Give an AI agent a controlled tool that fetches each public page and extracts its Open Graph metadata; have your application—not the model alone—validate the URL list, set request limits, and collect one result per URL. This guide shows a practical custom-agent workflow, a suggested result format, safeguards, and an option for generating visual screenshots as well as metadata.
What the agent should produce
Open Graph metadata describes a page as a shareable object. The Open Graph protocol says the four required properties are og:title, og:type, og:image, and og:url (Open Graph protocol specification). A useful preview usually displays the title, image, and description; retain the type and object URL in the data record too.
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og:description is optional, as are context fields such as og:site_name and locale. An image may have associated properties including secure URL, MIME type, dimensions, and alternative text. The specification recommends og:image:alt when an image is specified.
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A page can declare multiple og:image values. Keep them in document order: the protocol gives the first value preference when values conflict. Associate structured properties such as image width or alt text with the preceding image root tag. Retaining all candidates lets your renderer choose another image when the first is unusable.
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Choose the fetching boundary
Use an agent for decisions and orchestration, but make retrieval and parsing a defined tool boundary. For example, the tool can accept one validated URL and return parsed metadata plus a status. The application can call that tool once per input URL, or use a metadata extraction API. The OpenAI Agents SDK is a code-first option for building agents with tools; its tools guide describes tools for fetching data and calling external APIs.
OpenGraph.io documents an MCP service for extracting Open Graph metadata and social-preview information. That is a vendor-described capability, not an independent comparison. Check its current behavior, limits, pricing, terms, and data handling before choosing it. The available documentation does not establish a batch endpoint or a particular throughput, price, or accuracy for either approach.
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Build a list-to-preview workflow
- Validate the input list. Accept only the protocols your app needs, normally HTTP and HTTPS. Set application-defined limits for list size, request duration, response bytes, redirects, and permitted destinations. Do not assume every URL is safe or reachable.
- Fetch each URL through a dedicated tool. The tool should follow only permitted redirects and return the final URL it reached. Keep this network operation outside the agent’s unrestricted control.
- Parse the HTML metadata. Extract Open Graph tags in source order, including all image candidates and their associated structured properties. Record missing tags rather than silently substituting values.
- Return one result per input. Keep failures local to the affected URL so an inaccessible page does not erase successful results for the rest of the list.
- Render cards using explicit fallbacks. Your application can use a page title or another chosen fallback when a tag is absent, but mark it as a fallback. The protocol does not prescribe a fallback algorithm, and a generated card is not a guarantee that a social network will render the same preview.
Suggested result shape
This is an application schema suggestion, not a response format promised by any API:
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"input_url": "https://example.com/article",
"resolved_url": "https://www.example.com/article",
"title": "Example article",
"description": "A short summary for the preview.",
"type": "article",
"canonical_url": "https://www.example.com/article",
"images": [
{
"url": "https://www.example.com/preview.jpg",
"secure_url": null,
"type": "image/jpeg",
"width": 1200,
"height": 630,
"alt": "Description of the image"
}
],
"status": "ok"
}Define your own status vocabulary, for example ok, no_metadata, fetch_error, and parse_error. Include a concise error detail where useful, but avoid storing credentials or sensitive query strings in diagnostic logs.
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Keep arbitrary URL fetching safe
URL fetching has a security consequence beyond ordinary parsing: an attacker can try to make an agent request a URL that exposes sensitive information, and requested URLs may appear in server logs. OpenAI’s January 28, 2026 article, “Keeping your data safe when an AI agent clicks a link,” describes checking whether the exact URL has been independently observed on the public web before allowing automatic retrieval. That safeguard does not prove page content is trustworthy or remove every browsing risk.
Controls to implement in your application
- Reject unsupported schemes and validate hosts before requests.
- Block internal, loopback, and link-local network destinations, and re-check destinations after redirects.
- Set timeouts, response-size limits, and a redirect cap so a slow or oversized response cannot consume unbounded resources.
- Treat fetched page text and metadata as untrusted input. Do not let page content issue instructions to the agent or trigger unrelated tools.
- Keep secrets out of URLs. Log enough sanitized detail to diagnose failures without recording sensitive query parameters or user data.
- For workflows that do not need to fetch arbitrary links, consider allowing only a known set of domains or requiring independent evidence that a URL is public.
Turn metadata into a useful preview
Keep extraction separate from presentation. The extracted record should preserve what the page declared; the renderer can then select an image and apply your product’s fallback rules. Display a clear missing-image or missing-description state instead of suggesting that a preview is complete when its source tags are absent.
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Some sites may block automated requests, return incomplete metadata, or serve different HTML depending on the request. JavaScript-rendered pages can also require a browser-rendering step rather than a simple HTML fetch. Decide whether your use case needs only metadata or a visual capture of the rendered page; they are related but distinct outputs. Do not promise that your card matches a particular platform’s preview without checking that platform’s behavior.
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Troubleshoot common failures
- No title or image found: The page may omit the corresponding Open Graph tags, or the fetch response may not contain the expected HTML. Record the missing field and inspect the returned document before applying a labeled fallback.
- Several images appear: Preserve their source order and associated structured metadata. Select a later candidate only through an explicit renderer rule, rather than discarding the alternatives during parsing.
- The final URL differs from the input: Record both. Confirm that each redirect target passes your destination checks before following it.
- A request times out or returns too much data: Apply bounded timeouts and response-size limits, then return a per-URL failure status. Adjust limits deliberately for your workload rather than allowing unbounded requests.
- The page is inaccessible to the fetch tool: The host may block automated traffic or require a browser-rendered session. Report a fetch failure; do not fabricate metadata from the URL alone.
- The output looks unlike a social platform card: Your renderer controls only its own card. Platform-specific display rules and platform-side fetching are outside what extracted tags alone can guarantee.
Or skip the browser setup
If the goal is a visual screenshot preview rather than only extracting tags, ScreenshotNeo provides a website screenshot API and MCP server. One GET request can return a PNG, JPEG, WebP, or PDF. For example, save a screenshot for each URL in your list with this cURL request, substituting the target URL and your API key:
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Frequently Asked Questions
Does an Open Graph preview require an image?
The Open Graph protocol lists og:image among its four required properties, but a page can still be missing it in practice; represent that missing value explicitly in your result.
Will the same metadata produce the same preview everywhere?
No. Extracted metadata is useful input, but it does not guarantee how a third-party platform will display a card.
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