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World desk5 min

How to Capture Mobile Website Screenshots with Puppeteer for Indian Screen Sizes

Configure Puppeteer's mobile emulation before navigation, choose profiles or custom CSS-pixel viewports carefully, and capture after the target content is ready.
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Set a mobile device profile or custom viewport before navigating, wait for the page content you need, then capture it with page.screenshot(). Puppeteer includes Android-oriented profiles such as Pixel, Galaxy, and JioPhone 2, but those profiles do not establish which screen sizes are common among Indian users. Choose test dimensions from your own audience analytics or a separately sourced device matrix.

Capture a mobile screenshot with Puppeteer

The example below uses Puppeteer’s named Pixel 2 profile. It applies the profile before navigation, waits for network activity to settle, and saves a full-page PNG. Replace the URL and readiness check to suit the site you are testing.

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import puppeteer, { KnownDevices } from 'puppeteer';

const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
try {
  const page = await browser.newPage();

  // Applies the profile's viewport and user agent.
  await page.emulate(KnownDevices['Pixel 2']);

  await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle2' });
  // Add an application-specific readiness check here if needed.
  await page.screenshot({ path: 'mobile.png', fullPage: true });
} finally {
  await browser.close();
}

Install Puppeteer in your project and run this as an ES module. The screenshot API returns image data as a Uint8Array by default; set encoding: 'base64' if you need base64 text instead. See the Page.screenshot() reference.

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Choose a device profile or custom viewport

Use a named device profile when user-agent behavior matters

page.emulate() applies both device metrics and the profile’s user agent. Apply it before page.goto(): Puppeteer cautions that some sites do not expect their size to change after load. The Page.emulate() reference documents this behavior and the available method.

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Puppeteer’s KnownDevices list includes Android-associated entries such as Pixel 2, Galaxy S5, and JioPhone 2, with portrait and landscape variants for many profiles. These are reproducible emulation targets, not a ranking of Indian handset usage or proof that any one profile represents a broad Indian audience.

Use a custom viewport for explicit test dimensions

Set dimensions and mobile-related flags directly when you need a specific test case rather than a bundled profile:

await page.setViewport({
  width: 390,
  height: 844,
  deviceScaleFactor: 1,
  isMobile: true,
  hasTouch: true,
});

await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle2' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'custom-mobile.png', fullPage: true });

The 390 × 844 values are illustrative author-selected CSS pixels, not a recommended or typical Indian screen size. Replace them with values chosen from your audience analytics or an independently sourced device matrix. Puppeteer’s Viewport interface documents width and height in CSS pixels; its defaults are a device scale factor of 1 and false for the boolean options.

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deviceScaleFactor sets device pixel ratio, isMobile controls whether the page’s meta viewport tag is taken into account, and hasTouch configures touch support. isLandscape specifies orientation. A custom viewport sets dimensions and related emulation properties; unlike a named profile, dimensions alone do not supply a device-specific user agent. Set the viewport before navigation where possible: changing mobile or touch settings can reload the page. See Page.setViewport() and Puppeteer’s screen configuration guide.

Choose meaningful screen sizes for Indian users

The Puppeteer references document emulation controls and device profiles; they do not provide an India-wide recommended viewport matrix or current handset market-share figures. Do not describe an example width or a profile from Puppeteer’s catalog as “typical in India” without separate evidence.

For an India-relevant test matrix, use your site’s analytics to identify the viewport widths and device characteristics your visitors actually use, or consult a reliable, current handset dataset. Record the source and date of the matrix so the test cases can be revisited as your audience changes. For each case, consider:

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  • Viewport width and height in CSS pixels.
  • Device pixel ratio.
  • Whether mobile meta-viewport behavior is enabled.
  • Touch support and orientation.
  • User agent, especially if the site serves different content based on it.

Use a named profile when its bundled metrics and user agent match the behavior you want to exercise. Use a custom viewport when you need explicit dimensions, but do not infer a real handset model or national audience profile from those dimensions alone.

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Wait for the page content you intend to capture

networkidle2 is one navigation wait condition, not proof that an application is visually ready. A page may fetch data, reveal content, or load lazy images after navigation resolves. Wait for the specific condition that matters to your capture—such as a target element appearing—before taking the screenshot. Then use fullPage: true when you need the full page rather than only the current viewport. A rendered screenshot records what the browser displayed; it does not by itself verify that the page is correct.

Troubleshoot common capture problems

The page looks desktop-sized or uses the wrong layout

Apply page.emulate() or page.setViewport() before page.goto(). If user-agent-dependent behavior matters, use a named profile or configure the user agent as well as the viewport; changing dimensions alone is not equivalent to applying a device profile.

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The mobile layout ignores the viewport width

Check whether mobile emulation is enabled with isMobile: true, which makes the page’s meta viewport tag count in Puppeteer’s emulation. Also confirm the site has an appropriate meta viewport declaration; a screenshot cannot repair a page that does not implement the intended responsive layout.

The screenshot is blank or missing dynamic content

Navigation completion may precede application rendering. Wait for the relevant selector or other app-specific readiness condition before calling page.screenshot(). If images load lazily, scroll or otherwise trigger their loading before capturing a full page.

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The page changes or reloads after emulation settings change

Set viewport and touch/mobile options before navigation. Puppeteer notes that changing mobile or touch settings can trigger a reload; configuring them after the page has loaded can also leave the site with a layout or state it did not expect.

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Or skip the browser setup

ScreenshotNeo can return a website screenshot through one GET request. Its clean-capture steps accept cookie or consent banners like a visitor and remove more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets; each step can be turned off. Bot checks or CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed, and response headers identify the page verdict and billing status. Its MCP server provides take_screenshot, get_page_info, and capture_pdf tools for AI agents and other MCP clients.

For a quick capture, install the requests package and set YOUR_API_KEY to your ScreenshotNeo access key:

import requests

r = requests.get(
    "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot",
    params={"access_key": "YOUR_API_KEY", "url": "https://example.com"},
    timeout=90,
)
open("shot.webp", "wb").write(r.content)

See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request options. This request uses the API’s defaults; use the documented options when you need a particular viewport or other capture settings. ScreenshotNeo includes 1,000 screenshots a month free with no card, and paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 screenshots. Sign up for the free plan.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Does Puppeteer provide an Indian phone preset?

It provides device profiles including Android-associated models such as Pixel, Galaxy, and JioPhone 2, but its documentation does not identify an India-specific preset or establish current Indian device prevalence.

Are Puppeteer’s viewport dimensions measured in physical pixels?

No. Viewport width and height are CSS pixels; device pixel ratio is configured separately with deviceScaleFactor.

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