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What a Bedrock XUID is—and why permissions use it
XUID means Xbox User ID. Microsoft defines it as a 64-bit unsigned integer that identifies a player. Bedrock Dedicated Server uses this Xbox identity value to associate permissions with an account, rather than relying only on the player’s visible gamertag.
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A gamertag can change, be typed incorrectly, or be shared by similar-looking names. The XUID is intended to remain tied to the account. That is why a permissions entry should keep the correct XUID and the corresponding name together, and why you should avoid copying an identifier from an unrelated player.
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The supported way to discover your XUID
Microsoft’s Bedrock Dedicated Server documentation describes the allowlist workflow as the easiest way to add a user: run /allowlist add <GamerTag>. The xuid property in allowlist.json is optional when the entry is first created. When a player with the matching name connects, the server fills in that value.
This means you normally do not need a third-party lookup site or a separate numeric-ID service. The server performs the identity resolution during a real connection from the account you intend to administer.
Before you start
- You need an actual Bedrock Dedicated Server instance, running on a supported Windows or Ubuntu Linux host. This procedure is for the dedicated server, not a Java server and not an ordinary single-player world.
- You need access to the server command console or an in-game account with enough authority to run allowlist commands.
- You need filesystem access to the server directory so that you can open
allowlist.jsonand, if necessary, the permissions file. - The player must be able to connect with the same Microsoft/Xbox account represented by the gamertag you add.
- Make a backup of the JSON files before editing them. A malformed file can prevent the server from loading the intended settings.
Bedrock Dedicated Server stores configuration in files such as server.properties and allowlist.json. The exact installation path depends on whether you installed the server yourself, used a control panel, or received a managed-server file layout.
Step-by-step: get the XUID from allowlist.json
1. Start the Bedrock Dedicated Server
Launch the Bedrock Dedicated Server on Windows or Ubuntu Linux and wait until it has completed startup. If you use a service manager or hosting panel, start the server through that system and open its live console. You must issue the allowlist command to the Bedrock server process, not to an operating-system command prompt that is unrelated to the running server.
2. Add the exact gamertag to the allowlist
From the server console or an authorized in-game command context, run:
/allowlist add <GamerTag>Replace <GamerTag> with the player’s actual Bedrock gamertag. If the name contains spaces, enclose it in quotation marks:
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/allowlist add "Gamer Tag"Preserve spelling, spaces, and capitalization as the account presents them. A typo can create an entry that never resolves to the intended account.
3. Have that account connect once
Sign in with the same Microsoft/Xbox account and join the server. The official workflow says the optional xuid value is filled in when a player with the matching name connects. Joining once is therefore the step that causes the server to resolve the gamertag to its Xbox identity.
If the player cannot join, first fix the connection or allowlist problem. A failed connection does not give the server a reliable opportunity to populate the XUID.
4. Open allowlist.json
Stop the server before editing the file unless your server-management method explicitly supports safe live editing. Locate allowlist.json in the Bedrock Dedicated Server directory and make a backup copy. Open the file with a text editor that preserves plain UTF-8 text and does not add formatting characters.
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1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteFind the object whose name matches the gamertag you added. After the account has joined, the object should contain a string-valued xuid property. An allowlist entry can also include ignoresPlayerLimit, which controls whether that player bypasses the server’s player-limit setting.
A simplified entry may look like this:
{
"name": "GamerTag",
"xuid": "1234567890123456",
"ignoresPlayerLimit": false
}The number above is only a format example. Copy the complete value generated for your account; do not substitute the example or remove leading digits. Although an XUID is numerically a 64-bit unsigned integer, Bedrock’s JSON representation is a quoted string.
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5. Copy the exact XUID
Select only the value between the quotes after "xuid". Do not copy the property name, quotation marks, comma, or whitespace. Keep the value intact when transferring it to the permissions configuration.
Check that the name and xuid belong to the same account. If several players have similar names, compare the entry created by the account that actually joined. A stale or mistyped pairing can either fail to grant access or grant a role to the wrong person.
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Repair common Windows errors and clear accumulated junk for a smoother, more stable PC - no reinstall needed.Free scan · no reinstallPut the XUID in the permissions configuration
Bedrock Dedicated Server uses a permissions configuration commonly named permissions.json. The BDS how-to material describes permission entries keyed by XUID, with roles including operator, member, and visitor. The precise formatting is build-sensitive, so open the how-to file shipped with your installed server version and follow its current schema.
A typical structure is an array of objects containing an XUID and a permission level. Use the following only as a conceptual shape; confirm the property names and nesting in your build’s own file or documentation:
[
{
"permission": "operator",
"xuid": "1234567890123456"
}
]Do not assume that a schema from an older release, a community tutorial, or a different server wrapper is interchangeable with your installed build. If the shipped file uses a different order or field naming, preserve that format and change only the intended account entry.
Operator, member, and visitor roles
| Role | Use | Important consideration |
|---|---|---|
operator |
Administrative permissions for server commands and management tasks supported by the build. | Grant only to accounts that should be able to administer the server; this is broader than ordinary player access. |
member |
Normal player-level access where the server’s permission system recognizes the role. | Exact capabilities are determined by the Bedrock build and enabled features. |
visitor |
Restricted participation for accounts that should not receive normal member capabilities. | Use when you want a player present without granting ordinary gameplay permissions. |
These role names and their file representation should be checked against the how-to documentation included with your server version. The detailed mapping has changed across server tooling, and a syntactically valid JSON file can still be ignored if its schema does not match the running build.
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Reload the permissions after an external edit
If you change permissions.json while the server is running, use the permissions-reload command documented for your build. The BDS how-to instructions specifically call for reloading permissions after changing the file. If your build does not accept the reload command, stop and start the server cleanly, then verify the file was read without errors.
Use the server’s /help output or the version-matched how-to file to confirm the exact command spelling. Do not type an operating-system reload command into the Bedrock console, and do not assume a command exposed by an experimental script API is the same as the built-in permissions command.
Can you use a gamertag instead of an XUID?
For the allowlist, yes: /allowlist add <GamerTag> is the documented entry point, and the server can populate the XUID when that account joins. For permissions, do not assume that a gamertag alone is sufficient. The permissions workflow described for BDS uses XUID-keyed entries, so resolve the identifier first and place the resulting XUID in the permissions file.
Keeping the gamertag in allowlist.json remains useful because it lets you visually verify which account an entry is intended to represent. It is not a replacement for the XUID field when the permissions schema requires that identifier.
Allowlist, permissions file, and commands: what each controls
| Mechanism | Primary purpose | What it does not prove |
|---|---|---|
/allowlist add |
Adds a named account to the server’s allowlist and starts the name-to-XUID resolution workflow. | It does not automatically make the player an operator. |
allowlist.json |
Stores allowlist entries, including the matching name, resolved xuid, and optional player-limit behavior. |
An entry here does not by itself grant administrative commands. |
permissions.json |
Associates a resolved XUID with a role such as operator, member, or visitor, subject to the installed build’s schema. |
It does not replace allowlist access controls when the server is configured to require the allowlist. |
| Permissions reload | Instructs a running server to reread the permissions configuration after a file edit. | It cannot repair invalid JSON or an incorrect XUID. |
Troubleshooting when the XUID is missing
The entry has a name but no xuid
- Confirm that the account with that exact gamertag actually joined the server after you added it.
- Check for a spelling difference, extra space, or a similarly named account.
- Make sure you are looking at the active server directory, not a backup, staging folder, or a different instance.
- Stop the server cleanly, reopen the file, and check again after the connection has completed.
The player cannot connect to trigger resolution
Verify that the server is running the Bedrock Dedicated Server software, the player is using Bedrock Edition, and the account is present on the allowlist. Check the server console for authentication, network, or allowlist errors. Until the account completes a connection, the server may have no opportunity to write the XUID.
The permissions entry has no effect
- Compare the XUID in
permissions.jsoncharacter by character with the value inallowlist.json. - Confirm that the role name and object structure match the how-to documentation shipped with your server version.
- Validate commas, braces, quotation marks, and array brackets in the JSON. One missing comma can cause the server to reject the file.
- Run the documented permissions reload command, or restart the server if live reload is unavailable.
- Reconnect the player and test a permission that the assigned role is expected to provide.
The wrong player received the role
Remove or correct the erroneous entry, reload permissions, and verify the target account’s XUID by repeating the allowlist connection process. Never identify a player solely by a similar-looking gamertag when the XUID in the file can be checked directly.
Manual XUID entry versus server resolution
| Approach | Advantages | Risks and limits |
|---|---|---|
| Allowlist resolution | Uses the account’s real connection and lets the server write the XUID; no separate lookup service is required. | Requires the account to connect successfully and requires access to the server files. |
| Manual entry from another source | Can be useful if a trusted internal record already contains the correct XUID. | A copied value can belong to another account, use the wrong identifier type, or be formatted incorrectly; the server build may still require a matching allowlist entry. |
For a new administrator, server-side resolution is the safer default because it ties the identifier to the account that actually joined your instance.
Built-in administration versus experimental scripting APIs
The stable Bedrock Dedicated Server workflow uses built-in commands and JSON files. Microsoft’s scripting documentation identifies the experimental minecraft/server-admin allow-list API as dedicated-server-only and warns that experimental APIs can change or be removed. If you automate administration with scripts, check the API version and compatibility notes for the exact Bedrock server build you run.
An experimental API should not be treated as a substitute for understanding allowlist.json and permissions.json. Keep a working file backup and test automation on a non-production instance before applying it to a persistent world.
Self-hosted and managed Bedrock servers
The XUID procedure is conceptually the same on a self-hosted Windows or Ubuntu server and on a managed Bedrock server, but the controls may be presented differently. A managed host may expose a web console, file manager, or restart button instead of a local terminal. Use its console to run the allowlist command and its file manager or SFTP access to inspect the JSON files.
If a managed panel prevents direct editing, ask the provider where its Bedrock instance stores allowlist.json and permissions.json, and how it performs a permissions reload. Do not edit a template or backup file when the panel runs the server from a separate live directory.
A safe verification checklist
- Confirm the server is Bedrock Dedicated Server and note its installed version.
- Back up
allowlist.jsonandpermissions.json. - Run
/allowlist add <GamerTag>, quoting the name if it contains spaces. - Have the intended Microsoft/Xbox account join once.
- Open the active
allowlist.jsonand copy the populated string-valuedxuid. - Insert that XUID into the role entry format required by the installed build.
- Save valid JSON without changing unrelated entries.
- Run the build’s documented permissions-reload command, or restart the server cleanly.
- Reconnect the account and test the expected role while watching the server console for errors.
Frequently overlooked details
- An allowlist entry and an operator entry solve different problems. Being allowed to join does not automatically grant operator permissions.
- The XUID should be copied as a complete string. Do not convert it to a Java UUID, truncate digits, or remove quotation marks from the JSON value.
- File edits made in the wrong server directory have no effect, even when the JSON looks correct.
- Always preserve a recovery copy before changing permissions. If the server rejects the file, restore the backup, restart cleanly, and reapply one change at a time.
- Version-sensitive documentation matters most for
permissions.jsonrole mapping and reload behavior; use the how-to material shipped for the running build.
Bottom line
You do not need to guess or purchase a Bedrock XUID. Add the exact gamertag to the BDS allowlist, let that account connect, and copy the server-populated xuid from allowlist.json. Then place the value in the permissions format required by your installed server version, reload permissions, and verify the role with the same account.
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