivalent to using identical hosts; the documentation requires the same distribution, release, and kernel on every host.

Set the locale and time before installation

Configure en_US.UTF-8 on every host and synchronize clocks with NTP or chrony. Consistent time is important for service coordination, certificates, logs, and any multi-host control-plane work. Confirm that DNS can resolve every host’s intended name and that the VPS provider is not silently changing the hostname or resolver configuration during reprovisioning.

Plan the VPS storage layout

The prerequisite figures below are minimum planning values for a master host. They are separate filesystems or storage allocations, not one undifferentiated disk figure:

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Mount or allocation Minimum What it covers
/ 30 GB Operating system and base packages
Swap 16 GB Required swap allocation
/tmp 16 GB Temporary installation and runtime work
Docker data 50 GB Container images and Docker-managed data
/opt/serviced/var/isvcs 50 GB Internal services data
Application data 200 GB Zenoss application data
Application backups 150 GB Backup storage

These are documented minimums for the master role. Device count, event volume, metric retention, image-cache growth, upgrade staging, and backup retention can require more capacity. Put the allocations on storage with predictable I/O and monitor free space; a VPS that satisfies the numbers on day one can still run out of room after several retention cycles.

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CPU and memory sizing

The prerequisite material requires the validator to inspect CPU and memory, but it does not establish one universal numeric CPU or RAM minimum in the information available here. Do not substitute a provider’s generic “monitoring” size for the validator result. Choose a plan with enough headroom for the master services, Docker workloads, collectors, databases, and your expected device inventory, then let the role-specific validation report determine whether the host passes.

Decide between single-host and multi-host deployment

The topology affects cost, failure isolation, storage separation, and operations more than the installation commands do.

Decision axis Single host Multi-host
Documented use Testing and development only Production-oriented design when availability or scale requires it
Failure isolation One VPS failure can stop the entire stack Masters, delegates, and collectors can be separated across hosts
Collector and device scale Bound by one host’s CPU, memory, storage, and network Additional delegates or collectors provide placement options
Storage All required master allocations share one VPS Master and worker roles can have separate storage plans
Network policy Simpler east-west traffic pattern Requires planned host-to-host reachability and firewall rules
Operations Fewer machines, simpler lab setup More installation, coordination, and lifecycle work

“Single-host deployments are recommended for testing and development use only.”

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— Virtana Service Observability, single-host deployment documentation

Use the single-host role when you are learning the product, validating integrations, or building a disposable development environment. For production, evaluate delegates or collectors and the ZooKeeper arrangement described by the multi-host procedures rather than treating a larger single VPS as an automatic substitute.

Prepare the VPS before running Zenoss installers

Confirm administrative access and identity

  • Use a 64-bit x86_64 VPS with root or equivalent administrative access.
  • Apply the supported distribution release and kernel consistently across all planned hosts.
  • Set the system locale to en_US.UTF-8.
  • Give each host a stable hostname and forward/reverse DNS appropriate to your network.
  • Synchronize time with NTP or chrony.
  • Allocate and mount the independent storage areas before validation.

Plan firewall and network ranges

Allow the host-to-host and service traffic specified in the installation guide for your release, while keeping management access restricted to your administration network. Check the Docker bridge subnet before starting the service: if it overlaps the VPS provider’s network, the host network, or a monitored private network, choose a non-conflicting bridge range and configure Docker’s bip and DNS settings as described by the installation documentation. A bridge collision can make containers appear healthy while preventing them from reaching other services or monitored devices.

Install the supporting operating-system packages

Use the package instructions for your selected distribution and release. The documented prerequisites include packages and services for NFS, DNS, time synchronization, and httpd-tools where required. Enable the relevant services before deployment and verify that the package manager has no unresolved dependencies. Do not copy package commands from a different Zenoss branch; repository names and dependency versions can change.

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Run the official host validator

Download the current zenoss-install-host-validate script for the release, copy it to the VPS, and make it executable:

chmod +x zenoss-install-host-validate

For a single-host master, run the documented verification command:

./zenoss-install-host-validate -a verify -d single -r master

If the script is installed in a directory on your PATH, the same command can be invoked without ./:

zenoss-install-host-validate -a verify -d single -r master

The verify action performs read-only checks of compute, memory, operating system, and storage resources. It does not repair a VPS or install Zenoss. For a multi-host design, run the role-appropriate master, delegate, or collector form shown in the prerequisites documentation; the role and deployment-mode options must match the host you are validating.

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Clear every validation error

  1. Read the report and classify each failure as CPU, memory, operating system, storage, or network.
  2. Correct the underlying condition: resize the VPS, fix a mount or filesystem size, align the OS and kernel, set the locale, repair DNS or NTP, or resolve a network-range conflict.
  3. Run the same role-specific command again.
  4. Continue only when the required checks pass. Save the successful output with your deployment notes so a replacement host can be compared later.

Do not treat a warning that hides a failed prerequisite as harmless. A successful installer run on an unvalidated host can leave you debugging resource or networking problems that the preflight check was designed to expose.

Install and configure Docker CE

The current master-host procedure specifies Docker CE 20.10.17. Install that version from the supported package source for your distribution, then enable and start the service:

systemctl enable --now docker

Confirm the daemon is active before loading any Zenoss image archives. If your package manager installs a different Docker release by default, pin or select 20.10.17 as required by the Zenoss procedure instead of assuming that “latest” is compatible.

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Set Docker’s temporary directory

The master-host instructions link Docker’s temporary working directory to /tmp. Apply that setting exactly as described in the release guide, and verify that /tmp is the dedicated 16 GB allocation planned earlier. A small or unexpectedly volatile temporary filesystem can interrupt image extraction and service deployment.

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Apply the systemd timeout drop-in

Add a Docker systemd drop-in with a 300-second service timeout, then reload systemd and restart Docker. A conventional drop-in has this content:

[Service]
TimeoutSec=300

After the restart, check that Docker is active and that the new timeout is loaded. The longer timeout prevents systemd from abandoning slow image or storage operations on a busy VPS.

Check the bridge subnet and DNS

Inspect the Docker network configuration before staging images. If the default bridge overlaps a VPS network or a monitored address range, configure a non-overlapping bip value and the DNS settings required by your environment. Record the selected range in the firewall and network documentation so delegates and collectors use compatible routes.

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Stage the repository, images, and service definitions

Authenticate before transferring files

Use the entitlement obtained from delivery.zenoss.com to download the files for the exact release. Transfer them to the Control Center master over an authenticated administrative channel. Keep checksums or the vendor’s integrity information with the files, and do not rename artifacts in a way that obscures their release.

Install the repository mirror

The Control Center workflow uses a repository mirror on the master. Install the mirror package specified by your release and make it available to the hosts that need Zenoss packages. The mirror and service-definition RPM must match the image set; mixing a 6.2.1 service RPM with another branch’s images is unsupported.

Load the authenticated image archives

Copy the .run image archives to the Control Center master and mark them executable:

chmod +x install-zenoss-hbase-24.0.8.run install-zenoss-opentsdb-24.0.8.run install-zenoss-core_6.2-1_1.run

Use the release guide’s image-loading procedure to import the archives into the local authenticated registry. The loader, registry credentials, and image list are release-specific; do not replace that procedure with a generic Docker load command unless the guide for your release explicitly says to do so.

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Install the service-definition RPM

For Core 6.2.1, install zenoss-core-service-6.2.1-1.noarch.rpm after the repository and image staging steps required by the guide. Resource Manager and later branches use different service-definition packages, so verify the filename before installation.

Follow the Control Center deployment sequence

The official installation index separates preparation from deployment. Keep this order so that a failure is associated with the correct layer:

  1. Verify hosts. Run the validator for the master and, in a multi-host design, each delegate or collector role.
  2. Download and stage files. Place the authenticated archives, repository packages, and service-definition RPMs on the Control Center master.
  3. Install the repository mirror. Confirm that required hosts can reach it and that the package set belongs to the selected release.
  4. Stage Docker images. Load the image archives into the local registry and verify that the expected images are available.
  5. Install the master. Apply the master installation procedure for the release, including the Docker and storage prerequisites.
  6. Install delegates or collectors. In a multi-host layout, add each role using the corresponding procedure and validated host.
  7. Configure ZooKeeper where applicable. Build the ensemble and host relationships required by the multi-host deployment instructions.
  8. Deploy Zenoss services. Use Control Center to deploy the service definitions and wait for the components to reach their healthy state before adding devices.

Single-host path

For a lab or development installation, select the single-host deployment tasks after the master is installed. All services share the master VPS and its planned storage allocations. Keep this environment separate from production monitoring if an outage of the VPS would remove both monitoring and the services being monitored.

Multi-host path

For production, follow the multi-host tasks to place delegates or collectors on their own validated hosts and configure ZooKeeper as required. Plan the network rules and DNS entries before joining hosts; adding a delegate after the fact is possible only when the host can reach the master, repository, registry, and other required services on the documented ports.

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Complete first-login and health checks

Set credentials and verify Control Center

Set the administrator credentials during the release-specific configuration procedure. Sign in to Control Center and confirm that its services, the Zenoss components, and the local registry report healthy states. A service that is merely “running” at the process level is not enough if Control Center reports a failed dependency.

Test a small device set

Add a small, representative set of devices first. Confirm name resolution, reachability, credentials, event collection, and metric flow before onboarding the full inventory. This staged test separates a Zenoss deployment problem from a device-side firewall, SNMP, WMI, or credential problem.

Validate operations

  • Check DNS resolution from the master and every collector that will monitor devices.
  • Confirm NTP or chrony remains synchronized after reboots.
  • Watch Docker, Control Center, and Zenoss service health while the first devices send data.
  • Verify that application-data and backup files are landing on the intended allocations.
  • Record the release, image filenames, RPM versions, host kernels, storage sizes, and topology.

Keep the exact release’s configuration and administration guides with those records. Port assignments, credentials, image names, and upgrade procedures vary by release, so a generic runbook is not a safe substitute.

Troubleshoot common installation failures

Symptom Likely area Corrective action
The validator reports CPU or memory failure VPS plan is undersized for the selected role Resize the host or move the role to a plan with more resources, then rerun the role-specific validator.
Storage checks fail A required filesystem is missing, too small, or mounted at the wrong path Fix the mount and allocation, including Docker data, /opt/serviced/var/isvcs, application data, and backups, then validate again.
OS or kernel mismatch appears in a multi-host check Hosts were built from different images or updated unevenly Standardize distribution, release, kernel, and locale across every host.
Containers cannot reach the VPS network Docker bridge subnet overlaps an existing route Choose a non-conflicting bip range and DNS configuration, restart Docker, and retest connectivity.
Docker stops during a slow operation The systemd service timeout is too short Confirm the drop-in contains TimeoutSec=300, reload systemd, and restart Docker.
Image loading or package installation asks for credentials Registry or repository authentication was not configured Use the authenticated entitlement, install the matching repository mirror, and repeat staging with the release’s documented procedure.
Control Center shows incompatible images or services Artifacts from different Zenoss releases were mixed Remove the mismatched set and stage the image archives and service-definition RPM belonging to one release.
A delegate or collector will not join DNS, firewall, time, or host-role preparation is incomplete Verify name resolution, clock synchronization, required service reachability, identical host prerequisites, and the role-specific validator result.
Services deploy but monitoring data is incomplete Device-side access or collector placement issue Test a small device set, check credentials and network policy from the assigned collector, and expand onboarding only after data and events are confirmed.

Production readiness checklist

  • Supported x86_64 distribution and release selected for every host.
  • Identical kernel and en_US.UTF-8 locale across the deployment.
  • NTP or chrony and DNS verified from each role.
  • Master storage allocations meet or exceed 30 GB root, 16 GB swap, 16 GB /tmp, 50 GB Docker data, 50 GB internal-services data, 200 GB application data, and 150 GB backups.
  • Validator passes for every planned role.
  • Docker CE 20.10.17 installed, enabled, and running.
  • Docker temporary-directory and 300-second systemd timeout settings applied.
  • Docker bridge subnet checked against VPS and monitored networks.
  • NFS, DNS, time-synchronization, and httpd-tools dependencies installed where the release requires them.
  • Authenticated, release-matched image archives, repository mirror, and service-definition RPM staged.
  • Multi-host firewall and ZooKeeper design documented before delegates or collectors are added.
  • Administrator credentials, service health, backup paths, and a small device test completed.

Once these checks pass, the VPS is prepared for a supportable Zenoss deployment rather than merely an installation that happened to complete. The release-specific guides remain the authority for any command, port, image, credential, or upgrade detail not listed here.

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