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What the National Military Strategy for Cyberspace Operations Means

By Freedom251 Team · · 2 min read

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The phrase most likely refers to the U.S. National Military Strategy for Cyberspace Operations, a historical strategy document released in December 2006. In general terms, a national military strategy for cyberspace operations is a framework for integrating cyberspace capabilities, forces, partnerships, and planning into the pursuit of national defense objectives. That is a plain-language synthesis, not a quoted official definition.

What is the National Military Strategy for Cyberspace Operations?

The 2006 document is distinct from the broader National Military Strategy (NMS). The NMS is the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff’s framework for how the armed forces execute policy goals set out in the National Security Strategy and National Defense Strategy. The Chairman develops it after consulting combatant commanders and members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The Department of Defense Historical Office explains the NMS’s role on its National Military Strategy page.

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The 2006 cyberspace document focused specifically on military activity in cyberspace. A Department of Defense cybersecurity reference guide summarizes its themes as investment in science and technology, training the cyber workforce, partnerships with industry and other nations, integrating cyberspace capabilities across military operations, building capacity, and managing cyber risk. This is a guide’s summary of the historical strategy, not a claim that it reproduces every provision.

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How did the 2006 strategy define cyberspace?

A defense-published work attributes this definition to the 2006 strategy: “a domain characterized by the use of electronics and the electromagnetic spectrum to store, modify, and exchange data via networked systems and associated physical infrastructure.” The sentence defines cyberspace, not the strategy as a whole. The same work reports that the Department of Defense changed its cyberspace definition in 2008, so the 2006 wording should be treated as historical rather than assumed to be current doctrine. See the Department of Defense’s discussion of the definition of cyberspace operations.

How are cyberspace operations integrated with joint operations?

Joint doctrine treats cyberspace operations as part of integrated military activity, not as an isolated undertaking. Joint Publication 3-03, Joint Interdiction, notes that many aspects of joint operations rely on cyberspace and that cyberspace operations can complement and enable other forms of interdiction. It points to Joint Publication 3-12 for further explanation of cyberspace forces’ role. The publication is available from the Joint Chiefs of Staff’s operations doctrine library.

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Is the 2006 strategy still current?

The sources establish the 2006 document’s historical identity and themes, but they do not establish whether it was formally rescinded or superseded. Its age alone does not settle that question. The 2019 Department of Defense account says the 2018 NMS was classified and that an unclassified description was available; it does not establish the release status of any later NMS. For that distinction, see the Department of Defense’s 2019 account, “National Military Strategy Addresses Changing Character of War.”

When evaluating a later strategy or doctrine publication against the 2006 document, check its publication date and issuing authority, its purpose and level of strategy, whether the full text or only an unclassified description is public, its terminology, and how it treats cyberspace within joint operations. These criteria help distinguish a historical strategy from current doctrine without assuming a supersession history the available sources do not verify.

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cyberspace operationsjoint doctrineMilitary StrategyU.S. Department of Defense

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