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Build a Pocket-Sized Virtual Aquarium with AI Fish on an ESP32

Pocket-tank is a virtual aquarium for a handheld Waveshare ESP32-S3 board. Its local model chooses fish goals while a reflex layer handles movement and interactions.

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You can build a pocket-sized aquarium with pocket-tank, a virtual-fish project for the Waveshare ESP32-S3-Touch-AMOLED-1.8. Its fish and water exist on a handheld screen, not in a real tank: a compact model running locally chooses what each fish should do, while a separate reflex layer handles movement and interaction.

What the pocket aquarium is—and what it isn’t

“Pocket-sized aquarium” describes the form factor, not a container for live fish. Pocket-tank is a handheld simulation displayed on a small AMOLED screen. Fish are animated sprites with simulated needs, behavior and relationships; the project is not an aquarium for keeping or caring for animals.

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The project repository describes the model and fish behavior as working without a network or cloud connection. That makes this an embedded AI demonstration: its model runs on the device rather than sending each decision to an online service.

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How the AI fish make decisions

Each fish periodically supplies a compact description of its situation, including its drives, personality, nearby fish and objects, and life stage. The local model chooses a goal and urgency. A separate reflex layer then carries out steering, movement, feeding and tank interactions while the next inference runs.

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  • 2.4GHz Dual Mode WiFi + Bluetooth Development Board
  • Support LWIP protocol, Freertos
  • SupportThree Modes: AP, STA, and AP+STA
  • Ultra-Low power consumption, Compatible with Arduino IDE
  • ESP32 is a safe, reliable, and scalable to a variety of applications

The repository says the reflex layer does not replace the model’s chosen goal with fallback heuristics. The goal set listed by the project is:

  • seek_food
  • follow_friend
  • inspect_reef
  • visit_bubbles
  • explore
  • rest
  • dart_play

Decision-making is shaped by simulated values for hunger, energy, stress, curiosity, boredom, boldness, sociability, laziness, trust and life stage. The repository says repeating an activity for about a minute tends to make a fish bored and steer it toward exploring, while hunger remains more important and fish rest at night. It also says the model samples among possible outputs, with close choices appearing as hesitation. These describe the project’s simulation; they are not evidence about the cognition or needs of live fish.

Rank #2
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  • Flexible Power-Saving Modes: ESP32 power-management features support dynamic clock scaling and low-power operating modes, helping developers reduce energy use in compatible sensing, monitoring and connected-device applications, suitable for battery-powered Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
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  • Over-the-Air Update Support: Configure OTA functionality through a compatible ESP-32 software framework to update deployed firmware over Wi-Fi without reconnecting the board by USB for every revision

What the project reports about its model

The repository describes a 14.3-million-parameter student transformer distilled from a 26-billion-parameter teacher. It reports the following figures, without stating a publication year for them on the README page reviewed. Treat them as project-reported measurements, not independent benchmarks or guarantees for other ESP32 devices.

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Measure Project-reported figure
Student model size 14.3 million parameters
Teacher model size About 26 billion parameters
Student model storage 57 MB in fp32; 7.56 MB in four-bit form
Closed-schema vocabulary 54 tokens
Agreement with teacher’s selected goal 72%; the repository also reports 82% teacher self-agreement
Training situations 51,613 teacher-labeled situations
Decision and rendering speed on the real board About 3.7 seconds per decision at 12 tokens per second; rendering reported at 25–30 frames per second

The figures and architecture above are reported by the pocket-tank project repository; the README page reviewed does not date the measurements. In particular, the reported frame rate describes rendering and should not be confused with the time needed for a model decision.

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Hardware needed for the documented handheld build

The documented target is the Waveshare ESP32-S3-Touch-AMOLED-1.8 board. The README identifies an ESP32-S3R8, 16 MB of flash, 8 MB of PSRAM, a 368×448 AMOLED display, capacitive touch, an IMU, a PMIC and an RTC. It says both board revisions are supported and auto-detected.

Use that exact board as your compatibility reference. The repository mentions community ports for other boards, but says they are not built or tested by the main project and may lag behind. It does not establish that a generic ESP32 board is a drop-in substitute.

Rank #4
ESP-WROOM-32 ESP32 ESP-32S Development Board 2.4GHz Dual-Mode WiFi + Bluetooth Dual Cores Microcontroller Processor Integrated with Antenna RF AMP Filter AP STA Compatible with Arduino IDE (1 PCS)
  • 2.4GHz Dual Mode WiFi + Bluetooth Development Board
  • Support LWIP protocol, Freertos;ESP32 is a safe, reliable, and scalable to a variety of applications
  • SupportThree Modes: AP, STA, and AP+STA
  • Ultra-Low power consumption, Compatible with Arduino IDE
  • 1PCS 30Pin ESP32 Development Board 2.4GHz WiFi Dual Cores Microcontroller Integrated with Antenna RF Low Noise Amplifiers Filters
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Support on Ko-Fi

Three ways to try pocket-tank

The right route depends on whether you want to explore the simulation, build firmware, or have a portable touchscreen device.

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Route What it involves Best fit
PC simulator Runs on a computer using shared project code and the shipped model, according to the repository. Trying the simulation without assembling or flashing the handheld target.
ESP-IDF build and flash Build and flash firmware for the documented board, including a separate model partition. Developers comfortable with an ESP-IDF workflow who want the physical device.
Browser installer The repository describes a browser-based installer for Chrome or Edge. Using the project’s offered installation path without following its build-and-flash route.

The repository reports release v0.2.0 alpha and describes the installer, firmware, simulator and living-tank features as implemented. Because release status can change, check the project’s current README and release information before starting.

Best Value
HiLetgo ESP-WROOM-32 ESP32 ESP-32S Development Board 2.4GHz Dual-Mode WiFi + Bluetooth Dual Cores Microcontroller Processor Integrated with Antenna RF AMP Filter AP STA for Arduino IDE
  • 2.4GHz Dual Mode WiFi + Bluetooth Development Board
  • Ultra-Low power consumption, works perfectly with the Arduino IDE
  • Support LWIP protocol, Freertos
  • SupportThree Modes: AP, STA, and AP+STA
  • ESP32 is a safe, reliable, and scalable to a variety of applications

Build and installation considerations

For the documented board build, follow the project’s own setup instructions rather than adapting generic ESP32 guidance: the model uses a separate partition, and the project provides a browser installer as an alternative to building and flashing through ESP-IDF. The repository is the source for the current setup steps: pocket-tank README.

  • For a first look: start with the PC simulator if you do not need a portable touchscreen unit.
  • For the handheld: use the Waveshare ESP32-S3-Touch-AMOLED-1.8 target and confirm the board revision and current project instructions.
  • For other hardware: treat community ports as experimental rather than supported by the main project.
  • For code and reuse: the repository identifies the main project as MIT-licensed, while separately cloned components have their own licenses.

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