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Freedom251 › Blog › beauty technology

Why the EU Prohibited TPO in Gel Nail Products

By Freedom251 Team · · 2 min read

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The EU prohibited trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO) in cosmetics because it was classified as a category 1B reproductive toxicant. The restriction took effect on 1 September 2025. It applies to cosmetics containing TPO—not to gel polish, gel manicures, UV lamps or artificial nail systems as a whole.

What chemical did the EU prohibit?

The substance is diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, listed under the cosmetic ingredient name (INCI) Trimethylbenzoyl Diphenylphosphine Oxide, or TPO. Its CAS number is 75980-60-8. TPO has been used in artificial nail systems.

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Commission Regulation (EU) 2025/877 added TPO to the EU cosmetics list of prohibited substances. The regulation states: “In light of the classification of ‘Trimethylbenzoyl Diphenylphosphine Oxide’ as a CMR substance of category 1B (Toxic for Reproduction), that substance should no longer be allowed in cosmetic products.” Read Commission Regulation (EU) 2025/877.

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Why was TPO banned?

The stated reason is its classification as a category 1B substance toxic for reproduction. The regulation cites Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/197, which classifies TPO and applies from 1 September 2025. In response, the Commission removed TPO from the restricted-use list and placed it on the prohibited list for cosmetics.

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This explains the regulatory decision, not the size of any particular exposure risk. The regulation does not provide a consumer risk percentage, and no such estimate should be inferred from the former concentration limit.

What changed on 1 September 2025?

Before the amendment, EU cosmetics rules allowed TPO only for professional use in artificial nail systems, with a maximum concentration of 5%. Regulation 2025/877 deleted that allowance and prohibited the substance in cosmetics from 1 September 2025.

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The 5% figure was a former legal maximum—not a measured risk estimate or a current allowance. The regulation is dated 12 May 2025, and its prohibition applies from 1 September 2025.

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Does this mean gel polish or gel manicures are banned?

No. The legal change concerns cosmetics containing TPO. It does not ban every gel nail product, every gel manicure, UV lamps or artificial nail systems. Whether a particular product is affected depends on its ingredients and applicable EU requirements; the rule does not establish that a product is compliant merely because it is marketed as gel polish.

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How can you check a gel nail product?

  1. Check the ingredient list. Look for “Trimethylbenzoyl Diphenylphosphine Oxide” or “TPO.” The regulation identifies the substance by that INCI name and CAS number 75980-60-8.
  2. Do not assume a product is suitable for EU use from a general label. A product described as “TPO-free” is a category to look for, not proof that a specific formulation or sale meets current EU requirements.
  3. Ask the salon or seller about the current formulation. If the ingredients or EU compliance status are unclear, the regulation alone cannot confirm a product’s status.

Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.

beauty technologyEU cosmetics regulationgel nail productsTPO

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