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Android USB-C File Transfer: How to Connect, Copy Files, and Understand Speed

Unlock your Android phone, select File Transfer, and use a data-capable USB cable. USB-C alone does not indicate the connection’s data speed.
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To transfer files from an Android phone over USB-C, unlock the phone, connect it to a computer with a data-capable cable, then choose File Transfer in the phone’s USB notification. The USB-C connector alone does not tell you how fast that transfer will be: the phone, computer port, cable, and other connected hardware all affect the available connection.

How to transfer files from Android to a computer

Android may initially use the USB connection for charging. Select the file-transfer mode on the phone to make its files available to the computer. Google’s instructions cover Windows and Chromebook; notification wording can vary by device and Android version. See Google’s Android file-transfer instructions.

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On Windows

  1. Unlock your Android phone and connect it to the computer with a USB cable.
  2. On the phone, tap the notification labeled Charging this device via USB.
  3. Select File Transfer.
  4. Use the file-transfer window that opens on the computer to copy files between the phone and computer.
  5. When finished, eject the phone from the computer before unplugging it.

On Chromebook

  1. Unlock the phone and connect it to the Chromebook with a USB cable.
  2. On the phone, tap the USB notification and select File Transfer.
  3. Use the Chromebook’s Files app to copy files.
  4. Disconnect the phone when you are finished.

Why does an Android phone charge but not transfer files?

Charging does not confirm that the cable supports data. Google’s Android Help says, “Not all USB cables can transfer files.” Try another cable, then unlock the phone and check its USB notification for File Transfer.

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If the option still does not appear or the computer does not detect the phone, try another available port and, where practical, test the cable or port with a known-working device. Google also recommends checking the computer settings and restarting the devices if the connection problem persists.

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What USB-C does—and does not—tell you about speed

USB-C describes the connector, not a guaranteed data rate. The USB Implementers Forum’s USB 3.2 overview lists link rates of 5 Gbps, 10 Gbps, and 20 Gbps. The 20 Gbps mode uses two 10 Gbps lanes. These are standard link-rate figures, not promises of the speed at which a particular Android phone will copy files. See the USB-IF USB 3.2 overview.

A connection operates at the lowest speed capability shared by its components. The phone’s hardware, computer port, cable, any hub, storage device, and transfer method can all constrain it. Check the specifications for your exact phone and computer rather than inferring speed from the USB-C shape. The cited sources do not establish a universal real-world Android file-copy rate.

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Using a USB-C drive or connecting other devices

A USB-C flash drive can provide a direct way to move files or add storage, provided the phone supports USB host or OTG operation. Android’s developer guide explains that in host mode the Android device acts as the host for peripherals such as keyboards, mice, cameras, and game controllers. In accessory mode, compatible external USB hardware acts as host. Support depends on the device’s hardware; Android platform level alone does not guarantee it. See Android’s USB host and accessory guide.

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For example, SanDisk describes a Phone Drive with USB-C and USB-A connectors for compatible phones and USB-A computers. Its datasheet says mobile use requires USB-C and OTG support. The manufacturer specifies read speeds of up to 100 MB/s under its internal testing conditions with a compatible USB 3.2 Gen 1 host; write speeds are lower. That is a product specification, not an Android-phone transfer benchmark. Check the drive’s compatibility and connector requirements before relying on it. See the Phone Drive datasheet.

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When USB security blocks a new connection

On supported Pixel 6-and-later devices, USB Protection—when enabled through Advanced Protection—blocks a new USB data connection while the phone is locked, although charging continues. A data connection established while the phone is unlocked remains active until disconnected. This behavior is specific to the supported Pixel devices and feature; it should not be assumed for every Android phone. Details are in Google’s USB Protection guidance.

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