The dependable way to switch between Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, or another coding assistant is to move a reviewed project handoff in your repository—not to rely on private memory or an old chat log. Keep architecture, conventions, commands, constraints, decisions, known problems, and current work in version control. Export personal preferences and memories separately, use a supported import when one exists, then test the new assistant in a fresh session before allowing consequential edits.
What actually needs to move
“Project context” is not one portable object. A migration usually involves four different kinds of information, each with a different owner and failure mode.
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| Context | Examples | Best migration method | What can go wrong |
|---|---|---|---|
| Project instructions | Architecture, naming conventions, test and deployment commands, supported platforms, constraints, non-obvious decisions | A concise, reviewed file in the repository, adapted to the destination tool’s filename and scope rules | The destination may not read that filename, may read only one directory scope, or may follow stale instructions |
| Personal preferences and assistant memory | Preferred explanation style, editing habits, recurring choices, personal shortcuts | Export or summarize separately, then use the destination’s memory or profile feature if available | Memory import can be incomplete, experimental, or unavailable |
| Recent work and session history | Conversation decisions, temporary plans, previous tool output, a debugging trail | Use a documented product import when the source and destination are listed; otherwise create a compact handoff and retain an archive | Past sessions may stay in the old product and may not be reconstructable from the repository |
| Tool-specific configuration | Hooks, permission rules, MCP servers, integrations, skills, editor settings | Audit the intent and rebuild it in the destination’s own format | Formats and security models differ; copying files blindly can disable automation or grant excessive access |
A repository handoff is the durable layer because it is reviewable in a pull request, travels with the code, and can be checked out by every member of the team. It is not a replacement for an exported conversation or personal memory; it is the part that should remain true even when the assistant changes.
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Inventory the old assistant’s knowledge before you switch
Begin with an inventory, not an export button. Ask what the old assistant knows that a competent developer could not reliably infer by reading the current checkout.
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Capture durable project facts
- Architecture: major services, package boundaries, data flow, external dependencies, generated code, and the locations that are intentionally coupled.
- Conventions: naming, formatting, error handling, logging, test style, API compatibility rules, migration practices, and when comments are expected.
- Commands: installation, local startup, unit and integration tests, linting, type checking, database setup, code generation, packaging, and deployment. Include required environment variables by name, but never put their secret values in the handoff.
- Constraints: supported language and runtime versions, operating-system assumptions, performance or compliance boundaries, backward-compatibility promises, and files that must not be edited by hand.
- Known pitfalls: flaky tests, order-dependent scripts, required service dependencies, generated artifacts, difficult local setup, and failures that have a documented workaround.
- Decisions and their reasons: record why an apparently unusual library, data shape, timeout, feature flag, or workaround exists. The reason prevents a new assistant from “cleaning up” an intentional trade-off.
- Unresolved work: identify the current task, open questions, blocked investigations, and the next safe step. Mark guesses and proposals as such.
Separate facts from conversation residue
A chat often contains repeated explanations, abandoned approaches, temporary hypotheses, and outputs that were valid only for one branch or one machine. Do not dump the entire transcript into the project file. Extract conclusions, link them to the relevant code or issue when your team already has such a reference, and label anything still uncertain.
Keep a private or archived copy of conversations that may be needed for legal, incident, or historical reasons. Treat that archive as evidence, not as live instructions: an assistant should not be encouraged to follow every old suggestion.
Create a reviewed handoff in the repository
Use the destination’s documented instruction filename, but keep the underlying content tool-neutral. OpenAI documents /init in Codex as a way to generate an AGENTS.md scaffold. Anthropic describes CLAUDE.md for architecture, conventions, and commands, with user-wide, repository, and subdirectory scopes. Generated text is a draft: inspect every line, remove assumptions that are no longer true, and commit the result like any other project documentation.
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- Repository scope: rules that apply to everyone working on this codebase. This is the normal home for architecture and build instructions.
- Subdirectory scope: rules for a service, package, or generated-code area. State the boundary clearly so a rule is not applied to unrelated code.
- User-wide scope: personal preferences that should not be imposed on collaborators. Keep these outside the repository unless the team explicitly wants them shared.
If several assistants read different filenames, maintain a canonical tool-neutral document and small adapter files that point to it or repeat only the minimum required guidance. Avoid maintaining three independently edited copies of the same rules; they will diverge.
A practical handoff outline
# Project overview
- What this repository builds
- Primary runtime and supported versions
- Major components and their relationships
# Working rules
- Formatting, naming, error handling, and API compatibility
- Files that are generated or owned by another system
- Security and data-handling constraints
# Commands
- Install
- Run locally
- Test, lint, type-check
- Build, release, and deploy
# Current state
- Current task and acceptance criteria
- Known failures and workarounds
- Open questions and explicitly unverified assumptions
# Change protocol
- How to make a small change safely
- Which checks must pass
- When to ask for clarification
Keep the file concise enough to review. Put detailed API references, runbooks, and long design documents in their natural locations and link to them from the handoff. A short pointer is better than a duplicated specification that will become stale.
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Review the generated draft
- Check every command on a clean checkout or document exactly what is required for it to work.
- Remove invented directories, obsolete versions, and rules that describe a previous architecture.
- Distinguish mandatory constraints from suggestions and examples.
- Add an owner or maintenance responsibility in the repository’s normal documentation process.
- Commit the handoff and review it in the same way as source changes.
Anthropic’s guidance puts the maintenance principle plainly: “Treat it like a living onboarding doc, not a spec.” That means updating it when conventions change, not waiting for a migration.
Use product imports, but do not make them your only copy
Import support is specific to the source, destination, product edition, and current interface. As of October 2026, OpenAI’s documented paths list desktop imports for Claude Code, Claude Cowork, and Cursor, and Codex CLI import from Claude Code or Cursor. The listed combinations can change, so confirm the current product screen and the source account before starting.
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Anthropic documents memory import and export with other AI providers. Its September 2, 2026 help guidance labels memory import experimental and warns that it may not incorporate every imported memory. Export or summarize important information before attempting the import so an incomplete result can be checked, retried, or entered manually.
| Migration need | Documented option | Qualification |
|---|---|---|
| Move recent work into ChatGPT’s desktop experience | Import sources listed by OpenAI: Claude Code, Claude Cowork, and Cursor | Inspect what the current interface actually imports; the list and labels are product-specific and can change |
| Move work into Codex CLI | OpenAI lists Claude Code and Cursor as import sources | Do not infer that every conversation, attachment, permission, or integration is included |
| Move personal memory to Claude | Anthropic provides memory import/export | Import is explicitly experimental and may omit memories |
| Move between an unlisted pair | No shared method established | Use the repository handoff, a written summary, and an archived copy; verify manually |
Start the import only after you have a known-good repository handoff. That order gives you a baseline against which to compare the imported result and prevents an import mistake from becoming the only record of the project.
Handle each context layer separately
Project instructions and conventions
Commit the canonical instructions, then adapt the filename and directory placement to the destination. The content should describe the repository, not the personality of one assistant. If the destination supports hierarchical files, put global rules at the repository root and narrowly scoped rules beside the code they govern.
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Personal preferences and memory
Export preferences as a separate document or profile. Keep personal tone, preferred level of explanation, and recurring workflow choices out of shared project rules unless the team has agreed to them. After importing, review each memory for outdated technology, sensitive information, or a rule that conflicts with the repository.
Recent work
Write a short “current state” section containing the task, what has been tried, observed results, remaining uncertainty, and the next proposed action. Include the relevant branch or commit identifier if your normal workflow uses one. This is more useful than pasting hundreds of chat turns because it exposes the decisions the new assistant must preserve.
Full session history
Do not promise yourself that a complete transcript will follow the project. One migration provider’s documentation explicitly leaves past sessions where they ran. That is a limitation of that migration path, not proof that every product behaves identically. Export or archive conversations when they matter, but assume the new assistant will start without them unless its current import documentation says otherwise.
Hooks, permissions, skills, and integrations
These are executable behavior, not ordinary context. A migration guide from Context states that hooks and permission rules do not share a format and must be rebuilt. MCP servers and other integrations also require a destination-specific review. Recreate the intended behavior, not the old file layout.
- List each hook, the event that triggers it, and the command it runs.
- Translate permission rules into the destination’s syntax and least-privilege model.
- Confirm working directories, environment variables, network access, and operating-system assumptions.
- Re-add MCP servers or integrations one at a time and test each one with a harmless operation.
- Recreate only skills or automations that are still wanted; delete obsolete entries rather than carrying them forward by default.
A step-by-step migration procedure
- Freeze a reference point. Commit or tag the current branch, record the assistant and configuration versions you are leaving, and save any session archive that must be retained.
- Inventory the old context. Use the categories above. Mark each item as repository fact, personal preference, recent work, historical transcript, or tool configuration.
- Generate or locate the destination handoff. For Codex, run
/initif you want an initialAGENTS.mdscaffold. For Claude Code, review the applicableCLAUDE.mdscopes. For another destination, use its currently documented project-instruction mechanism. - Rewrite and review. Remove stale rules, test commands where practical, identify unknowns, and ensure no secret values or private tokens are present.
- Commit the handoff. Put it on the branch or commit that the new assistant will inspect. If a subdirectory file is required, verify that it is included in the checkout.
- Export personal memory separately. Use the source product’s export if available. Otherwise create a short, human-reviewed preference summary.
- Run a supported import. Select only the source and destination combination currently listed by the provider. Save the imported result before editing it so you can compare versions.
- Rebuild configuration. Translate hooks, permissions, MCP servers, integrations, and skills deliberately. Start with the least privilege necessary.
- Open a fresh session. Work from the repository root, not an unrelated directory, and make sure the destination is reading the intended instruction scope.
- Verify understanding before editing. Use the validation prompt below, inspect the response, and correct the handoff before authorizing broad changes.
- Make a small, reversible change. Ask for a narrow patch, run the normal checks, and inspect the diff. Only then proceed with larger work.
Verify the new assistant instead of trusting its summary
In a fresh session, ask the assistant to answer from the repository and handoff, without filling gaps from guesswork:
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Read the repository instructions and inspect the relevant files. Summarize:
1. the architecture and main data flow;
2. the current task and its acceptance criteria;
3. constraints and files that must not be edited directly;
4. the exact test, lint, and build commands;
5. known pitfalls or unresolved questions; and
6. the next smallest safe step.
For each item, distinguish an observed fact from an assumption.
Do not modify files yet.Compare the response with the handoff and the code. A useful verification checks more than whether the assistant repeats a filename.
- Does it identify the correct entry points and package boundaries?
- Does it give commands that exist and match the documented runtime?
- Does it preserve constraints instead of proposing a forbidden shortcut?
- Does it acknowledge unresolved questions rather than inventing answers?
- Does its proposed first command operate in the correct directory and avoid destructive effects?
After that, request one small change with explicit acceptance criteria. Review the diff, run the normal tests, and confirm that the assistant followed the project rules. If it misunderstands a central fact, stop and fix the handoff; do not compensate by repeating the same correction in every chat.
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The assistant ignores the handoff
Check the working directory, filename, directory scope, file encoding, and destination documentation. A file in a parent directory may not be loaded by a tool that only scans the current project, and a user-wide rule may override or conflict with repository guidance. Start a new session after correcting placement.
The imported summary is inaccurate
Compare it with the committed handoff and source code. Mark the incorrect statement in the project file, add the missing reason or command, and rerun the verification prompt. Keep the original imported output in an archive if you need to understand what was lost, but do not leave conflicting instructions active.
A hook or permission rule fails
Disable the migrated automation, preserve the old configuration, and rebuild one rule at a time. Check command paths, shell assumptions, environment variables, event names, and the destination’s approval model. Never broaden permissions merely to make a failed command run.
The destination lacks an import option
Use the repository handoff and current-state summary as the transfer package. Paste only the relevant section into a new session, retain the full transcript locally, and record any decision that the new assistant cannot recover from the code.
The project has become instruction-heavy
Remove duplicated prose and move detailed material to focused documentation. Keep the root handoff limited to rules that affect most changes, then use subdirectory files for local exceptions. Review stale entries when dependencies, scripts, or architecture change.
You need to roll back
Return to the tagged reference commit, restore the archived configuration, and revoke newly created integrations or permissions. Because the handoff is version-controlled, you can compare the migration branch with the known-good state and recover without relying on a conversation transcript.
How to keep one dependable “memory” across three assistants
If you use Claude Code, Codex, and Cursor on the same codebase, do not try to make their private memories identical. Use three layers instead:
- Shared project truth: version-controlled instructions, current-state notes, and links to the repository’s design and runbook documents.
- Personal profile: your writing and collaboration preferences, stored in each product’s own memory or user-wide configuration.
- Historical archive: exported conversations and old migration summaries, kept outside the active instruction path.
When a convention changes, update the shared file first. Then update personal memories only when the change is genuinely personal. This prevents a correction made in one chat from disappearing when you open another assistant.
Assign ownership for the handoff and skim it at least quarterly, as Anthropic recommends for a living onboarding document. A smaller, current file is safer than a large accumulation of every past decision.
Migration checklist
- Reference branch or tag created
- Architecture, commands, constraints, pitfalls, decisions, and current work inventoried
- Repository handoff generated, corrected, and committed
- Personal preferences separated from shared project rules
- Important sessions archived without treating them as live instructions
- Destination import support checked for the exact source and product
- Imported memories reviewed for omissions and stale claims
- Hooks, permissions, MCP servers, integrations, and skills rebuilt deliberately
- Fresh-session architecture and command summary verified against the code
- Small test change reviewed and normal checks run
- Rollback copy and old configuration retained until the new workflow is trusted
- Owner and review cadence assigned for the handoff
Bottom line
No current cross-vendor standard guarantees that one private memory, complete chat history, permissions, hooks, and integrations will move intact. A reviewed repository handoff gives you the stable core: it is inspectable, versioned, and available to every assistant. Use product imports as accelerators, keep personal memory and transcripts separate, rebuild executable configuration cautiously, and verify the new assistant’s understanding before it edits important code.
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