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Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsFix Now →Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →China is the world’s leading producer of natural graphite by mine output. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) estimates that China produced 1.4 million metric tons in 2025, up from 1.27 million metric tons in 2024. The 2025 figure is an estimate, and it measures natural graphite mined—not synthetic graphite, processed battery-anode material, reserves, or the output of one company.
What does “leading graphite producer” mean?
Here, “producer” means a country ranked by natural graphite mine production. That is the most useful apples-to-apples interpretation of the question because the USGS publishes comparable country output figures. It does not establish which corporation produces the most graphite worldwide.
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Natural graphite is mined from deposits. Synthetic graphite is manufactured, while spherical graphite and other processed products are further along the supply chain. Reserves measure material that may be economically recoverable, not how much is mined in a given year. These measures answer different questions and should not be substituted for mine output.
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The USGS 2026 Mineral Commodity Summaries report lists China at 1,400,000 metric tons of natural graphite mine production in 2025, an estimate. Its 2024 value is 1,270,000 metric tons. The reported increase is 130,000 metric tons, or about 10% compared with the 2024 figure; the comparison is between a 2025 estimate and a 2024 production figure.
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China’s dominance is also clear in the prior-year world-share estimates. The USGS’s 2025 summary estimated that China supplied 78% of global natural graphite production in 2024. Natural Resources Canada reported a 79.4% share for that year. Those percentages come from separate official sources and should be quoted with their respective attributions rather than treated as one interchangeable figure.
How does China compare with other producing countries?
The 2024 figures show a large gap between China and the other countries highlighted in USGS reporting:
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| Country | 2024 natural graphite mine production | 2024 world share and rank | Source and qualification |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | 1,270,000 metric tons | 78% (USGS estimate) | USGS 2026 country comparison; the share is from USGS 2025. |
| Madagascar | 85,000 metric tons | 5%, second | USGS 2026 country table and ranking. |
| Mozambique | 34,899 metric tons | 3%, fourth | USGS 2026 country report narrative and ranking. |
The national figures in this table are for 2024, not 2025. USGS reports Madagascar’s output as graphite of all grades. Country shares and ranks are reported in the USGS country material; the USGS’s 78% figure for China is an estimate in its 2025 summary.
What do the Madagascar and Mozambique figures show?
Madagascar
The USGS’s Madagascar country report records 85,000 metric tons of graphite, all grades, for 2024. It also notes that NextSource Materials completed its first commercial shipment of SuperFlake concentrate from the Molo mine that year. The shipment is a company-level event, not a measure of all Madagascar production. The same report says Tirupati Graphite placed the Sahamamy mine on care-and-maintenance after intermittent production.
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Mozambique
The USGS Mozambique country report gives 2024 production as 34,899 metric tons, down 64% from the preceding year. It attributes the decline to the shutdown of Ancuabe and interrupted operations at Balama. Ancuabe remained inactive through 2024; Balama was fully shut in December after access was blocked amid protests and election-related unrest. These details describe the historical 2024 disruption and do not establish either mine’s present operating status.
Why does graphite production matter?
Graphite is a soft, crystalline form of carbon. The USGS describes it as electrically and thermally conductive, heat resistant, chemically inert, and lubricating. These properties support uses in batteries and fuel cells, high-temperature lubricants, motor brushes, friction materials such as brake linings, powdered metals, refractory products, and steelmaking.
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Mine output is one part of the graphite supply chain. A country’s mined tonnage does not by itself show how much material is processed into battery-grade products, how much synthetic graphite is made, or how much finished material is available to a particular industry.
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Is there one leading graphite company?
The figures cited here rank countries, not companies. USGS country reports mention mine operators and shipments, but those details do not form a comparable company-wide production league table. It would therefore be unsupported to name a single corporation as the world’s leading graphite producer based on these figures.
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