ZoomEye queries run on September 16, 2026, reportedly found 40,917 assets responding on port 502 and 161,769 on port 102—a combined 202,686 observations. That is a count of internet-visible services in one platform’s dataset, not a count of vulnerable PLCs, compromised systems, or affected facilities. For operators, the useful next step is to check whether any observed exposure belongs to their organization and whether it has an operational reason to be public.
What the 202,686 figure counts
The count was reported by The Clarity Today as the result of two ZoomEye queries collected on September 16, 2026: 40,917 assets on port 502 and 161,769 on port 102. The arithmetic total is 202,686. The underlying article was listed as published September 17, 2026.
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Port 502 is conventionally associated with Modbus, while port 102 is associated with Siemens S7/S7comm. A result indicates an asset observed answering on one of those ports in ZoomEye’s dataset. The available reporting does not establish the exact query syntax, scan window, deduplication method, or full fingerprint criteria, so the total should be treated as a dated platform observation rather than a census.
What an exposed port does—and does not—show
A reachable service is evidence of network visibility. By itself, it does not establish that the response came from a distinct PLC or facility, that the device is vulnerable or compromised, or that it controls a live or important process. A related September 2026 ZoomEye measurement makes the distinction explicitly: a record is an observed service on an address, not necessarily a distinct facility; a fingerprint match is not a vulnerability confirmation; and protocol exposure alone does not establish process exposure.
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That distinction matters in both directions. The count is a reason for asset owners to verify their own exposure, not evidence that every result is dangerous. Conversely, an uncertain fingerprint does not make an unexpectedly reachable industrial service acceptable; its owner still needs to determine what it is and whether public access is required.
Why Modbus and S7 reachability merits attention
A secondary account of the reported findings says authentication is absent from the base Modbus and S7 specifications. The protocol specifications were not available for direct verification here, and implementations can differ in the security controls they add. Do not assume that every service on either port has identical behavior or lacks every form of access control.
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The practical concern is narrower: if an industrial service is reachable from the public internet and has no documented need to be there, an organization should validate the exposure and restrict it. A port number alone cannot tell an outsider whether a particular endpoint can read data, change settings, or affect a process.
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How operators should verify and reduce exposure
CISA Internet Exposure Reduction Guidance, as summarized by Industrial Cyber, recommends identifying externally accessible assets, investigating unexpected open ports, and closing or restricting services without an operational need. Apply that work only to systems and address space your organization owns or is authorized to assess.
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- Due to its fast communication, stability, reliability, and safety, it is an ideal choice for industrial control equipments and/or applications with high communication requirement.
- USB to RS485 communication. Adopt original FT232RL and SP485EEN, fast communicating, stable and reliable, better compatibility. 3 LEDs for indicating the power and transceiver status.
- Onboard TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor), effectively suppress surge voltage and transient spike voltage in the circuit, lllgthningproof & anti-electrostatic.
- Onboard self-recovery fuse and protection diodes, ensures the current/voltage stable outputs, provides over-current/over-voltage proof, improves shock resistance.
- Build the authorized scope. Reconcile the organization’s known public address space with its asset inventory. Include exposure introduced through vendors, legacy infrastructure, or systems managed outside the central IT team.
- Check unexpected observations. Compare exposure records with internal inventory and ownership data. Establish whether a result is actually an organizational asset and whether the response is a port-level observation or a more specific protocol fingerprint.
- Confirm operational need. Ask the system owner and relevant operations personnel whether the service must be reachable from outside. Record the business and safety requirements before changing a production network path.
- Remove unnecessary public paths. Where direct internet access is not needed, close the exposure or restrict access through an approved remote-access route. Validate the change with the asset owner and confirm that required operations continue to work.
- Repeat the check. Record the date, scope, and method of each authorized review. Reconcile changes against the inventory so new vendor, legacy, or network changes do not silently recreate public exposure.
Discovery tools mentioned in guidance are examples, not a government endorsement. Regardless of tool, a sound workflow distinguishes an observed response from a confirmed asset, verifies ownership internally, and connects findings to a specific remediation decision.
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How to read exposure counts responsibly
- Keep the date attached: the reported numbers describe queries run on September 16, 2026, not a live or timeless total.
- Keep the unit attached: the reported unit is an observed asset or service record, not a verified facility or controller count.
- Separate exposure from impact: the count does not demonstrate vulnerability, compromise, attack activity, or process disruption.
- Use it to prompt authorized validation: compare findings with owned address space and internal asset records; do not scan third-party systems without permission.
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