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How to Get a Process ID and Capture Standard Output in Windows

Use Get-Process to find an existing Windows process’s PID, or Start-Process to launch a program and capture its stdout to a file.
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Use PowerShell’s Get-Process to find the PID of a process that is already running. If you need both a PID and the program’s standard output (stdout), start it with Start-Process -PassThru and redirect stdout to a file. Windows does not provide a documented way in these Microsoft references to attach a new stdout pipe to an arbitrary process after it has started.

Find the PID of a running process in PowerShell

Windows assigns each running process a unique decimal process ID, or PID. In PowerShell, Get-Process returns process objects with an Id property. Select by name to find a process, or by ID to inspect a known process.

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Get-Process -Name notepad | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Id
Get-Process -Id 1234 | Select-Object Id, ProcessName

Replace notepad or 1234 with the process name or PID you need. To list matching processes from Command Prompt, Microsoft also documents the built-in tasklist command:

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tasklist /FI "IMAGENAME eq notepad.exe"

These commands identify a process that already exists; they do not retrieve its past or live stdout.

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Launch a program and capture its stdout

When you control how the program starts, use Start-Process with -PassThru to receive a process object, and redirect output to files. This example waits for the child to finish, then prints its PID and reads the captured stdout:

$p = Start-Process -FilePath .worker.exe `
     -ArgumentList '--json' `
     -PassThru `
     -RedirectStandardOutput .stdout.txt `
     -RedirectStandardError .stderr.txt `
     -Wait
"PID: $($p.Id)"
Get-Content .stdout.txt

Run it from a location where worker.exe is available, and change the executable path and arguments as needed. The PID is available as $p.Id; stdout is saved to stdout.txt and stderr to stderr.txt. Keeping the streams separate can help distinguish normal output from diagnostic errors. Because -Wait waits for completion, the commands after it run only once the launched process has exited.

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Choose an approach based on when you need the output

Situation Approach What it provides
The process is already running and you only need its PID Get-Process or tasklist The process ID; not stdout
You are launching the program and can save its output Start-Process -PassThru with -RedirectStandardOutput The process object, including its PID, and stdout in a file
You need stdout from a process that is already running Use an application-provided log or IPC interface, if available; otherwise arrange pipe handles when launching it Depends on the application and how it exposes output

The Microsoft documentation for Start-Process describes redirecting stdout while starting a child process. It does not establish a supported way to attach a new stdout pipe retroactively to an arbitrary running process. A PID identifies a process; it is not a handle to the process’s earlier console or output stream.

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Get a PID with native Windows APIs

In a native C or C++ program that creates a child process, call CreateProcess and read the new process identifier from PROCESS_INFORMATION.dwProcessId. The identifier remains valid only while that process exists. A process can obtain its own PID with GetCurrentProcessId(). The resulting PID can be used with APIs such as OpenProcess, subject to Windows access checks.

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For stdout capture in native code, arrange the relevant inherited pipe handles as part of process creation; do not assume that knowing a PID lets you connect to an existing process’s stdout. See Microsoft’s documentation for CreateProcessA and process handles and identifiers.

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