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Can Researchers Submit a Preprint to More Than One Repository?

Some repositories allow preprint cross-posting, while others restrict it. Check the policies of both servers and your target journal before uploading.

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Sometimes—but permission depends on the repositories involved. SSRN says authors may post a manuscript on other sites, while medRxiv recommends using only one preprint server and will not post a manuscript already on another server. It specifically prohibits posting the same manuscript on both medRxiv and bioRxiv. Check each repository’s current rules and the target journal’s policy before depositing.

Can you post a preprint on multiple repositories?

There is no universal rule covering every repository. Permission from one server does not carry over to another: compare the rules for both the existing and intended repositories before you upload.

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SSRN: other sites are allowed, with practical cautions

SSRN says authors retain copyright and are free to post their manuscript on other sites. It warns that multiple preprint records may divide downloads and other metrics, and can make DOI tracking and citations harder to follow. See SSRN’s guidance on multiple preprint sites and related policies.

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medRxiv and bioRxiv: do not cross-post the same manuscript

medRxiv strongly recommends posting a preprint on only one server. It says manuscripts already present on another preprint server will not be posted, and that posting the same manuscript on both medRxiv and bioRxiv is not permitted and will result in withdrawal. Review the medRxiv FAQ and its submission guide before submitting.

How to choose between repositories

If more than one repository could fit your manuscript, compare the policies and practical effects before making a deposit.

  • Cross-posting and prior-deposit rules: Check whether the destination permits duplicate deposits and whether it accepts manuscripts already posted elsewhere.
  • Subject scope and screening: Choose a server that covers your field and verify its submission requirements. bioRxiv describes its remit as life sciences and directs out-of-scope work toward other repositories, including arXiv; see its overview.
  • Versions, identifiers, and citations: Find out how each service handles revisions and DOIs. Multiple records can make it less clear which version readers should cite.
  • Discoverability and metrics: Consider whether separate listings could split attention, downloads, or other repository metrics.
  • Journal requirements: Check the named journal’s preprint policy and any review-anonymity conditions in its author instructions.

There is no universal cross-repository linking standard established by these policies. If you do deposit in more than one permitted location, identify the preferred version and connect the records when the repositories offer an appropriate way to do so.

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Repository rules are separate from journal submission rules

A repository allowing a preprint deposit does not mean every journal will accept that manuscript under every condition. SSRN advises authors to check the next journal or publisher for restrictions. Its guidance also describes posting a preprint while a manuscript is under journal review; that does not establish that every journal permits preprints.

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Cross-posting a preprint between repositories is also different from sending the same manuscript to multiple journals at once. COPE’s guidance addresses concurrent journal submissions and calls that practice unethical; it is not a rule about repository cross-posting. Read COPE’s guidance on concurrent and duplicate submissions alongside the target journal’s own instructions.

What to keep in mind for health research

A preprint is a preliminary manuscript that has not been certified through peer review. medRxiv describes its submissions as preliminary reports not certified by peer review, and SSRN cautions that medical and health-care preprints should not be used to guide clinical practice. Those limits matter when sharing or interpreting health-related work.

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Check the live policies before depositing

Repository and journal policies can change. The guidance summarized here was checked on October 7, 2026; it is not a guarantee for every server, discipline, country, or journal. Before uploading, read the live rules for both repositories and the author instructions for your intended journal.

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