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For a file with video and optional audio, this FFmpeg template sends 1080p60 SDR video to YouTube Live over RTMPS using H.264. Replace INPUT and STREAM_KEY with your source and the private stream key from YouTube Live Control Room. It is a starting point, not a universal tested command: input syntax, encoder availability, and suitable scaling depend on your setup.
FFmpeg command for 1080p60 YouTube Live
ffmpeg -re -i INPUT
-map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:0?
-vf "scale=1920:1080,fps=60,format=yuv420p"
-c:v libx264 -preset veryfast
-b:v 17M -maxrate 17M -bufsize 34M
-g 120 -keyint_min 120 -sc_threshold 0
-pix_fmt yuv420p
-c:a aac -b:a 128k -ar 44100 -ac 2
-f flv "rtmps://a.rtmp.youtube.com/live2/STREAM_KEY"This example assumes a file input that contains video and may contain audio. The optional audio mapping (-map 0:a:0?) lets FFmpeg continue if the input has no audio. For a camera, desktop capture, or incoming network stream, replace the input and its options with syntax appropriate to that source. FFmpeg’s command structure and RTMP output examples are documented in its FFmpeg documentation; YouTube’s live encoder settings describe ingest requirements.
What to change before running it
Input and stream key
In YouTube Live Control Room, obtain the stream URL and key for the broadcast. Use the server URL and key YouTube provides for your stream if they differ from the example destination. Treat the key like a password: do not publish it, include it in a public command, or share a screenshot that exposes it. Replace INPUT with the local file path or the correct capture input. If a path contains spaces, quote it.
Resolution and frame rate
scale=1920:1080,fps=60 makes the output 1920×1080 at 60 fps. That may resize or change the frame cadence of the source; it cannot create real detail or motion absent from the original. If the source has a different aspect ratio, forcing these dimensions can distort it. Choose a scaling or padding approach that preserves the intended appearance, and verify the result in YouTube’s preview.
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Codec, bitrate, and rate control
-c:v libx264 selects FFmpeg’s x264 H.264 encoder, if it is available in your build. The paired target and maximum bitrate flags are a CBR-style setup. YouTube recommends CBR and lists H.264 1080p60 at 6 Mbps minimum and 17 Mbps recommended. Those are ingest guidance figures, not a guarantee that your connection or computer can sustain the stream. If your upload path cannot maintain 17 Mbps with headroom, lower the target and test stream health rather than forcing a rate that causes dropped frames or interruptions.
-bufsize 34M is a practical VBV starting value in this template, not a separately stated YouTube requirement. -preset veryfast trades encoding efficiency for a lighter encoding workload; actual CPU use and quality depend on the source and machine. Confirm that libx264 is present in your installed FFmpeg build before relying on the command.
Keyframes and audio
At 60 fps, -g 120 requests a 120-frame GOP, equivalent to a two-second keyframe interval. YouTube recommends two seconds and says not to exceed four seconds. -keyint_min 120 -sc_threshold 0 helps keep keyframe spacing regular in this x264 setup.
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The example encodes stereo AAC at 128 kbps and 44.1 kHz, settings aligned with YouTube’s RTMP/RTMPS audio recommendations. If your source has no audio, the optional map prevents the mapping from failing, though the audio output options are then unused.
SDR pixel format and color
format=yuv420p and -pix_fmt yuv420p select a common compatible pixel format for this H.264 SDR setup. They do not by themselves guarantee correct color metadata or preserve how every source looks. YouTube recommends progressive scan, square pixels, Rec. 709 color, and 8-bit SDR for this path. Check that your source and any filters produce the color and aspect ratio you intend.
Start the broadcast and verify it
- Check your FFmpeg build. Confirm the chosen encoder is available; capture devices and their input flags vary by operating system and build.
- Set up the YouTube broadcast. In Live Control Room, create or select the event and copy its stream URL and key into the output destination. Keep the key private.
- Check upload capacity. Run an upload-speed test and leave practical headroom above the stream’s sustained encoded bitrate for network variation and other traffic.
- Run a representative test. Test with movement and audio similar to the actual event. Confirm YouTube detects the expected resolution and frame rate, and read its stream-health messages before the real broadcast.
- Monitor during the stream. Watch for encoder overload, dropped frames, network instability, or audio issues. YouTube transcodes live streams for different viewers, so the ingest resolution does not mean every viewer receives that exact playback format.
YouTube’s live-streaming guidance also explains latency: it is the delay between capture/encoding and playback for viewers. Lower latency can increase buffering, and this FFmpeg command cannot promise a fixed end-to-end delay. See YouTube’s live-streaming help for current setup guidance.
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When this command needs a different configuration
- Camera, desktop, or network source: change the input options for that source; the file example’s
-re -i INPUTis not a universal capture command. - Hardware encoding: FFmpeg builds and available hardware encoders differ. Select and test an encoder supported by your machine rather than assuming a particular GPU or preset is best.
- Limited upload bandwidth: reduce the bitrate to a rate your connection can sustain, then test and check YouTube’s stream health. The 17 Mbps recommendation applies to H.264 1080p60 ingest, not every codec or connection.
- HDR: this command is an SDR H.264 template. YouTube recommends H.265 over RTMP(S) for HDR, which requires a different configuration; do not treat the SDR pixel-format options here as an HDR recipe.
- Different codec: YouTube’s live ingest table lists different 1080p60 rates for AV1/H.265: 4 Mbps minimum and 12 Mbps recommended. Do not apply those figures to the H.264 example.
Troubleshooting common failures
FFmpeg says the encoder is unavailable
The installed build may not include libx264. Check the encoders available in that build and use an encoder it supports, adjusting settings for that encoder rather than assuming x264-specific options transfer unchanged.
YouTube does not connect or receive video
Check that the key is copied correctly, the stream URL is the one supplied in Live Control Room, and the event is configured to receive the stream. Do not expose the key while troubleshooting. YouTube recommends RTMPS; the example uses an RTMPS destination.
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The connection may not sustain the chosen bitrate, or the encoder may be overloaded. Reduce the target bitrate to a rate the upload path can maintain, close competing network usage where practical, and test again with the same source complexity. Confirm upload headroom rather than relying on a brief peak speed test.
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The stream has the wrong shape, frame rate, or color
Inspect the source and the filter chain. The scale filter forces 1920×1080, which may stretch a non-16:9 source; the FPS filter changes output cadence. The pixel format selection does not set all color metadata. Adjust the filters and source handling, then confirm the resulting picture in YouTube’s preview.
There is no audio or audio mapping fails
Check that the input actually contains an audio stream and that the map selects the correct track. The question mark in -map 0:a:0? only makes that particular mapping optional; it does not add audio to a silent source.
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