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Freedom251 › Blog › emergency preparedness

What to Include in an Emergency Food Supply for Your Household

By Freedom251 Team · · 4 min read

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Keep at least three days of shelf-stable food for every person in your household, along with at least one gallon of water per person per day for three days. Choose foods that can be eaten with little or no cooking, added water, or refrigeration, and account for infants, pets, allergies, medical needs, and dietary restrictions.

What foods should I keep in my house for emergencies?

Build your supply around familiar, shelf-stable foods that remain usable if the power or water is out. USDA FSIS examples include:

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  • Canned meat, poultry, fish, fruits, and vegetables
  • Peanut butter and jelly
  • Dried fruit
  • Crackers, cereal, and granola bars
  • Nonfat dry milk
  • Small juice boxes

Favor products that can be eaten as-is or prepared with minimal water and no refrigeration. Very salty or spicy foods can increase thirst, so they may be a poor fit when safe water is limited. Choose smaller cans when possible: once opened, leftovers may need refrigeration.

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See the USDA FSIS emergency food guidance for more examples and handling advice.

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How much food and water should you store?

FoodSafety.gov recommends keeping at least a three-day supply of nonperishable food. Treat that as a minimum, then increase the reserve to match household needs and local hazards.

CDC’s June 27, 2025 guidance recommends at least one gallon of water per person per day for three days, and says to try to store a two-week supply if possible. Plan for more water when needed for pregnant people, someone who is sick, pets, or a hot climate. Water needs vary; the minimum is not a guarantee that every household will have enough.

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For water filled at home, CDC recommends FDA-approved food-grade storage containers where possible. Label and date containers, keep them cool and away from sunlight and toxic substances, and replace stored water every six months. Follow CDC guidance and the container maker’s instructions. Details are in CDC’s emergency water supply guidance.

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How to adapt the supply for household needs

Check each person’s needs rather than assuming one menu will work for everyone. Include foods suitable for children, allergies, sensitivities, restricted diets, and medical conditions. CDC’s personal-needs guidance names nutrition drinks and ready-to-feed formula as options for people with specific needs and infants; include the type appropriate to your household.

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Keep pet food and any specialty nutrition products on hand as well. Emergency food does not replace a prescribed medical nutrition plan, so follow the person’s clinician-provided instructions for medically necessary products.

Choose food that works without power or a kitchen

For each item, consider whether it is useful if you cannot safely use a refrigerator, stove, or tap water. Check the label for preparation requirements and choose a safe heating method only if one will realistically be available. Keep a manual can opener with canned food; an electric opener may be unusable during an outage.

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A practical selection check is:

  • Can household members eat it, including anyone with allergies or dietary restrictions?
  • Can it be eaten without cooking or added water?
  • Does preparation use a lot of water, or is the food especially salty or spicy?
  • Will an opened package leave leftovers that need refrigeration?
  • Can you store it safely and rotate it before its expiration date?
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Store and rotate the supply safely

FoodSafety.gov recommends storing canned or dried foods between 40°F and 70°F (4°C and 21°C). Choose a cool, dry, dark location, away from heat sources, chemicals, pests, and possible floodwater. Check dates regularly and use and replace items before they expire.

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Food storage is only part of outage readiness. FoodSafety.gov recommends refrigerator thermometers and freezer thermometers; keep the refrigerator at or below 40°F (4°C) and the freezer at or below 0°F (-18°C). Have coolers and frozen gel packs available if you may need to keep perishable food cold during a power outage. Its disaster and emergency food-safety guidance covers preparation and handling.

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Keep a household checklist

  • At least three days of nonperishable food for each household member
  • At least one gallon of water per person per day for three days, with a longer reserve if possible
  • Ready-to-eat or low-preparation foods such as canned proteins and produce, dried fruit, peanut butter, crackers, cereal or granola bars, dry milk, and juice drinks
  • Suitable infant formula and foods for allergies, medical needs, or dietary restrictions
  • Pet food and any needed specialty nutrition products
  • A manual can opener, plus safe home water-storage containers if you fill and store water yourself
  • A cool, dry, dark storage location and a routine for checking dates and rotating supplies
  • Refrigerator and freezer thermometers, plus coolers and frozen gel packs if outages are a concern

These are U.S. federal preparedness recommendations. Follow local public-health guidance for your location and hazards. For food or water exposed to floodwater or suspected contamination, do not assume it is safe because packaging looks intact; consult current local guidance and the agencies’ separate advice on food safety after disasters.

Sources: CDC, How to Create and Store an Emergency Water Supply (June 27, 2025); CDC, Personal Needs (April 18, 2024); USDA FSIS, Keeping Food Safe During an Emergency; USDA FSIS, What foods should I keep in my house for emergencies? (last updated January 3, 2025); FoodSafety.gov, Food Safety in a Disaster or Emergency; and CDC, Keep Food Safe After a Disaster or Emergency.

Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.

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