Short answer: NPCI’s ordinary UPI ceiling is up to ₹1 lakh per transaction, not a universal daily allowance. Banks and payment apps can impose lower internal limits. Certain categories have higher NPCI ceilings, including up to ₹2 lakh for capital markets, collections, insurance and foreign inward remittances, and up to ₹5 lakh for IPO and Retail Direct Scheme transactions. The Ministry of Finance says consumers pay no UPI transaction charge and person-to-person transfers remain free. Merchants are treated separately: a Ministry schedule dated 15 September 2026 says covered person-to-merchant payments above ₹2,000 will generally attract 0.4% MDR, capped at ₹300 for transactions of ₹75,000 or more, with exemptions and sector-specific rates. That schedule was announced to take effect on 15 October 2026; verify the current implementation and your acquiring contract.
What is the UPI transaction limit?
The standard UPI limit published by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) is up to ₹1 lakh per transaction. This is a ceiling for an ordinary UPI payment, not a promise that every bank account, app or transaction type will permit the full amount.
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Do not confuse the per-transaction ceiling with a daily limit. The cited NPCI material does not set one universal daily amount for every user. A bank or app may apply a daily aggregate cap, a number-of-transactions limit, a cooling-off period for newly added beneficiaries, or a lower per-payment limit. Your practical limit is whichever applicable control is lower.
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| Transaction category | NPCI ceiling described in the FAQ | Important qualification |
|---|---|---|
| Ordinary UPI transaction | Up to ₹1 lakh per transaction | Bank or app may set a lower internal limit. |
| Capital markets, collections, insurance and foreign inward remittances | Up to ₹2 lakh per transaction | Applies only to the specified categories, not to all UPI payments. |
| IPO and Retail Direct Scheme transactions | Up to ₹5 lakh per transaction | Category-specific ceiling; eligibility and transaction controls still apply. |
These higher figures are not a general increase for shopping, bill payments or person-to-person transfers. The payment purpose, merchant classification and the bank’s implementation must match the relevant category.
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Limits added for specified merchant and tax categories
NPCI circular OC 185B, dated 28 August 2025, introduced enhanced limits for specified categories aligned with tax payments and other listed merchant uses. It requires verified merchants, compliance by acquiring members with applicable NPCI rules, and permits member banks to set internal limits within NPCI ceilings. The circular’s annex contains the category-by-category figures, so a merchant or customer planning a large payment should verify the exact category and amount there rather than assume that the ₹2 lakh or ₹5 lakh ceiling applies.
The same circular says person-to-person limits remain governed by existing guidance. In practice, a large P2P transfer can therefore be blocked even when a similar amount is permitted for a qualifying merchant category.
Is there a UPI limit per day?
There is no single daily UPI number that applies to every Indian account. “Daily limit” can mean at least three different controls:
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- Per-transaction cap: the maximum value of one payment, such as the ordinary ₹1 lakh NPCI ceiling.
- Bank or app daily aggregate: the total value or number of UPI payments allowed during the bank’s operating day.
- Risk or account controls: temporary restrictions after a password, device, SIM, PIN, beneficiary or account change.
Two customers using different banks can therefore see different limits, and the same customer can have different limits for P2P, P2M, IPO, tax or other categories.
How to check your actual limit
- Open your bank’s official mobile app or the UPI app linked to your account.
- Go to the UPI, payments, bank-account or security-settings area and look for transaction limits, daily limits or account limits. Labels vary by provider.
- Check both the per-transaction amount and the remaining daily allowance. A displayed limit may be reduced after earlier payments that day.
- Confirm whether the payment is P2P or P2M and whether it belongs to a special category such as an IPO or tax payment.
- If the limit is not shown, contact the issuing bank through its official support channel. The bank, rather than the QR code or recipient, controls the account-level limit.
Do not split a payment merely to bypass a bank or NPCI control. Multiple attempts can trigger fraud protections, and a merchant may not accept partial payments. Ask the bank or merchant how the payment should be completed instead.
Are customers charged for UPI payments?
The Ministry of Finance stated on 8 August 2026: Consumers making payments will not face any transaction charges.
The same release says all person-to-person transactions will remain free. On that basis, an ordinary customer should not be billed a UPI transaction fee simply for sending money to another person or paying a merchant.
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NPCI’s FAQ separately says customers and PPI holders are not charged for the PPI-on-UPI transactions covered by its interoperability guidance. That is a narrower statement about PPI-on-UPI use; the Ministry statement is the broader consumer-charge position.
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“No UPI transaction charge” does not guarantee that every service connected with payments is free. A bank or provider could have separate contractual terms for account services, software, settlement, hardware, reconciliation or other products. Those terms are different from a fee charged to a customer for making the UPI payment itself.
What is UPI MDR and who pays it?
MDR (merchant discount rate) is a merchant-side charge associated with accepting a person-to-merchant payment. Under the Ministry of Finance framework described in a Department of Financial Services FAQ dated 15 September 2026, MDR cannot be passed on to UPI customers. The merchant-side treatment is therefore separate from the customer’s zero-transaction-charge position.
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The FAQ says the following schedule takes effect on 15 October 2026. The source material was checked on 13 October 2026, two days before that stated start date, so treat these figures as the announced schedule and confirm current implementation with the acquiring provider.
| Covered transaction or merchant status | Scheduled MDR treatment | Threshold or cap |
|---|---|---|
| General covered P2M | 0.4% | Applies above ₹2,000; capped at ₹300 for a transaction of ₹75,000 or more. |
| General covered P2M up to ₹2,000 | Zero MDR under the schedule | The FAQ says more than 95% of UPI P2M volume is at or below this value. |
| Named sectors including railways, telecom, insurance and fuel | Flat ₹5 | For covered transactions above ₹2,000. |
| Capital-market transactions | 0.02% | Capped at ₹300. |
| P2PM merchant receiving up to ₹1 lakh per month through UPI QR directly into its account | Zero MDR | Classification and monthly receipt conditions apply. |
How the general rate works
At 0.4%, a covered ₹10,000 payment produces a ₹40 MDR calculation. A ₹75,000 payment reaches ₹300, and the ₹300 cap prevents the charge from rising above that amount for transactions at or above ₹75,000 under the stated schedule. A payment of ₹2,000 or less falls in the no-MDR band described by the FAQ.
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Small P2PM merchants
The FAQ says merchants classified as P2PM and receiving up to ₹1 lakh per month through a UPI QR directly into their account continue at zero MDR. Classification determines whether the rule applies. A single payment above ₹2,000 does not, by itself, remove a merchant from an exempt P2PM classification under the described framework. The merchant should confirm its classification, monthly threshold measurement and settlement arrangement with its acquiring provider.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.P2P and P2M: the two cases to distinguish
| Question | Person-to-person (P2P) | Person-to-merchant (P2M) |
|---|---|---|
| Typical use | Sending money to another individual. | Paying a shop, service, biller or other business. |
| Limit | Ordinary NPCI ceiling is up to ₹1 lakh per transaction, subject to bank controls. | Ordinary ceiling also depends on the transaction category, merchant verification and bank controls; some special categories have higher ceilings. |
| Customer charge | Ministry says P2P remains free. | Ministry says consumers do not face UPI transaction charges. |
| Merchant MDR | There is no merchant receiving the payment. | Merchant classification, threshold, sector and the scheduled MDR rules determine treatment. |
What merchants should verify before accepting UPI
NPCI says a merchant partners with an acquiring bank to begin accepting UPI. Funds reach the merchant account or a pool account according to the agreement. The MDR schedule does not replace that commercial agreement.
- Eligibility and classification: Confirm whether the business is P2PM, another P2M category, a named special sector or a capital-market merchant.
- Settlement destination and timing: Check whether money settles directly to the operating account or through a pool account, and when settlement occurs.
- Threshold measurement: Ask how the ₹1 lakh monthly P2PM condition is calculated and when the provider reviews it.
- Integration and reconciliation: Confirm QR or API onboarding, refund handling, reports and settlement reconciliation.
- Contractual charges: Separate MDR from onboarding, software, hardware, support, settlement or other service fees in the agreement.
- Effective-date handling: Ask how the provider applies the schedule stated to begin on 15 October 2026 and how category changes are communicated.
Do not advertise “all merchant costs are zero” merely because a particular MDR band is zero. Provider-specific terms were not established by the Ministry’s consumer statement.
Why a payment can fail below the published ceiling
A declined payment does not necessarily mean UPI is unavailable. Common explanations include:
- The bank’s internal per-transaction or daily limit is lower than the NPCI ceiling.
- You have already used part of the day’s allowance.
- The payment is being routed under a category with a different ceiling or requires a verified merchant.
- The account, device, SIM, UPI PIN or beneficiary was recently changed and a temporary security restriction applies.
- The issuer, acquiring bank, merchant account or UPI service is experiencing a temporary technical problem.
- The amount exceeds the merchant’s configured acceptance limit even though your bank would otherwise allow it.
Record the exact decline message, amount, time and recipient type. Check the bank or app’s displayed limits, wait for a temporary security hold to expire if the app specifies one, and contact the issuing bank for account-limit or PIN issues. For a merchant QR failure, the merchant should also contact its acquiring bank; changing the customer’s app will not fix a merchant-side configuration problem.
What to remember about the dates
The ordinary NPCI ceiling and category-specific limits come from NPCI FAQ and circular material. The consumer no-charge statement comes from the Ministry of Finance release dated 8 August 2026. The detailed MDR figures come from the Department of Financial Services FAQ dated 15 September 2026, which states an effective date of 15 October 2026. Because policy, circulars, merchant classifications and bank limits can change, check the latest notice and your bank or acquiring agreement before relying on a large-value payment or quoting a merchant rate.
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