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A free scan shows the junk files, broken settings and background clutter dragging Windows down - then fixes them in one click.Free scan · Windows 10 & 11UPI MDR is a fee for accepting and processing certain business payments—not a tax. The Ministry of Finance says customers are not to be charged it. As of 4 October 2026, the rates announced by the Department of Financial Services are scheduled to take effect on 15 October 2026, and apply according to transaction type, amount and merchant classification.
What is UPI MDR?
MDR stands for Merchant Discount Rate. It is a merchant-side fee associated with providing payment acceptance and processing. The Government of India’s 2025 background describes MDR as a way for the digital-payment industry to recover service costs. Under the September 2026 announcement, the fee is shared among payment ecosystem participants; the Ministry of Finance says it is neither a tax nor a charge collected by the Government or NPCI. Ministry of Finance, PIB release, 15 September 2026.
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UPI person-to-merchant (P2M) means a customer paying a business. Person-to-person (P2P) means a transfer between people. The announced MDR terms concern specified P2M payments; they do not mean that every UPI payment carries a fee.
What rates are announced, and when do they apply?
The Department of Financial Services FAQ, dated 15 September 2026, says the framework takes effect on 15 October 2026. As of 4 October 2026, these are announced future provisions, not rates already in effect. The table summarises the FAQ’s stated treatment:
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| Payment or merchant category | Announced treatment from 15 October 2026 |
|---|---|
| Specified general P2M transaction above ₹2,000 | 0.4% |
| Transaction of ₹75,000 or more under the percentage treatment | Maximum ₹300 per transaction |
| Specified essential or thin-margin sectors above ₹2,000, including railways, telecommunications, insurance, fuel and agricultural inputs | Flat ₹5 per transaction |
| Capital-market transaction | 0.02%, capped at ₹300 |
| P2M payment up to ₹2,000 | No MDR under the announced framework |
| P2P transfer | Free under the announced framework |
| Qualifying P2PM small merchant | Zero MDR under the described category, including when an individual payment exceeds ₹2,000 |
Rates and categories in this table are those stated in the Department of Financial Services FAQ, 15 September 2026. For the general percentage treatment, the FAQ gives examples of ₹3,000 × 0.4% = ₹12 and ₹50,000 × 0.4% = ₹200; for a transaction of ₹75,000 or more, it states a maximum of ₹300. These are FAQ illustrations, not independently verified merchant invoices. Department of Financial Services FAQ, 15 September 2026.
The 0.4% rate is not universal: the transaction must fall within the specified category, and the applicable treatment can depend on the merchant’s sector and classification. The Ministry estimates that approximately 96% of P2M transactions will remain unaffected; that figure is the Ministry’s estimate, not an independent calculation. Ministry of Finance, PIB release, 15 September 2026.
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Who pays UPI MDR?
The stated policy is that the merchant bears MDR within the payment ecosystem. The Department of Financial Services FAQ’s worked example has the merchant paying the fee to its acquiring bank. The Ministry says the fee is distributed among payment ecosystem participants, including banks and payment application providers. The exact percentage split is not established in the cited materials; the FAQ says operational parameters and distribution models are for the UPI and Services Steering Committee headed by NPCI.
The Ministry directs merchants not to pass MDR on to UPI customers. The announced charge is not described as money collected by the Government or NPCI.
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Will I be charged for paying by UPI?
According to the Ministry of Finance, customers are not to be charged MDR: consumer payment charges are not introduced, and merchants are instructed not to pass the fee to UPI customers. P2P transfers remain free under the announced framework. This is the official policy position; it should not be read as a claim that every service or commercial arrangement associated with a payment is covered by these MDR provisions.
Does MDR apply to a UPI payment above ₹2,000?
Not automatically. For specified general P2M transactions above ₹2,000, the announced rate is 0.4%, subject to the stated ₹300 cap for transactions of ₹75,000 or more. Certain listed essential or thin-margin sectors instead have a flat ₹5 rate above ₹2,000, while capital-market transactions are listed at 0.02%, capped at ₹300. A payment up to ₹2,000 has no MDR under the announced terms, and a qualifying P2PM small merchant remains exempt even if one payment is above that threshold.
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Do small merchants have to pay UPI MDR?
The Department of Financial Services FAQ describes P2PM merchants as small vendors receiving up to ₹1 lakh per month through UPI QR codes. Qualifying merchants are described as remaining at zero MDR. The FAQ says an individual payment above ₹2,000 does not by itself impose MDR when the merchant has the exempt P2PM classification.
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1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFor a merchant, the practical step is to ask the acquiring bank or payment aggregator how the merchant account is classified and what fees apply to that account. The government FAQ does not determine an individual merchant’s account terms. It also says the detailed small-merchant fund framework will be finalised in consultation with RBI, so its completed allocation rules are not established in the cited materials.
Do existing QR stands need to be replaced?
No. The FAQ says existing QR stands and soundboxes do not need replacement or re-registration. A countertop QR stand only displays the merchant’s QR code; it does not provide acquiring, settlement or payment processing.
How is this different from the earlier zero-MDR scheme?
A Cabinet-approved Government of India scheme for FY 2024–25 described zero MDR for all UPI P2M transactions under that scheme. It also provided a 0.15% incentive for small-merchant UPI payments up to ₹2,000, while large merchants had no such incentive. That historical arrangement is not the same as the separate rates announced in September 2026 for effect from 15 October 2026. The earlier release said the incentive was paid to the acquiring bank and shared with other stakeholders; it does not establish the later framework’s exact revenue-sharing formula. Government of India, Ministry of Finance, Cabinet release, 19 March 2025.
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