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FFmpeg

How to Stream a YouTube Product Demo Playlist Continuously with FFmpeg

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To loop prerecorded product demos into one continuous YouTube Live broadcast, put the files in an FFmpeg concat-demuxer playlist, read that playlist at real-time speed, loop it indefinitely, and send the encoded output to the RTMPS ingest URL and stream key shown in YouTube Live Control Room. The command below is a starting point, not a universal preset: first make sure the files are compatible, then match the output settings to your video and upload connection.

Prepare compatible demo videos

FFmpeg’s concat demuxer reads a text manifest and plays the listed files in sequence. Its requirements are strict: the files should have matching streams, codecs, and time bases. If your demos differ in codec, stream layout, or timing, normalize them to a consistent format before relying on the playlist. Incorrect duration metadata can also cause timestamp artifacts or gaps.

In the directory containing the demo files, create playlist.txt:

file 'demo-01.mp4'
file 'demo-02.mp4'
file 'demo-03.mp4'

Use paths relative to the playlist or otherwise valid paths, and test the manifest locally. If filenames contain spaces or special characters, use concat-demuxer quoting that is valid for those paths. The command below uses -safe 0, which relaxes path safety restrictions; use it only with a playlist you control, not a manifest containing untrusted paths. FFmpeg’s concat demuxer documentation describes the manifest and compatibility rules.

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Connect FFmpeg to YouTube Live

  1. Get the ingest details. In YouTube Live Control Room, create or open the live stream and copy the server URL and stream key shown for it. Use RTMPS where available. YouTube recommends RTMPS as the secure extension to RTMP. Treat the stream key like a password: do not publish it, commit it to source control, or share it. If it is compromised, reset it in Live Control Room.
  2. Run FFmpeg on the playlist. Replace the placeholder ingest address below with the server URL and stream key from YouTube. Keep the input options -re and -stream_loop -1 before -i.
ffmpeg -re -stream_loop -1 -f concat -safe 0 -i playlist.txt 
  -c:v libx264 -preset veryfast -pix_fmt yuv420p 
  -b:v 14M -maxrate 14M -bufsize 28M -g 60 
  -c:a aac -b:a 128k -ar 44100 
  -f flv 'rtmps://YOUTUBE_INGEST_URL/YOUR_STREAM_KEY'

-re reads the input at its native rate rather than sending a file as fast as the computer can process it. -stream_loop -1 loops the input indefinitely. The example encodes H.264 video and AAC audio into an FLV output for RTMP/RTMPS ingest. The example’s 14 Mbps video bitrate and 60-frame GOP are illustrative for a 1080p30 starting point, not settings to copy for every source or frame rate. FFmpeg documents these input options in its command-line documentation.

Choose YouTube-compatible output settings

YouTube’s rolling encoder guidance, accessed October 3, 2026, lists H.264, H.265 (HEVC), and AV1 video; AAC or MP3 audio; CBR encoding; and frame rates up to 60 fps for RTMP/RTMPS. It recommends a two-second keyframe interval and says not to exceed four seconds. With the sample command’s -g 60, the GOP is 60 frames: that corresponds to two seconds at 30 fps, but not at other frame rates. Set the GOP to match your chosen frame rate and keyframe interval.

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For H.264, YouTube recommends 14 Mbps at 1080p30 and 8 Mbps at 720p30. These are YouTube’s recommendations, not guarantees of quality; choose resolution and bitrate to suit the source, desired output, and encoder capacity. YouTube recommends keeping total stream bitrate below available upload capacity, with 20% headroom. That includes audio as well as video. See YouTube’s encoder settings guidance for its current recommendations.

Test the stream before leaving it live

  1. Start FFmpeg and open the Live Control Room preview. Confirm that YouTube receives the stream and that video and audio play correctly.
  2. Test with representative motion and audio from the actual playlist. Watch for visual artifacts, gaps between files, missing audio, or a stream-health warning.
  3. Monitor stream health and warnings during transmission. A running FFmpeg process by itself does not prove that YouTube is receiving a healthy stream.

YouTube advises: “Make sure to test before you start your live stream.” Its encoder settings guidance also recommends testing before going live.

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Know what continuous streaming does—and does not—cover

YouTube describes continuous live streams from an existing content library. Its automatic archive statement applies to streams under 12 hours; do not assume a longer broadcast will be automatically archived. Plan separately for broadcast continuity and for keeping a replay or recording. See YouTube’s live-stream archiving guidance.

The concat loop repeats the playlist while the FFmpeg process and its connection keep working. It is not, by itself, an automatic recovery setup for a process crash, network interruption, or YouTube disconnect. Test the complete arrangement on your FFmpeg build, media, network, and YouTube configuration before relying on it unattended.

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Use HLS only when the ingest format calls for it

RTMP/RTMPS is the straightforward choice for a typical SDR product-demo stream using supported codecs. YouTube’s HLS ingest is a different path, useful for HDR or codecs not supported over RTMP. HLS has higher latency because it sends segments rather than one continuous stream. Its requirements include TS segments, 1–4 second segment duration, a rolling playlist with no more than five outstanding segments, and HTTPS POST/PUT. An ordinary FLV/RTMP command is not an HLS command; the output format and protocol settings must match the selected ingest path. Check YouTube’s encoder guidance before choosing an ingest protocol.

Or let it run in the cloud

If you want the playlist to keep running without a computer and home connection staying on, StreamNeo is a cloud option for uploaded videos on YouTube. Upload the demos, add your YouTube stream key once, and go live. It loops from the cloud, supports any uploaded quality up to 4K 60fps at one flat price per slot, and automatically recovers if YouTube drops the stream. The first day is free with no card. Monthly billing is $9.99 per month.

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