The Supreme Court has given Bihar a final eight weeks to remove unauthorised structures and encroachments from the Ganga floodplain between Nauzar Ghat and Nurpur in Patna. The order, dated 28 September 2026, warns that failure to comply could lead to summons for the state’s Chief Secretary and four other authorities, as well as further contempt proceedings.
What the Supreme Court ordered
The Court said the state had only partially complied with its earlier directions. It directed Bihar to complete removal within eight weeks and submit a full compliance report at the next hearing. The order says no further time will be granted.
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“We grant for one last time, eight weeks’ time period to comply with our directions, failing which, we shall have to summon the Chief Secretary of the State of Bihar and other 4 authorities before us and we may also proceed further with contempt.” Read the Supreme Court order dated 28 September 2026.
The matter was listed for 8 October 2026 at 3:00 p.m. The order’s listing date is not itself confirmation of what happened at that hearing or of any later compliance outcome.
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Where the removal directions apply
The specified stretch of Ganga floodplain runs from Nauzar Ghat to Nurpur in Patna, Bihar. The order concerns unauthorised structures and encroachments in that area; it does not decide the boundary or ownership status of every individual parcel.
Why Bihar sought more time
On 28 September, Bihar’s Advocate General told the Court that the directions had been only partially complied with. He attributed the delay to a rise in the Ganga’s level after a natural calamity in Nepal, which he said submerged the area and impeded removal work. This is the state’s explanation recorded in the order, not an independent finding by the Court about the cause or current conditions at the site. The order records the submission.
What happens if Bihar does not comply
If the state misses the final extension, the Court said it may summon the Chief Secretary and four other authorities and may proceed further with contempt. These are potential consequences stated in the order, not a finding that contempt has already been established.
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Intervenors who say their structures stand on their own land outside the floodplain may make representations to the competent authority. The Court specified that the representation must include:
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- Title documents for the land; and
- Any sanctioned or otherwise authorised building permission.
The order says a representation without those materials will not be considered. It does not decide the merits of individual ownership claims, and it does not say that filing a representation automatically pauses removal.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.How the case reached this point
The dispute is part of Civil Appeal No. 3367 of 2020, which challenges the National Green Tribunal’s dismissal, on 30 June 2020, of an application concerning alleged Ganga floodplain encroachments in Patna. The NGT had dismissed the application as lacking particulars of the violations and violators, according to the Supreme Court’s procedural account. The Supreme Court’s 12 March 2026 case document recounts earlier directions involving state reporting, a Patna district survey report, and the use of historical survey maps and revenue records. That procedural history does not establish that every survey step was completed or settle any specific parcel boundary.
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