If Hindi characters disappear or render incorrectly in a PDFCrowd PDF, check three things in order: the HTML’s encoding, whether PDFCrowd can fetch the font, and whether that font supports Devanagari. Missing boxes often point to font coverage or loading; scrambled characters more often suggest an encoding problem. These are clues, not a diagnosis—use PDFCrowd’s debug log to identify failed resource requests.
1. Identify the kind of rendering failure
Look at the PDF, not just the HTML preview. A browser may have a font cached locally that PDFCrowd cannot access.
- Empty boxes or missing characters: check whether the selected font contains Devanagari glyphs and whether the converter loaded it.
- Scrambled or corrupted text (mojibake): check the document’s character encoding and how the HTML is passed to the converter.
- Incorrect vowel marks or conjuncts: first confirm that the font loaded and encoding is correct. If those checks pass, the remaining issue may involve complex-text shaping; the PDFCrowd documentation cited here does not establish that every Devanagari sequence is supported.
These symptoms help narrow the investigation, but they do not prove the cause. Check the conversion log and test a small sample containing the characters that fail.
2. Confirm the HTML uses UTF-8
For HTML documents, declare UTF-8 in the document head:
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<meta charset="UTF-8">PDFCrowd documents setDefaultEncoding() for cases where automatic encoding detection fails, such as HTML without a proper charset declaration or with an incorrect one. The method index identifies UTF-8 as the choice for modern content. Use this setting only when detection is failing and the output is corrupted; changing encoding will not add missing font glyphs. See the PDFCrowd API Method Index.
3. Choose a font that covers Devanagari
A font intended for Latin text may not contain the Hindi characters your page needs. As a practical test, use Noto Sans Devanagari, which the Google Fonts project describes as designed for Devanagari and supporting Hindi. Its project description lists 954 glyphs and 272 supported characters across six Unicode blocks. Those are font specifications, not results from a PDFCrowd test, and do not guarantee that every sequence will render correctly in your conversion.
Test the font with representative text from your page, including ordinary letters, vowel marks and conjuncts. If the font is remotely hosted, verify that the converter can retrieve it as described below.
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4. Make sure PDFCrowd can load the font
PDFCrowd’s custom-font FAQ says to define custom fonts with CSS @font-face. The font server must return the response header Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *. A declaration can look like this; replace the example URL with the actual public font-file URL and use the correct format for that file:
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font-family: "Noto Sans Devanagari";
src: url("https://example.com/fonts/noto-sans-devanagari.woff2") format("woff2");
font-weight: 100 900;
font-style: normal;
}
body {
font-family: "Noto Sans Devanagari", sans-serif;
}The example shows the CSS pattern, not a PDFCrowd-tested font URL. Confirm that your font URL is correct, publicly reachable by the converter, and served with the required header. See PDFCrowd’s custom-font FAQ.
5. Check how you supply the HTML and its assets
When HTML is submitted through PDFCrowd’s convertFile... or convertString... methods, relative URLs can prevent external stylesheets, images or JavaScript from loading. Assets on localhost or an intranet may also be unreachable to the converter. Apply the same access check to the stylesheet that declares your font and to the font file itself.
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PDFCrowd documents these workarounds:
- Bundle the HTML and its assets in a ZIP file.
- Use public, absolute URLs for assets the converter must fetch.
- Use relative URLs with a
<base>element pointing to the appropriate base URL.
Turn on debug logging to check whether the stylesheet or font request failed instead of inferring it from the final PDF. PDFCrowd describes this resource-loading problem and its workarounds in its FAQ.
6. Check remote-font settings and conversion logs
PDFCrowd’s method index says setDisableRemoteFonts() disables fonts from remote sources and falls back to system fonts. If your intended font is hosted remotely, check that this option is not enabled. A fallback font may change the appearance or omit the glyphs you expect.
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7. Regenerate and test the exact Hindi text
- Make a minimal HTML file containing the UTF-8 declaration, the font rule and a short sample of the characters that failed.
- Convert it using the same PDFCrowd method and settings as the original document.
- Inspect ordinary Devanagari letters, vowel marks and conjuncts in the resulting PDF.
- If the sample still fails, review the debug log and verify that the intended font and stylesheet were retrieved.
If encoding is correct and the font loaded, but complex sequences still render incorrectly, do not assume that switching fonts alone will fix the conversion. The cited PDFCrowd pages do not establish a guarantee for every Devanagari shaping case. Send PDFCrowd support the minimal reproducible HTML and its debug log so the issue can be investigated without assuming a converter defect.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Will adding setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8") fix missing Devanagari glyphs?
Not if the problem is that the font lacks the characters or could not be loaded. The encoding option addresses corrupted output when automatic encoding detection fails.
Does using Noto Sans Devanagari guarantee correct Hindi rendering in PDFCrowd?
No. It is a relevant Devanagari font to test, but the cited PDFCrowd documentation does not guarantee correct shaping for every Devanagari sequence.
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