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Use Puppeteer’s page.screenshot() method after navigating to the page. Set path to save an image file, or omit it to receive the screenshot data in memory. For a whole document, add fullPage: true; for one element, call screenshot() on its element handle.
Capture a website screenshot and save it to a file
Install Puppeteer in your TypeScript project, then launch its browser, navigate to a URL, and call page.screenshot(). This complete example writes screenshot.png in the process working directory and closes the browser even if navigation or capture fails.
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import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
async function captureWebsite(): Promise<void> {
const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png' });
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
}
captureWebsite().catch((error: unknown) => {
console.error('Screenshot failed:', error);
process.exitCode = 1;
});The core screenshot call is await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png' }). Puppeteer infers the image type from the file extension; PNG is the documented default. A relative path is resolved from the current working directory, not automatically from the TypeScript source file. See the Page.screenshot() API reference and the official screenshots guide.
Wait for the page before capturing it
page.goto() needs to reach an appropriate readiness point before the screenshot. Puppeteer’s screenshots guide demonstrates waitUntil: 'networkidle2':
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await page.goto('https://example.com', {
waitUntil: 'networkidle2',
});
await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png' });This waits for network activity to settle according to that navigation condition; it does not guarantee that every page has finished rendering. A site may update content later, load images lazily, or render after client-side work. If the expected content has a stable selector, wait for it explicitly:
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.waitForSelector('main article');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png' });Choose the wait that matches the page rather than assuming one navigation condition fits every application.
Capture the viewport, full page, a region, or one element
Full document
By default, a screenshot captures the viewport. Set fullPage: true to capture the full page instead:
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await page.screenshot({
path: 'full-page.png',
fullPage: true,
});One element
Wait for the target selector, check that Puppeteer found it, then capture the element handle. The element screenshot method scrolls the element into view if necessary. It will fail if the element is detached from the DOM before capture.
const element = await page.waitForSelector('main');
if (!element) {
throw new Error('Target element was not found');
}
await element.screenshot({ path: 'main.png' });Rectangular region
Use the clip option when you want a specific rectangle rather than the viewport, full document, or an element. Its coordinates and dimensions are documented in ScreenshotOptions.
Choose how to handle the image output
Use path when the goal is a file. Without a path, Puppeteer does not save the screenshot to disk: the method returns image bytes as a Uint8Array by default. You can also request base64 text with encoding: 'base64'.
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const imageBytes: Uint8Array = await page.screenshot();
const base64Image: string = await page.screenshot({
encoding: 'base64',
});For a file, choose an extension such as .png, .jpeg, or .webp; when a path is supplied, its extension determines the image type. The quality option applies to formats that support it and does not apply to PNG. omitBackground: true removes the default white background, but do not assume that transparency is supported by every output format. Check the ScreenshotOptions reference for the options supported by your installed Puppeteer version.
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Or skip the browser setup
If you need a screenshot through an API instead of managing Puppeteer and a browser, ScreenshotNeo accepts a URL in one request and returns an image or PDF. Its API can accept consent banners and remove more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; each cleanup step can be turned off. Bot checks and CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed, and responses indicate the page verdict and billing status. It also provides an MCP server with screenshot, page-info, and PDF tools for AI agents.
Here is a cURL request for a WebP screenshot; replace YOUR_API_KEY with your API key. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation.
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Troubleshoot common capture problems
The screenshot is blank or missing content
Check that navigation completed and that the page had time to render the content you expect. A navigation condition such as networkidle2 is a readiness choice, not a guarantee for pages that update after network activity settles. If the content has a selector, wait for it before capturing.
The target element was not found or capture fails
Confirm the selector matches the live page and wait for it with page.waitForSelector(). If the element handle becomes detached because the page replaces that part of the DOM, locate it again and capture the current handle.
No output file appears
When using path, verify the process working directory and the exact relative or absolute path. Without path, the returned bytes are in memory; write them yourself if a disk file is required.
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The image format or quality is unexpected
When writing to a path, confirm its extension because Puppeteer infers the image type from it. Use quality only for a format that supports it; it has no effect on PNG.
FAQ
Does Puppeteer save a screenshot automatically?
No. Provide path to have Puppeteer write a file; otherwise handle the returned image data in your code.
Can I capture just part of the page?
Yes. Use clip for a rectangular area or an element handle’s screenshot() method for a selected page element.
Quick Recap
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