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A 2017 experiment produced nanosized ice crystals measured as 80% cubic—the highest value reported in that account, not proof of a physical maximum. Researchers rapidly froze supercooled water droplets and used X-ray scattering to measure their structure shortly afterward. The result raises the question of whether perfectly cubic ice is possible, but does not answer it.
What did the experiment find?
Chemistry World reported on 13 July 2017 that a US–Swedish team led by Barbara Wyslouzil of Ohio State University and Claudiu Stan of Stanford University produced nanosized water droplets, accelerated them to supersonic speeds and supercooled them to −45 °C. The droplets froze within one millionth of a second. X-ray scattering measurements taken 100 microseconds after freezing indicated that the resulting sample had 80% cubic structure. Chemistry World’s 2017 report described this as a record at the time.
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Does 80% cubic mean the ice was perfectly cubic?
No. “Cubicity” here means the proportion of cubic structure measured in the sample. An 80% cubic result is not pure cubic ice, and it does not mean every crystal in the sample had a cubic structure.
The report said the measured result approached a value predicted by molecular-dynamics simulation, and suggested that prediction might represent a best-case limit. That is not evidence that 80% is an absolute ceiling: the report does not establish that 100% cubic crystals cannot exist.
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How does it compare with earlier results?
The 2017 account contrasted the 80% result with earlier laboratory attempts that had reached about 70%. Both figures are historical comparisons reported at that time; they do not establish the current record.
Why study cubic ice?
Most ice is hexagonal, while cubic crystals have been observed in high clouds, according to the report. Understanding how metastable cubic crystals form may help scientists study atmospheric processes and could inform climate models. The experiment did not quantify any improvement to a climate model.
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What paper reported the result?
The report cites A. Amaya et al., Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 8 (2017), page 3216, DOI 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01142. The experimental details above are those described in Chemistry World’s account.
Quick Recap
Best Value
- 【Widely Compatibility】Our water line kit is suitable for most standard under sink filtration system or reverse osmosis systems (1/4"or 3/8" Outlet), and most brand and models refrigerator, ice maker, water dispenser.
- 【Safe material】Our Ice maker water line kit is made by food grade materials, have tested to meet NSF/ANSI standards and BPA-free.Ensure you and your family enjoy crystal ice cubes and delicious pure water.
- 【Easy Installation】The fittings in the water line kit are standard and Push-in quick connect, no additional tools required. Also a clear installation instructions help you complete your work in minutes.
- 【Prime quality accessories】The accessories in our kit are extremely safe and durable,there is no need to consider replacement for several years.
- 【Include all parts you need】25 FT 1/4" OD tubing, a 1/4" x 1/4" x 1/4" tee(for 1/4" outlet water filters), a 3/8" x 1/4" x 3/8" tee (for 3/8" outlet water filters), a 1/4" shut off valve, a 1/4" straight fitting, a 1/4"-3/8" straight fitting, a 1/4" thread adapter, a tube cutter, two 1/4" elbow guard, and a compression fitting set (2 insert, 2 sleeve, 2 nut).
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Rank #3
- Made of durable and colorful plastic
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