In its conventional chemical meaning, liquid glass—also called waterglass—is an alkaline solution of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, or both, dissolved in water. It has no single universal recipe: the type and proportion of alkali, the silica-to-alkali ratio, and the solution’s concentration vary by product. The name is also used for formulated silicate coatings and, in newer materials research, for curable precursors that can be converted into silica glass.
What conventional liquid glass contains
Waterglass is made from soluble alkali silicates in water. Commercial products commonly use sodium silicate; some use potassium silicate or a mixture. The phrase “sodium silicate” describes a family of compositions rather than one fixed molecular recipe, so the label “liquid glass” alone does not tell you the product’s exact proportions or concentration.
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One useful specification is the silicate modulus: the ratio of silicon oxide to sodium oxide in a sodium silicate product. A supplier’s 2023 specifications define the modulus this way and give ranges of 1.5–3.6 for its sodium liquid glass, with density of 1.30–1.50 kg/dm³. Those figures apply to that supplier’s products, not to every waterglass solution. Запоріжсклофлюс’s liquid-glass specifications
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Outbyte PC Repair FREEClear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →Outbyte Driver Updater FREEScan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →Concentration matters as well as modulus. Two solutions sold under the same broad name can differ in how much silicate they contain and in their handling or intended use. To identify a particular product, look for its composition, concentration or solids content, modulus where provided, and product grade rather than relying on the name alone.
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- Made of silica dioxide (Si02) which is essentially microscopic particles of glass suspended in a liquid solution. Fills in the imperfections of the screen and adds an additional layer of glass (should not be used to repair broken screens. Does not fix existing scratches or damages).
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Three different materials called “liquid glass”
| Meaning | What it contains or describes | How to read the name |
|---|---|---|
| Waterglass solution | Sodium silicate, potassium silicate, or both dissolved in water | The conventional chemical meaning; exact ratios and concentration vary. |
| Silicate coating | A silicate binder formulated with ingredients such as pigments, fillers, or other compounds | A coating product is not necessarily plain waterglass solution. |
| Silica-convertible precursor | A curable material designed to be shaped and then converted into silica glass | A newer materials-research usage, distinct from ordinary waterglass. |
A chemistry reference defines liquid glass as an aqueous sodium and/or potassium silicate and identifies sodium silicate solution as its common commercial form. MEL Chemistry’s liquid-glass reference
Why a coating may have a different formula
Silicate coatings use liquid glass as a binder, but a finished coating can include other materials to meet its intended performance or appearance. A 2023 review examines modified sodium- and potassium-liquid-glass systems for anticorrosive coatings, illustrating why the ingredients in a coating should not be treated as the formula of raw waterglass. 2023 review of modified liquid glasses for anticorrosive coatings
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- Liquid Glass by ProofTech is an advanced technology, invisible, wipe-on screen protector that bonds to the glass of your device offering enhanced scratch, moisture, and impact resistance.
- Made of silica dioxide (Si02) which is essentially microscopic particles of glass suspended in a liquid solution. Fills in the imperfections of the screen and adds an additional layer of glass (should not be used to repair broken screens. Does not fix existing scratches or damages).
- Adds an additional extremely thin layer of glass that is highly scratch & shatter resistant and increases the glass' strength to 9 H hardness level. (Does Not fix or repair existing damages)
- Easy, bubble free wipe-on application with a universal fit; ideal for curved screens and tablets.
- Universal: Compatible with all mobile devices, phones, tablets and smart watches, cameras, touch screens, TV screens, computer screens. 100% Compatible with fingerprint readers or sensors.
Formulation findings are specific to the materials studied. For example, a 2018 case study reports that adding silica additives to liquid-glass solution increased the silicate modulus in the compositions it examined, and discusses sol-silicate paint formulations. It does not establish that every additive or commercial coating changes modulus in the same way. 2018 case study on sol-silicate wall-decoration compositions
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In research on making microstructured silica glass, “liquid glass” can refer to a curable precursor system that is shaped before conversion into silica. A 2026 review groups these systems into three broad classes:
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- Made of silica dioxide (Si02) which is essentially microscopic particles of glass suspended in a liquid solution. Fills in the imperfections of the screen and adds an additional layer of glass (should not be used to repair broken screens. Does not fix existing scratches or damages).
- Easy, bubble free application with a universal fit; ideal for curved screens and tablets. Simple, wipe-on DIY.
- Completely harmless and invisible once applied.
- Universal: Compatible with all mobile devices, phones, foldable phones, television screens, desktop computer screens, tablets and smart watches such as Galaxy S24, S24 Ultra, S24+ Plus, Apple iPhone 15, 15 Pro, 15 Pro Max, 15 Mini, Google Pixel 7, Galaxy Note 20 Ultra, Galaxy Z Flip 5, Galaxy Z Fold 5, Galaxy Note 10 Plus, Galaxy S10+, iPhone XR, Galaxy S20FE, all iPad Versions, all Apple and Samsung devices. Excellent with curved screens and foldable screens. Does not affect fingerprint
- Organic–inorganic nanocomposites containing silica nanoparticles.
- Sol–gel systems based on molecular precursors.
- Polysiloxane- or siloxane-based polymers.
These are precursor materials for a manufacturing process, not simply another name for a bottle of aqueous sodium silicate. 2026 review of polymerizable silica precursors
Liquid waterglass is not finished glass
Finished soda-lime and borosilicate glass have compositions that should not be used as a recipe for liquid waterglass. A 2023 study reports soda-lime-silica glass at 70–75 wt% SiO₂, 12–16 wt% Na₂O, and 10–15 wt% CaO. For borosilicate glass, it reports 70–80 wt% SiO₂ and 7–13 wt% B₂O₃. These percentages describe finished glass types, not an aqueous silicate solution. 2023 study of soda-lime-silica and borosilicate glass compositions
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How to check a specific product’s composition and handling
When choosing or using a product, distinguish raw solution from a formulated coating or a research precursor, then consult the product’s own documentation. Hazard information is grade-specific: MEL Chemistry lists severe skin burns and eye damage for the reagent described in its reference, but that statement should not be assumed to cover every product sold as liquid glass. Read the exact label and safety data sheet for the product in hand.
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- ProofTech Liquid Glass is a cutting-edge super durable, completely transparent liquid screen protector that bonds to the glass of your device offering greatly enhanced impact and shatter resistance. Creates an invisible protective coating that increases the devices screen to 9H hardness level.
- Made of silica dioxide (Si02) which is essentially microscopic particles of glass suspended in a liquid solution. Fills in the imperfections of the screen and adds an additional layer of glass (should not be used to repair broken screens. Does not fix existing scratches or damages).
- Easy, bubble free application with a universal fit; ideal for curved screens and tablets. Simple, wipe-on DIY.
- Does not affect or interfere with fingerprint sensors.Completely harmless and invisible once applied . Reduces radiation by 80%
- Universal: Compatible with all mobile devices, phones, tablets and smart watches. Excellent with curved screens and foldable screens as well.
- Check whether the product is sodium silicate, potassium silicate, a mixture, or a coating formulation.
- Look for concentration or solids content, density, and silicate modulus where the supplier provides them.
- Match the grade to its stated intended use; similarly named products are not necessarily interchangeable.
- Follow the product-specific label and safety data sheet for handling and protective measures.
Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.
