The Tool Desk
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What MCP does in Claude Code
The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open standard for connecting Claude Code to external tools and data. An MCP server can expose services such as issue trackers, databases, monitoring systems, design systems, messaging platforms, or workflow automation. This can save you from copying information into a chat, or let Claude Code interact with a connected service.
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A connection can expose tools that read data or take actions. Treat the server and the content it returns as inputs that need your judgment—not as automatically trustworthy instructions.
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Anthropic’s Claude Code MCP documentation, accessed October 7, 2026, describes HTTP, stdio, SSE, and WebSocket options. For remote servers, it recommends HTTP where available.
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| Transport | Connection style | When to use it |
|---|---|---|
| HTTP | Connects to a remote server endpoint. | Use for a remote server when it supports HTTP. |
| stdio | Claude Code starts a local process and communicates through standard input and output. | Use when the server runs as a command on your machine. |
| SSE | Connects to a service that exposes Server-Sent Events. | Retained for compatibility; the documentation marks it deprecated and recommends HTTP where available. |
| WebSocket | Maintains a persistent, bidirectional connection that can receive pushed events. | Use when the server requires WebSocket. Configure it through JSON or claude mcp add-json; claude mcp add --transport does not accept ws. |
Claude Code v2.1.265 and later automatically falls back from HTTP to SSE when appropriate, according to Anthropic’s documentation. Older versions can use --transport sse explicitly. The documentation says WebSocket authentication is header-only.
Add an MCP server
Remote server over HTTP
Use the HTTP transport flag followed by a name and endpoint:
claude mcp add --transport http <name> <url>
For example, Anthropic documents this Notion endpoint:
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claude mcp add --transport http notion https://mcp.notion.com/mcp
Use the endpoint and setup details supplied by the server operator. Do not assume that a server is safe or endorsed simply because it can be added this way.
Local server over stdio
For a local process, put the server command after --:
claude mcp add [options] <name> -- <command> [args...]
Claude Code reads its own options before the separator; the command and arguments after it are passed to the server. Anthropic’s example supplies an environment variable and starts a server with npx:
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claude mcp add --env AIRTABLE_API_KEY=YOUR_KEY --transport stdio airtable -- npx -y airtable-mcp-server
Replace the example credential with the value required by your service, and follow that service’s instructions for obtaining and storing it. Check that the executable, arguments, and environment variables are correct if the process does not start.
JSON configuration
You can import a server definition with claude mcp add-json. For remote entries, include the transport type. Anthropic warns that a URL without a type is interpreted as a stdio configuration and will fail.
WebSocket servers also require JSON configuration or claude mcp add-json; the standard --transport option does not accept ws.
Choose the configuration scope
Claude Code documents three scopes. Pick the narrowest one that fits who needs the connection and which credentials it uses.
| Scope | Where it applies | Typical use |
|---|---|---|
| Local | For you in the current project. | A project-specific connection or credentials you do not want to share. |
| Project | Shared through the project’s .mcp.json file. |
A server definition intended for project collaborators. |
| User | Available to you across projects. | A personal server you expect to use in multiple projects. |
Project configuration can be convenient for shared server definitions, but collaborators should review the server before approving it. Claude Code asks for approval before using servers listed in a project’s .mcp.json. To reset those project-server choices, run:
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Definitions with the same server name in different scopes can conflict. If Claude Code appears to load the wrong server, inspect the configured entry and remove duplicate definitions where necessary.
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Authenticate and verify the connection
Complete remote OAuth sign-in
For a remote server that uses OAuth, add its endpoint, then enter /mcp in Claude Code and complete the browser sign-in flow. The documented OAuth support covers HTTP and SSE. The /mcp interface also provides a control to clear authentication. Authentication depends on the server; not every service uses OAuth.
Check server status
Use the command-line checks and the in-app interface to distinguish a saved configuration from a working connection:
- Run
claude mcp listto view configured servers. - Run
claude mcp get <name>to inspect a specific server. - In Claude Code, enter
/mcpto see server status and available controls.
Documented statuses include Connected, Needs authentication, and Failed to connect. A failed status indicates a connection problem, not that the list command itself failed.
- For stdio, check the command, arguments, executable availability, and required environment variables.
- For a remote server, check the endpoint, authentication, and whether the service is available.
Inspect access and trust before using a server
Anthropic’s MCP guide says: “Verify you trust each server before connecting it.” Before approving or connecting a server, identify its operator, examine the tools it exposes, and consider what your account lets those tools access or change. Use an account and permissions suited to the task; avoid granting access beyond what is needed.
Anthropic also warns that servers fetching external content can expose users to prompt-injection risk. Content returned by a connected service may contain instructions designed to influence Claude Code. Evaluate that content in context rather than treating it as authoritative. For additional guidance, see Anthropic’s Claude Code security documentation and IAM documentation.
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