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Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →A Stellar DeFi transaction may be waiting for ledger inclusion, rejected before it reaches the ledger, or included but unsuccessful when its operation runs. Those are different problems with different fixes. Start with the transaction hash and its actual status and result—not just the wallet spinner—then check the relevant fee, sequence, signature, balance, trustline, time bound, or Soroban contract details.
First identify what “pending” or “failed” means
A wallet’s status message is only a starting point. Stellar transactions pass through distinct stages, and the remedy depends on which stage the transaction reached.
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- Rejected before inclusion: Stellar Core can reject an invalid transaction immediately. Stellar’s Transaction Lifecycle documentation explains that an invalid transaction does not increment the source account’s sequence number or consume its fee.
- Accepted but awaiting inclusion: A submission response such as
PENDINGmeans the transaction is pending propagation or ledger inclusion; it does not establish that the transaction has succeeded. - Included but unsuccessful: A transaction can be applied to a ledger yet fail because an operation fails. In that case, its operations are rolled back. Inspect the transaction-level result and operation-level details to find the cause.
Do not assume that every wallet’s “pending” label maps exactly to one of these stages. Check the network record where possible.
Find the transaction record and its result
Use the transaction hash in Stellar Lab’s Transaction Dashboard or an appropriate Stellar API. The dashboard can show the transaction’s status, source account, sequence number, processing date, and fee. For Soroban transactions, available details can also include contract interactions, events, state changes, resource use, signatures, and fee breakdowns.
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Read the transaction-level result and, where available, the operation result or Soroban diagnostics. Horizon result codes include categories for bad sequence, insufficient balance, and insufficient fee. Soroban RPC’s sendTransaction response can return PENDING; if it returns ERROR, the response can include the encoded transaction result that explains a Core rejection.
If the record is not clear, collect the transaction hash, selected network, wallet name, DeFi application or contract, and exact displayed error. Without those details, a specific recovery instruction cannot be determined reliably.
Check the cause indicated by the result
Fee or Soroban resource error
Fees are paid in XLM. Soroban contract transactions have two fee components: an inclusion fee and a resource fee. Their fee and resource constraints differ from classic transactions, so a generic fee amount is not a guaranteed fix.
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For a contract transaction, Stellar recommends simulating it with simulateTransaction to calculate the required resource values and resource fee. Network resource limits can change, and inclusion fees may need adjustment during congestion. Use the simulation and current transaction diagnostics rather than repeatedly increasing a fee without evidence.
Bad sequence or another transaction from the account
Each source account has a sequence number, and transactions must use an appropriate sequence. Only one sequence for a given account can be consumed per ledger. Compare the submitted sequence with the source account’s current transaction history and check whether another transaction from that account is unresolved.
Stellar’s error guidance describes TRY_AGAIN_LATER when another transaction from the same source remains in memory after a low-fee rejection. In that case, wait for the earlier transaction to resolve before resubmitting; sending another transaction with an assumed sequence can compound the problem.
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Signature or network mismatch
A TxBadAuth error can indicate a network-passphrase mismatch or insufficient signature weight. Confirm that the wallet and transaction are using the intended network, and that the source account’s required signing authority is available. A mainnet/testnet mismatch is not repaired by changing the fee.
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Insufficient XLM, missing account, or trustline
Check that the source account has enough available XLM to cover the applicable fee and transaction requirements. For an asset transfer or contract action, check whether the relevant account or asset trustline exists. Stellar CLI troubleshooting describes missing trustlines and insufficient XLM as possible error causes; separate disbursement documentation also illustrates missing receiver trustlines, underfunded accounts, and missing accounts. Those disbursement examples are specific to that product and do not establish the cause of every DeFi transaction failure.
Time bounds or an expired transaction
A transaction with time bounds is valid only within its specified time window. If it is submitted outside that window, it can be invalid. Check the transaction’s bounds and current status before trying again; an expired transaction and an unresolved transaction are not interchangeable cases.
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Contract or operation failure
If the transaction was included but failed, inspect the operation result and Soroban diagnostics rather than treating it as a submission problem. Contract events, state changes, and resource information can help show what happened during execution. The transaction hash and the exact result are needed to distinguish an application-specific contract condition from a network-level problem.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Resubmit only after checking status and validity
Do not blindly submit the same transaction again while its status or validity window is unknown. First determine whether it is still pending, already included, rejected, or expired, and check whether another transaction from the same source account may be in flight.
- Inspect the hash: Look up the transaction in Stellar Lab’s Transaction Dashboard or an appropriate API, and confirm the network.
- Read the result: Check the transaction-level result, operation result, and Soroban diagnostics if applicable.
- Check the validity boundary: Review any time or ledger bounds and whether the original transaction can still be valid.
- Wait for a stuck transaction to expire before replacing it: Stellar’s Soroban debugging documentation says that if a transaction has not applied within 1–2 minutes, it is highly unlikely to remain remembered by the network. That is guidance from that documentation, not a guarantee for every wallet or endpoint. The page recommends client-side time or ledger bounds and resubmitting after the bound expires; if the problem persists, consider a fee bump.
Which diagnostic view should you use?
Choose a view that answers the questions needed for your transaction. The relevant network matters: confirm whether you are inspecting mainnet or testnet, not merely a transaction record from a different environment.
- Stellar Lab Transaction Dashboard: Useful for transaction status and basic fields, with Soroban details such as events, resource use, and fee breakdowns where available.
- Horizon or another appropriate Stellar API: Useful for transaction and operation results, including result-code categories.
- Soroban RPC submission response: Useful for the immediate
PENDINGorERRORstatus and, on error, encoded transaction-result data. - Soroban simulation: Useful before submission for calculating contract transaction resource values and resource fees.
For a particular transaction, the most useful evidence is its hash, exact returned result or diagnostic, selected network, wallet, and DeFi app or contract. Support behavior and retry logic vary by wallet and application, so a general Stellar diagnosis cannot establish an unnamed app’s internal handling.
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