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Freedom251 › Blog › AI adoption

How to Turn Employee AI Anxiety Into Confident Adoption

By Freedom251 Team · · 6 min read

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Employee anxiety about AI is not simply resistance to change: people can be excited about its potential and overwhelmed by its pace at the same time. For employers, the practical response is to address job and skill security, fear of making mistakes, and employees’ need for voice and support—not just urge everyone to use AI.

What does FOBO mean in the AI workplace?

FOBO does not have one universal meaning in discussions of AI. Henley Business School uses it to mean “Feeling Optimistic But Overwhelmed.” Gallup uses the term for concern that technology could make a person’s job obsolete. Both describe real but different parts of the workplace conversation: mixed feelings about rapid change and fear of losing work or the value of one’s skills.

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Survey results illustrate why those meanings should not be collapsed into a single measure. In a commissioned survey of 4,640 UK full-time workers published on 7 May 2025, Henley reported that 56% were excited about AI’s potential while 61% felt overwhelmed by its rapid development. In the United States, Pew Research Center reported in 2025 that 52% of workers were worried about how AI might be used at work in the future; 36% said they felt hopeful, 33% overwhelmed, and 29% excited. These are separate surveys with different populations and questions, not directly comparable national scores. Henley Business School’s 2025 findings and Pew Research Center’s 2025 workplace AI findings show that optimism and unease can coexist.

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What workers may be anxious about

Job and skill security

Some employees are asking whether AI will remove tasks, eliminate roles, or reduce the value of expertise they have built over time. In a 2024 global survey of 13,102 employees across 15 countries and regions, BCG found that 49% of regular generative AI users believed their job might disappear within ten years, compared with 24% of employees who did not use generative AI. Use, in other words, does not necessarily resolve insecurity. Gallup separately found that 22% of US workers said in 2023 that they worried technology would make their job obsolete, up from 15% in 2021. The figures reflect different surveys, years, and questions; neither is a count of jobs actually lost. BCG’s 2024 global survey and Gallup’s workplace reporting document these concerns.

Fear of making a consequential mistake

An employee may hesitate to rely on an opaque AI system if an error could harm a customer, mislead a colleague, or damage the employee’s reputation. A 2025 article in Organizational Dynamics identifies fear of making mistakes with opaque AI systems as a recurring workplace anxiety and offers practical guidance. Its abstract says the article used no data, so it should be read as a conceptual and practice framework—not as a measured estimate of how common this fear is or proof that a specific intervention works. The article on managing employee anxiety in the AI era sets out that perspective.

Voice, value, and oversight

Employees may also worry about whether their judgment will still matter, whether they can influence decisions, and how new technology will affect their work. In the American Psychological Association’s 2023 Work in America survey, workers who worried that AI might make some or all of their duties obsolete more often said they felt they did not matter to their employer (41%, versus 23%) or coworkers (37%, versus 17%). They were also more likely to worry that new technology would take over duties within ten years (75%, versus 23%). These are associations in survey responses; they do not establish that AI anxiety caused feelings of low mattering or other worries. The APA’s 2023 survey report describes the findings.

Why adoption figures need context

Survey percentages can point to different parts of the problem, but they should not be pooled into a single “employee AI anxiety” rate. The evidence varies by geography, year, population, question wording, and type of finding.

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Source and context Finding What it can—and cannot—show
Henley Business School, commissioned survey of 4,640 UK full-time workers, published 7 May 2025 56% excited about AI’s potential; 61% overwhelmed by its rapid development. 60% said proper training would make them more likely to use AI at work; 24% felt their employer was not providing enough support. Reports UK full-time workers’ self-described sentiment and stated willingness. It does not measure the effect of a particular training program on sustained adoption.
Pew Research Center, US workers, 2025 52% worried about future workplace AI use; 36% hopeful, 33% overwhelmed, and 29% excited. Captures responses to Pew’s questions about workplace AI. Do not treat it as an equivalent of Henley’s UK full-time-worker survey.
BCG, 13,102 employees in 15 countries and regions, 2024 49% of regular generative AI users believed their job might disappear within ten years, compared with 24% of non-users. Training on how AI would change jobs had reached 30% of managers and 28% of frontline employees, compared with half of leaders. Shows that use and job concern can coexist, and that reported training coverage differed by role. It does not establish that low training caused the concern.
Gallup, US workers in 2023 and CHROs in 2024 22% of workers in 2023 worried their job would become obsolete because of technology, up from 15% in 2021. In a separate 2024 finding, only 2% of CHROs strongly agreed their upskilling efforts were developing the skills employees need for the future. The worker and CHRO figures concern different respondent groups and time frames; the second is not a worker survey.
APA, US Work in America survey, 2023 Workers worried about AI making duties obsolete more often reported low mattering and concern about technology taking over duties. Reports associations between answers, not a causal effect of AI worry.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Support on Ko-Fi

What employers can do to support adoption

Be specific about what is known and undecided

Explain what an AI system is intended to do, which decisions remain with people, and what is known about changes to roles and workflows. Say plainly what has not been decided. This recommendation follows from evidence of mixed sentiment and job concern; the surveys above did not test whether a particular communication approach improves adoption.

Train people for the work they actually do

Generic introductions can leave employees unsure how to use a tool safely in their own tasks. Give workers protected practice time, realistic role-specific examples, and a clear route for questions. Henley’s UK respondents reported greater willingness to use AI if proper training were available, while BCG found that managers and frontline employees were less likely than leaders to have been trained on how AI would change their jobs. Those findings make practical training a relevant response, but they do not quantify the causal effect of any one program.

Gallup also reported in 2024 that only 2% of surveyed CHROs strongly agreed their upskilling efforts were developing the skills employees need for the future. That is a reason for leaders to check whether training matches changing work—not evidence that every existing program is ineffective.

Make practice psychologically safe

Employees need to be able to ask questions, flag errors, and say when a tool is not working without assuming that a mistake will be treated as personal failure. The Organizational Dynamics article proposes a broad culture of psychological safety alongside support tailored to different employee needs. Treat this as a reasoned management framework, not a proven experimental result: the article reports that it used no data.

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Give employees a role in workflow decisions

Invite the people doing the work to identify tasks where AI could help, points where human review is essential, and steps that may add risk or unnecessary effort. Their input can make hidden workflow problems visible and clarify where responsibility sits. This is a practical recommendation, not an intervention directly tested by the cited surveys.

Track use separately from employee experience

Usage alone cannot tell leaders whether employees feel confident, have enough support, or are using a system responsibly. Track it alongside measures such as training coverage, confidence, error escalation, workload, and worker feedback. A short-term productivity figure also does not by itself establish durable benefit or sustained adoption.

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AI adoptionemployee trainingHuman Resourcesworkplace AIworkplace technology

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