To retest an accessibility fix, repeat the affected user interaction in the repaired version, check it against the relevant accessibility requirement, and record what you tested and observed. Pair automated checks with human evaluation when a criterion depends on interaction or judgment. A focused pass verifies only the stated view, state, and steps—not an entire product’s conformance.
Define what the retest covers
Start with the original issue. Identify the product or component, the exact page or view, the workflow and state where the barrier appeared, and the relevant requirement. If you are using WCAG, record the success criterion and the target WCAG version and conformance level when applicable.
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Consider whether the repair could affect other views, states, or related components. Extend the sample if needed, then state the boundary plainly: which views, states, and actions you checked, and which you did not. W3C’s WCAG Evaluation Methodology (WCAG-EM) 2.0 describes a broader evaluation process that includes defining scope, exploring the product, selecting a representative sample, evaluating it, and reporting results. A bug-fix retest can be narrower than that full process.
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Reproduce the issue, then repeat the same steps
Use the original reproduction steps and relevant state so the before-and-after comparison is meaningful. Test the repaired build or product version, and note the date. Where the problem depended on a particular browser, operating system, assistive technology, input method, or other setup, use that setup again when possible and record it.
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- Open the affected page or view in the version being retested.
- Set the same relevant preconditions as in the original report, such as the same account state, content, or starting point.
- Repeat the action that exposed the issue, using the relevant interaction method.
- Compare what happens with the expected accessible behavior.
- Check any related state or view that the repair could reasonably affect, and add it to the stated scope.
WCAG-EM 2.0 recommends documenting evaluation outcomes. Its optional record of specifics includes samples, tools, browsers, assistive technologies, software, and methods used. The WCAG-EM overview also describes the methodology’s scope, including digital products such as apps.
Choose checks that match the accessibility requirement
Automated checkers can help find some detectable issues, but they cannot establish that every interaction is usable. W3C’s Understanding Conformance explains that testing success criteria involves “a combination of automated testing and human evaluation.” Use the method that can actually assess the behavior in question.
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| Check type | Useful for | What to record |
|---|---|---|
| Automated checker | Issues the chosen checker can detect in the tested page or state | Checker name and version, the page or state checked, and the relevant output |
| Human evaluation | Behavior that requires interaction, interpretation, or judgment | Evaluator’s method, steps, expected behavior, and observed behavior |
| Usability testing | Understanding how people experience a workflow, including users with disabilities | Who participated in the test in appropriately privacy-conscious terms, the task, and observed barriers |
Use only methods you actually performed. For example, do not describe a keyboard check, screen-reader session, assistive-technology/browser combination, or user test unless it took place. W3C recommends usability testing in addition to functional testing and recommends including users with disabilities in usability test groups.
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A useful retest record lets a teammate understand the scope, repeat the check, judge the outcome, and decide what to do next. W3C’s template for accessibility evaluation reports recommends documenting evaluation background, scope, reviewers, process, results, recommended actions, and references. For a focused fix, a concise issue record can capture the essentials:
- What and where: Product or component, exact page, view, or workflow.
- Requirement: The relevant accessibility requirement or WCAG success criterion, with version and level if applicable.
- Setup: Build or product version, test date, browser, operating system, assistive technology, tools and versions, and method where relevant.
- Preconditions and steps: Starting state, inputs, and numbered actions needed to reproduce the check.
- Expected and observed results: The behavior that should occur and what actually occurred.
- Outcome and limits: Pass, fail, or blocked for this check, plus remaining failures or untested scope.
- Supporting artifacts: A screenshot, short video, test output, or other evidence when it helps verify the finding.
- Impact and follow-up: The user consequence in plain language and a link to the issue or repair record if your team uses one.
W3C’s WCAG-EM 2.0 guidance explains that documentation supports transparency, replicability, and justifications for evaluation statements. It also notes that clear issue descriptions, reproduction steps, severity, screenshots, and video can help teams resolve problems more quickly.
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If the check still fails, describe the barrier in terms of what a person cannot do or understand, not only the technical symptom. Pinpoint the location, give the steps to reproduce it, and state what behavior a successful repair should produce. W3C’s accessibility testing guidance recommends identifying exactly what was evaluated, where requirements succeeded or failed, how an issue affects users, how to reproduce it, and practical ways to address it.
If the check is blocked—for example, the affected state cannot be reached—record that as blocked rather than pass. Explain the blocker and the next action needed to complete the check.
Keep the conclusion proportional to the evidence
For a focused retest, report the result at the same scope you examined: for example, that a specified interaction in a named view passed on the recorded setup. Do not turn that finding into a claim that the whole product conforms. A formal conformance statement has broader requirements. WCAG-EM 2.0 identifies information such as the statement date, guideline title and version, conformance level, product scope, technologies relied upon, and accessibility support baseline; it cautions that using the methodology alone does not in most situations establish a WCAG 2 conformance claim.
For a broader evaluation report, W3C’s evaluation report template can help organize the background, scope, reviewers, process, results, and recommended actions. Keep the retest record linked to its issue or repair history so future reviewers can see which version was checked and what remains outside the result.
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