The Justice Department sued Maryland on October 1, 2026, challenging a state law and ordinances in Prince George’s and Montgomery counties that address law-enforcement officers’ face coverings and identification. The case is United States v. Maryland, No. 1:26-cv-04110-JRR, in the U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland. The filing is the federal government’s challenge—not a court ruling that the laws are invalid.
What the lawsuit challenges
The complaint names Maryland, Attorney General Anthony G. Brown, the Maryland Police Training and Standards Commission, Prince George’s County, and Montgomery County as defendants. It challenges three provisions: Maryland Public Safety §§ 3-207, 3-535, and 3-536, enacted as SB-1; Prince George’s County Code § 18-124; and Montgomery County Code § 35-13E. DOJ says the provisions apply to federal officers as well as other law-enforcement officers.
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The complaint describes rules concerning face coverings and officer identification, but the provisions and their exceptions differ by jurisdiction. They should not be treated as one uniform statewide-and-county rule. The dates below are those recited in the federal complaint:
| Jurisdiction | Provision | Effective date stated in complaint |
|---|---|---|
| Maryland | Public Safety §§ 3-207, 3-535, and 3-536 (SB-1) | October 1, 2026; the complaint says the law was passed April 13 and signed May 26, 2026. |
| Prince George’s County | County Code § 18-124 | April 29, 2026. |
| Montgomery County | County Code § 35-13E | May 7, 2026. |
The complaint cites each provision and describes their requirements and exceptions. It does not make the provisions interchangeable; the exact rule an officer faces depends on the law and jurisdiction involved.
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Why DOJ says the laws are unlawful
The United States argues that the laws directly regulate the federal government’s conduct and therefore violate the Constitution’s Supremacy Clause and the related doctrine of intergovernmental immunity. In DOJ’s view, states and counties cannot dictate what federal officers wear or require of them while carrying out federal duties. That is the government’s legal theory in this case, not a ruling by the court.
Associate Attorney General Stanley E. Woodward Jr. said in DOJ’s October 1 announcement that “states and localities do not have the authority to regulate the Federal Government.” Assistant Attorney General Brett A. Shumate likewise said that the federal government decides what equipment its officers may wear on official duty. These are statements of the administration’s position, not judicial findings.
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What DOJ is asking the court to do
The complaint asks the court to declare the challenged provisions invalid and to enjoin their enforcement. The October 1 announcement and complaint establish that DOJ requested this relief; they do not establish that the court granted it. The reviewed materials also do not show a merits ruling in the Maryland case.
DOJ’s announcement says that it has brought similar litigation elsewhere and that each court to rule so far on mask-ban or identification claims granted preliminary relief. That is DOJ’s summary of other cases; it is not an outcome in this Maryland lawsuit.
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What the filing does—and does not—establish
- Established by the filings: The United States filed the case in federal court in Maryland on October 1, 2026, and named state and county defendants.
- At issue: One Maryland law and two county-code provisions concerning face coverings and identification, with differing requirements and exceptions.
- Alleged by DOJ: The measures improperly regulate federal officers and raise operational and safety concerns. The complaint’s claims about threats, harassment, and operational consequences are allegations, not independently established prevalence figures.
- Not established by the reviewed filings: That the court has invalidated the laws, entered an injunction, or resolved the dispute on the merits.
The complaint also reproduces a May 12, 2026 letter in which Maryland Attorney General Anthony G. Brown told Governor Wes Moore that he believed a court would likely find application of SB-1’s face-covering ban or identification requirement to federal law enforcement unconstitutional. Brown’s assessment predates the lawsuit and is not a court decision.
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