On XRP Ledger Mainnet, the documented base reserve is 1 XRP, plus 0.2 XRP for each counted ledger object the account owns. An ordinary account with no owned objects therefore needs 1 XRP to meet its base reserve; an account with five counted objects would need 2 XRP under those same settings. Reserve levels can change, and sponsorship or special object rules can affect the calculation, so check the current ledger values and your account’s objects before funding it.
What the XRP reserve is—and what it is not
The XRP Ledger requires accounts to keep a minimum amount of XRP reserved on-ledger. The reserve is not a transaction fee that is automatically spent. However, XRP held toward the reserve can be used to pay transaction costs, and those costs are destroyed. If fees reduce an account’s balance below its reserve requirement, the account remains on the ledger but loses some capabilities.
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The XRP Ledger’s reserves documentation says an account below its current reserve cannot send XRP to others or create new objects that would increase its reserve requirement. Reserve compliance is therefore a balance-and-account-state requirement, not a separate wallet balance or a guarantee that the XRP cannot be spent.
How much XRP an ordinary Mainnet account needs
The official XRPL documentation lists a Mainnet base reserve of 1 XRP and an owner reserve increment of 0.2 XRP per counted object. For a normal, unsponsored account, the calculation is:
Reserve requirement = base reserve + (owner reserve increment × OwnerCount)
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Using the currently documented Mainnet values, that becomes 1 XRP + (0.2 XRP × OwnerCount). OwnerCount is the account’s count of ledger objects that contribute to its reserve requirement.
| OwnerCount | Calculation using documented Mainnet values | Reserve requirement |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 XRP + (0.2 XRP × 0) | 1 XRP |
| 1 | 1 XRP + (0.2 XRP × 1) | 1.2 XRP |
| 5 | 1 XRP + (0.2 XRP × 5) | 2 XRP |
These are arithmetic examples, not a promise that every account has the same requirement. They use the documented Mainnet parameters and assume no sponsorship or special object treatment. The XRPL reserves page also documents a specific NFT example: an account with one NFT page and one NFT sell offer has a 1.4 XRP reserve requirement. Under that page’s example assumptions, minting 200 NFTs and making a sell offer for each could require as much as 43.6 XRP in reserve. NFT reserve is charged for NFT page objects, not once per NFT, and how many NFTs fit on a page can vary.
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Which ledger objects can raise the requirement?
Objects that an account owns can add to OwnerCount and increase its reserve. Examples include trust lines, offers, NFT pages, escrows, checks, and signer lists. The exact effect depends on the object and, in some cases, its state or the account responsible for it.
Trust lines
The reserves page describes a limited exception for the first two trust lines: if an account is funded with exactly the 1 XRP base reserve, it can create those two without an owner reserve charge. If the account is funded with more than 1 XRP, the normal reserve fees apply to those first two. This condition should not be read as a universal rule that the first two trust lines are always free.
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Responsibility for a trust-line reserve depends on the line’s state. The official RippleState reference says the entry can count toward one or both connected accounts; most often the token holder owes the reserve and the issuer does not.
NFTs and offers
NFT pages and NFT sell offers can each affect the owner count. The reserve applies to page objects rather than separately to every NFT stored on a page, while a sell offer can add its own owner reserve. The XRPL’s NFT documentation provides the 1.4 XRP and 43.6 XRP examples above; actual page packing can vary.
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How sponsorship changes who must provide the reserve
With sponsorship, another account can take responsibility for an account’s base reserve or an owned object’s reserve. Sponsored XRP is not transferred into the sponsored user’s wallet: reserve responsibility is tracked on-ledger. See the official Sponsored Fees and Reserves documentation for the protocol rules. Because sponsorship can alter which account bears the requirement, the simple base-plus-OwnerCount calculation is not sufficient for every sponsored account.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.How to check the current reserve and your account’s count
Reserve settings are not permanent constants. Validators can change them through fee voting, so older guides may show different values. The XRP Ledger Foundation announced that a validator-approved change took effect on 2024-12-02: the base reserve fell from 10 XRP to 1 XRP, and the owner reserve from 2 XRP to 0.2 XRP. The announcement was published on 2024-12-12. The fee-voting documentation explains how reserve settings can be adjusted.
- Query an XRPL server that is connected and current using
server_info. In its validated-ledger data, readreserve_base_xrpandreserve_inc_xrp. The official server_info reference describes these fields. - Read the account’s
OwnerCountfrom its account data. The AccountRoot reference describes the account fields. - For a normal, unsponsored account, multiply OwnerCount by the current owner increment and add the current base reserve.
- Check separately for sponsorship, special object rules, and transaction costs; do not assume the arithmetic alone captures every account-specific detail.
The FeeSettings reference describes reserve amounts in drops in the FeeSettings ledger entry. Applications can also receive reserve_base and reserve_inc through ledger stream updates documented in subscribe. Use values from a validated ledger on a server that is current; a stale or disconnected server may not reflect the network’s latest settings.
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Mainnet is not every XRP Ledger network
The 1 XRP base reserve and 0.2 XRP owner increment discussed here are the currently documented Mainnet values. Other networks or deployments may use different settings. Check the specific network’s live ledger values rather than carrying Mainnet figures over to a test network or another deployment.
Why older XRP reserve figures still appear
Before the change effective 2024-12-02, the announced Mainnet reserve settings were 10 XRP for the base reserve and 2 XRP per owned object. The XRP Ledger Foundation’s announcement, published 2024-12-12, records the reduction to 1 XRP and 0.2 XRP. Since validators can adjust reserves, even the newer documented values should be checked against a current validated ledger when calculating what an account needs now.
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