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To update a Terraria server safely, run it on tModLoader, stop the server, back up the world and mod configuration, update tModLoader and the installed mods using the same method used for installation, then restart and test with clients on the same tModLoader branch and mod versions. A running process will not load new binaries or mod files until it is restarted.
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What a “mod update” actually changes
A dedicated tModLoader server has two separately changeable components:
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- The mod set: Workshop downloads, local mod files, the enabled-mod manifest and each mod’s dependencies.
Updating only one component is sometimes the right troubleshooting step. If a new runtime causes errors, you may need to keep the previous runtime while updating individual mods. If a mod has a bug, you may need to update the mod without changing tModLoader. The official server utility provides separate operations for both cases as well as a combined update.
| Operation | What it updates | When to use it |
|---|---|---|
install |
tModLoader and installed mods | Routine full update when the branch and mod set are expected to remain compatible |
install-mods |
Mods only | When the runtime is known to work and you are changing or refreshing mods |
install-tml |
tModLoader only | When testing a runtime change separately from mod changes |
Players must also be on a compatible tModLoader branch and have matching mod versions. A server can start successfully while a client is rejected because the client is on a different branch, has a different enabled set or has not finished downloading a newly updated Workshop mod.
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Prepare a safe maintenance window
Announce downtime and stop cleanly
Tell players when the server will be unavailable, then stop the server through its normal control method. Do not replace runtime or mod files while the process is still running or while players are saving characters and world data. New files are loaded on the next start, and replacing files during play can leave an incomplete update or a damaged world.
Back up every file needed for a rollback
Before changing anything, make a restorable copy of:
- Every world file used by the server.
- The complete
Modsdirectory, including local mods. install.txt, which lists Workshop items for installation.Mods/enabled.json, which records the mods that should be activated.- The server configuration, launch arguments and any password or port settings.
- For Docker, all host directories or volumes bind-mounted into the container, including worlds, manifests, configuration and mod data.
Keep the backup outside the directory that the update process will replace. Give it a date and record which copy is the pre-update state.
Record the current working state
Write down the current tModLoader branch or version, the enabled-mod list and any custom start options such as a non-default folder. This lets you identify exactly what changed and restore the prior state instead of guessing after a failed launch.
Choose the procedure that matches your installation
Use the method that originally installed the server. Mixing a package-managed installation with manual file replacement can leave the executable, libraries and mods on different versions.
- Official Dedicated Server Utils script: use this for installations obtained through SteamCMD or GitHub.
- Docker: rebuild the image and keep persistent Terraria data on the host-mounted storage.
- Manual or custom deployment: update the same runtime files and manifests you used originally, while preserving the backup and branch information above.
Update a SteamCMD or GitHub installation with the official script
The official Dedicated Server Utils documentation supports installing tModLoader from SteamCMD or GitHub. Run the commands from the directory containing manage-tModLoaderServer.sh, and use the account or permissions that normally run your server.
Update tModLoader and all installed mods
./manage-tModLoaderServer.sh installThis is the normal full-update command. It updates the runtime and then processes the mod installation and activation data available to the server.
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Update mods without changing the runtime
./manage-tModLoaderServer.sh install-modsUse this when you want to refresh Workshop or local mod files while keeping the currently working tModLoader runtime. The command needs both of the server’s manifests to do useful work: install.txt tells it which Workshop mods to install, and Mods/enabled.json tells it which mods to enable. If those files are absent, the utility installs nothing or enables nothing.
Update only tModLoader
./manage-tModLoaderServer.sh install-tmlThis isolates a runtime change. It is useful when a compatibility fix is required in tModLoader but you want to leave the mod files untouched while you test.
Start the server after the update
./manage-tModLoaderServer.sh startPass the same --folder option you used previously if the server lives in a custom location. Starting with a different folder can make a healthy update appear to have lost worlds or mods because the process is reading another data directory.
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Open install.txt and confirm that every intended Workshop item is present. Then inspect Mods/enabled.json and confirm that every mod you want active is listed. The enabled file must include the complete enabled set, including local mods; a local file that is present but absent from the manifest will not load merely because it is in the directory.
Update a Docker server
For a Docker deployment, updating the container definition and rebuilding the image is what retrieves newer tModLoader and mod files. From the directory containing your Compose file, run:
docker compose buildIf the builder reuses an old layer or you need to guarantee a clean image, run:
docker compose build --no-cacheDo not treat the container filesystem as the only copy of your server. Before replacing or recreating the container, verify that worlds, install.txt, Mods/enabled.json, configuration and any other required data are in host-mounted paths or named volumes. Rebuilding an image does not protect data that existed only inside a disposable container layer.
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After the build completes, start the service using the same Compose configuration and confirm that the container is using the intended mounts, environment variables and port. A rebuild that points at an empty or different mount can produce a clean-looking server with none of your previous worlds or manifests.
Use a Workshop modpack as the server’s source of truth
Create or maintain the modpack on a tModLoader client
For a repeatable setup, maintain the desired collection in the tModLoader client, review additions and removals, and check dependency changes before applying it to the server. This gives you a deliberate list rather than relying on whatever files happen to be in a server directory.
Copy both manifest files
Copy the client’s install.txt and enabled.json into the server’s Mods area, using the exact filenames expected by the server utility. Keep the files together: install.txt controls Workshop installation, while Mods/enabled.json controls activation. Updating one without the other can download a mod that remains disabled, or enable a name that is not installed.
Review changes before applying them
- Check which mods were added and whether their dependencies are also listed.
- Check which mods were removed; removing a content mod can affect items, tiles or world data that still exist in a save.
- Confirm that local mods are copied to the server and included in
enabled.json. - Keep a copy of the previous manifests so a rollback restores the exact former set.
Start and verify the updated server
Read the complete startup log
Do not stop at the first “server started” message. Scan the log for missing dependencies, load exceptions, duplicate files, disabled mods and explicit version or branch mismatches. A server can open a port while silently skipping a mod that failed during loading.
Confirm the enabled set
Compare the startup list with your recorded pre-update list and the new manifest. Verify that expected mods appear once, that dependencies loaded, and that no obsolete duplicate file remains in the Mods directory.
Test with a controlled character
Join with a test character, enter the intended world and exercise content supplied by the updated mods: open a modded interface, use a representative item or interact with a modded tile or NPC. Keep players away from the production session until this check is complete. An update can load far enough to show the world and still fail when a particular content asset is used.
Have every player update before reconnecting
Ask players to launch the same tModLoader branch as the server and wait for Workshop or client downloads to finish before joining. A client with an old mod file, a missing dependency or a different enabled set may receive a mismatch error even though the server itself is healthy.
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Keep the client and server on compatible branches
tModLoader’s player guidance describes the default release as the appropriate choice for most users. Steam beta branches provide legacy and preview options when compatibility requires something other than the default.
| Branch | Purpose | Use it when |
|---|---|---|
| Default release | Current stable branch intended for normal play | Your required mods support the current stable runtime |
| Legacy | Older runtime retained for compatibility | A required mod has not moved to the newest stable runtime |
| Preview | Early branch for testing new features | You are deliberately testing preview changes and accept that mods may not yet work |
Set the server and clients to the same branch before diagnosing individual mod files. Changing only the server to a new branch can create a misleading cascade of “out of date” messages.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What Terraria 1.4.5 means for mod updates
Compatibility with Terraria 1.4.5 is still a moving target. The tModLoader team says the update changed enough that not all mods can work immediately, and states: “Due to how much has changed in the Terraria v1.4.5 update, the short answer to this is ‘no’.” In other words, do not assume that a mod working on 1.4.4 will load unchanged on 1.4.5.
The team has also said that the earlier 1.4.4 porting process took nine months. That figure is context for why a major Terraria update can leave a long compatibility gap; it is not a promise that any particular mod will be ready after a fixed period.
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When Workshop downloads fail
tModLoader can still run when Steam cannot download Workshop content, but the affected mods must then be installed manually. First stop the server and preserve the manifests and backup. Obtain the exact mod files from a trusted, compatible installation source, place them in the server’s Mods directory, and ensure their names are represented in Mods/enabled.json. Check dependencies and the startup log before allowing players to join.
Manual installation does not remove the need for version matching. A manually copied file must correspond to the server’s branch and to the files used by clients; otherwise the connection will still fail with a version or content mismatch.
Troubleshoot common update failures
The server starts with no mods enabled
Check that Mods/enabled.json exists in the expected data directory and contains the complete enabled list. If you used a custom folder or Docker mount, verify that the process is reading that location rather than a new empty directory. Then confirm that the listed files are actually present.
Workshop mods were not installed
Check install.txt. The official utility does not know which Workshop items to install without it. Confirm that the file is in the expected server location, contains the intended entries and is included in the host-mounted data for Docker.
A dependency or load exception appears
Read the first dependency or exception message, not only the final shutdown line. Identify the named prerequisite, install or update it on the server, and make the same change on clients. If the required mod supports only an older runtime, switch the entire group to the compatible Legacy branch rather than mixing branches.
The log reports duplicate files
Stop the server and inspect the Mods directory for old and new copies of the same mod. Keep one intended version, restore the manifest that matches it and start again. Do not delete files while the server is running.
Clients receive a version or mod-list mismatch
Compare the server branch, client branch, enabled list and actual mod versions. Have the player finish Workshop downloads, remove an obsolete client copy if necessary, and relaunch tModLoader. If the server was updated to 1.4.5 while a required mod remains 1.4.4-only, return both sides to the compatible Legacy branch.
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Stop accepting players, preserve the new log and restore the pre-update backup of the runtime, mod files, manifests and configuration. Re-enable the prior set and test with no players connected. A world backup is especially important when a content mod changed items, tiles or world-generation behavior.
Rollback after a failed update
- Stop the server and prevent players from reconnecting.
- Save the failure log so you can identify the incompatible component.
- Restore the previous tModLoader files, mod files,
install.txt,Mods/enabled.jsonand configuration from the dated backup, or select the previously working Legacy branch. - Restore the prior enabled order and set, including local mods.
- Start with the same world path and launch options as before.
- Read the startup log and run a short test with a test character before reopening the server.
Do not restore only the executable while leaving new manifests or mod files in place. A rollback is reliable only when the runtime, mod files, manifests and configuration describe the same known-working state.
A repeatable update checklist
- Schedule maintenance and stop the server cleanly.
- Back up worlds, the
Modsdirectory,install.txt,Mods/enabled.json, configuration and Docker-mounted data. - Record the current branch, runtime version and enabled list.
- Choose one update path: the official script, Docker rebuild or the same manual method used for installation.
- Review manifest additions, removals and dependencies.
- Update runtime and mods together, or deliberately use the separate operation needed for troubleshooting.
- Start with the original folder, world path and configuration.
- Inspect logs, confirm the enabled set and test modded content.
- Have every client use the same branch and matching mod versions before reopening access.
- Keep the dated backup until the new state has survived a normal play session.
Why this process prevents most “out-of-date mod” errors
Most update failures are coordination problems rather than a single bad download. The server needs a compatible runtime, installed files and an activation manifest; clients need the same branch and mod versions; and the process must restart before it can see new files. Backups and separate runtime/mod commands give you a controlled way to identify which layer changed. When a major Terraria release such as 1.4.5 is involved, selecting the documented Legacy branch is often safer than forcing every mod onto a runtime it does not yet support.
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