Several large and regional U.S. banks reported higher profits for the second quarter of 2026, but their net interest margin (NIM) results did not move in one direction. JPMorgan Chase’s reported net income jumped 41%, including substantial investment-related gains; Bank of America’s net income and net interest income rose; Fifth Third’s NIM expanded sequentially; and M&T’s was unchanged from the prior quarter. First Busey’s adjusted NIM was higher year over year but lower sequentially. The results show why profit growth and margin pressure can coexist—but not that margins weakened across the banking sector.
What the Q2 results show
This is a sample of results from five major and regional U.S. banks, not a census of the banking sector. The releases cover the second quarter of 2026, published between July 14 and July 28. Comparisons matter: a year-over-year increase can coexist with a sequential decline, and reported net income may include gains that a bank excludes from its adjusted measure.
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| Bank | Profit or income measure | NIM comparison |
|---|---|---|
| JPMorgan Chase | Net income of $21.2 billion, up 41%; $16.9 billion excluding significant items, up 13% | No NIM figure included here |
| Bank of America | Net income of $9.1 billion versus $7.2 billion, up 27%; net interest income (NII) of $16.0 billion, up 9% | No NIM figure included here |
| Fifth Third | No profit figure included here | Expanded 6 basis points sequentially |
| M&T | No profit figure included here | 3.70%, unchanged sequentially; 3.62% in Q2 2025 |
| First Busey | Record wealth-management fee income | Adjusted NIM of 3.62%, up 29 basis points year over year and down 2 basis points sequentially |
NIM measures the spread between interest income earned on assets and interest paid on funding, relative to a bank’s earning assets. A basis point is one-hundredth of a percentage point. NII is the dollar amount of interest income less interest expense; it is related to, but not interchangeable with, NIM.
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Why profit can rise even when margins face pressure
A bank’s earnings reflect more than the yield spread captured by NIM. Changes in loan and deposit balances, the cost of deposits, asset repricing, trading and fee income, expenses, and credit costs can all affect results. A one-off gain can also lift reported income. These factors offer a way to read each bank’s results, not a universal explanation for every bank’s performance.
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JPMorgan Chase: separate reported earnings from the company’s adjusted figure
JPMorgan Chase reported Q2 net income of $21.2 billion, up 41% year over year. Its release identified $4.6 billion of gains related to Visa shares and $1.0 billion of gains on certain equity investments. Excluding significant items, net income was $16.9 billion, up 13%. That $16.9 billion figure is the company’s measure excluding specified significant items, not reported net income on the same basis as the $21.2 billion headline.
The bank also described elevated market activity and reported growth in Markets revenue. Chairman and CEO Jamie Dimon said the results reflected “a particularly favorable environment with an elevated level of market activity, as well as rigorous execution, years of consistent investment and thoughtful capital deployment.” The quote accompanied the company’s Q2 2026 results; it should be read alongside the distinction between reported earnings and earnings excluding significant items.
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Bank of America: higher NII alongside revenue from several businesses
Bank of America reported net income of $9.1 billion, compared with $7.2 billion a year earlier, a 27% increase. NII was $16.0 billion, up 9%. The company attributed NII growth to Global Markets activity, higher loan and deposit balances, and fixed-rate asset repricing, partly offset by lower interest rates.
The bank also cited sales and trading revenue, asset-management fees, and investment-banking fees among factors lifting revenue. Its release reported credit-loss provision, expenses, deposits, loans, and a Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital measure, but the figures are not reproduced here; the profit and NII growth alone do not establish how those other measures changed.
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NIM movements depend on the bank and comparison period
Fifth Third: sequential expansion, with deposit costs also lower
Fifth Third said its NIM expanded 6 basis points from Q1 2026. Its interest-bearing deposit costs were 2.13%, down 2 basis points sequentially. The bank also reported net charge-offs of 30 basis points. These are distinct indicators: the NIM and deposit-cost changes are sequential comparisons, while the charge-off figure is a credit measure reported by the company.
M&T: flat sequentially, higher than a year earlier
M&T reported a Q2 NIM of 3.70%, unchanged from Q1 2026 and above 3.62% in Q2 2025. Its release says that, in connection with implementing a new general-ledger platform in Q2 2026, the bank modified how it calculated some annualized taxable-equivalent rates and interest-bearing liabilities, including certain average deposit balances. Previously reported amounts were adjusted to conform to the current presentation. That methodology change matters when interpreting direct comparisons with previously published figures.
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First Busey: year-over-year improvement, small sequential decline
First Busey’s adjusted NIM was 3.62%, 29 basis points higher than in Q2 2025 but 2 basis points lower than in Q1 2026. Calling the margin simply “up” or “down” would omit one of those comparison periods. The company also reported record wealth-management fee income, which is separate from interest-margin performance.
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For a fuller view of earnings quality, compare measures on the same basis and over the same period. The banks’ releases include different details, so not every item can be compared from the figures reported above.
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- Reported versus adjusted earnings: Identify what a company excludes from an adjusted figure. JPMorgan’s $16.9 billion measure excludes significant items, including the gains it identified; it is not the same measure as reported net income.
- NIM period and definition: Note whether a change is sequential or year over year, and whether the company reports an adjusted or taxable-equivalent measure. M&T’s methodology update is relevant to some historical comparisons.
- Credit: Read provisions for credit losses, net charge-offs, and nonaccrual indicators together where available. Fifth Third reported net charge-offs of 30 basis points; that figure alone does not describe every aspect of credit quality.
- Funding and balance-sheet growth: Deposit costs and loan and deposit balances can help explain changes in interest income and expense. Bank of America cited higher balances and fixed-rate asset repricing as contributors to NII growth; Fifth Third reported lower sequential interest-bearing deposit costs.
- Noninterest revenue, expenses, and capital: Trading, investment-banking, and asset-management activity can add revenue independently of NIM. Expense trends and capital measures, such as CET1, provide additional context but should be compared using each bank’s definitions.
Across these results, higher profit does not by itself prove that margin pressure has eased, and a margin decline in one period does not mean profits must fall. The explanation depends on each bank’s mix of interest income and funding costs, fee and market activity, expenses, credit costs, balance-sheet growth, and any gains included in reported earnings.
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