How to Set Up Branching and Commit Conventions for Claude-Generated Changes

Use a dedicated task branch, a repository-level CLAUDE.md, and a written Conventional Commits policy. Have Claude inspect the repository’s existing history, keep each commit atomic, run the required checks, and propose a pull request for human review rather than merging automatically. This arrangement gives Claude enough structure to work efficiently while keeping branch protection, secrets, tests, signing, and final integration under team control.

Start with an isolated task branch

Never let an automated coding session begin on the protected default branch. Create a branch for one issue, bug, feature, documentation change, or refactor, then give Claude permission to work only within that scope. Anthropic’s Claude Code Action documentation describes the default behavior plainly: “Claude commits code changes to a new branch.” You should preserve that isolation even when working locally or through another integration.

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Choose a predictable branch name

Use the prefixes already accepted by your repository. If the project has no policy, a practical pattern is <type>/<issue>-<short-slug>. Common types are feat, fix, docs, refactor, and chore.

Replace these prefixes if your repository uses a different convention. Consistency with existing branch names is more important than adopting a new taxonomy for Claude alone.

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Create and update the branch safely

1. Switch to the protected default branch, usually main or trunk.
2. Update it without creating an accidental merge commit:

   git switch main
   git pull --ff-only

3. Create the task branch:

   git switch -c feat/184-export-filter

4. Confirm that the working tree is clean and that you are on the expected branch:

   git status --short --branch

5. Give Claude the issue number, acceptance criteria, files or directories in scope, commands to run, and explicit exclusions.

If uncommitted work already exists, stop before starting Claude. Either commit it on the correct branch or save it with a clearly labelled stash; otherwise, you cannot reliably distinguish the agent’s edits from your own.

Put the durable rules in CLAUDE.md

Store project-specific instructions in a repository-level CLAUDE.md. Anthropic says Claude reads this file automatically at the start of a session and that it is intended for architecture, conventions, and commands. Treat it as the source of truth for branch names, commit format, validation commands, and prohibited files. Keep the rules concrete enough that a different contributor—or a new Claude session—will make the same decisions.

What the file should define

• The protected default branch and the required task-branch pattern.
• Allowed commit types and the required subject format.
• Whether a body is required for migrations, rationale, or test-impact explanations.
• The repository’s test, lint, format, type-check, and security commands.
• Files that must never be staged, such as .env files, credentials, private keys, and generated artifacts.
• The review steps required before a commit or pull request.
• Who may merge, whether force-push is prohibited, and whether signed commits are required.

Example policy

## Git workflow
- Never edit the protected default branch directly.
- Create or use a task branch named <type>/<issue>-<short-slug>.
- Before committing, inspect git status, the full diff, and the explicit staged-file list.
- Use Conventional Commits: feat, fix, docs, refactor, test, build, ci, chore, or perf.
- Subject: imperative mood, lowercase after the colon, maximum 72 characters.
- Add a body when explaining rationale, migration, or test impact.
- Add BREAKING CHANGE: in the footer for incompatible behavior.
- Run the repository’s required tests and linters before proposing a PR.
- Never stage secrets, .env files, credentials, or unrelated changes.
- Present the proposed commit message and test summary for review.
- Do not merge or force-push; leave final integration to a human reviewer.

Adapt the commands and merge rules to your project. Do not list a command that is not actually supported by the repository; an inaccurate instruction causes Claude to report false failures or skip the real checks.

Give Claude a session-level operating brief

CLAUDE.md handles recurring policy, but the task prompt should state what is unique about the current change. Include the issue, desired behavior, non-goals, interfaces that must remain compatible, test data constraints, and the command Claude should run first. Ask it to read the relevant files and recent history before editing. This avoids a commit message that describes an imagined change rather than the one the repository actually needs.

A useful brief has four parts:

• Scope: “Implement export filtering for the CSV endpoint; do not change the JSON endpoint.”
• Acceptance criteria: List observable outcomes and edge cases.
• Validation: Name the exact test and lint commands.
• Git boundary: State the branch name, whether Claude may commit, and that secrets and unrelated files are forbidden.

For a risky change, ask Claude to pause after editing and show git status, the complete diff, and the proposed commit message. Review that output before allowing a commit.

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Use repository history to set the commit style

Conventional Commits provide a predictable baseline, but the repository’s existing history remains the authority for scope names, punctuation, and whether bodies or issue references are customary. Ask Claude to inspect recent commits before composing a message. Anthropic’s guidance describes generating conventional messages while matching the repository’s existing style.

Recommended message shape

<type>(<scope>): <imperative subject>

<optional body explaining rationale, migration, or test impact>

<optional footer>

Use a lowercase subject after the colon and keep the subject at 72 characters or fewer. Write it in the imperative mood: “add export filter,” “handle empty header,” or “remove obsolete flag,” not “added,” “handles,” or “changes.” The type should describe the intent:

Explain context in a body, not in a crowded subject

Add a body when a reviewer needs to understand why the implementation was chosen, how a migration works, or what test impact exists. Keep the subject scannable. A body can state the previous behavior, the new invariant, compatibility considerations, and the checks run. Do not paste the entire task prompt into the commit.

Mark incompatible behavior explicitly

For a breaking change, add a footer beginning exactly with BREAKING CHANGE: and explain what consumers must do. Use the footer only when an existing interface, configuration, data format, or supported behavior is incompatible. A large diff is not automatically a breaking change.

Keep Claude’s commits atomic

One commit should represent one coherent user-visible change or one tightly coupled implementation step. Atomic commits make review, rollback, cherry-picking, and release-note generation safer. If Claude discovers an unrelated formatting issue or opportunistic cleanup, instruct it to leave that work untouched or place it in a separate task branch.

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Split work when the history tells a clearer story

• Put a mechanical rename or dependency update in its own commit if it obscures functional changes.
• Keep a required schema migration together with the code that makes the new schema usable.
• Separate documentation from implementation when reviewers may need to release them independently.
• Do not split a change merely to create more commits; each commit must be buildable and understandable at its point in history whenever the project permits.

Inspect exactly what will be committed

1. Check the working tree:

   git status --short

2. Read the complete unstaged and staged diffs:

   git diff
   git diff --cached

3. Stage only the intended paths:

   git add src/export.ts tests/export.test.ts

4. Review the staged file list and patch:

   git diff --cached --name-status
   git diff --cached

5. Ask Claude to state the proposed message and test results before committing.
6. Commit only after the file list, diff, and message match the task.

Never use a broad staging command when the workspace may contain secrets, generated files, editor metadata, or another contributor’s changes. If a secret is staged, remove it from the index immediately, rotate the exposed credential, and investigate whether it entered any commit or remote.

Run validation before proposing a pull request

Claude should run the project’s required tests, linters, formatters, type checks, and security checks before a pull request is opened. The exact commands belong in CLAUDE.md; do not substitute a generic command and assume it covers the project.

Record results that a reviewer can trust

• Name each command that ran and whether it passed.
• Identify tests that could not run, with the reason and any environment prerequisite.
• Distinguish a formatter-only change from a behavior test.
• Call out warnings, flaky tests, skipped cases, and known limitations instead of reporting a blanket “all checks passed.”

After tests pass, inspect the final diff again. Look for generated files, accidental lockfile changes, debug logging, hard-coded credentials, broadened permissions, and edits outside the task’s scope. A green test run does not prove that the patch is safe to merge.

Treat the pull request as the integration gate

The pull request is where a human reviews the complete diff, test evidence, risk, and rollout plan. Claude Code Action’s default workflow commits to a new branch and provides a link for the user to create the pull request; it does not create the pull request automatically. That default preserves a deliberate approval point.

Some configured integrations or the Claude Code Commit Commands plugin can automate conventional-message generation and a commit-push-PR sequence. Automation is useful only when repository protections still require review, required checks, and an authorized merger. Make the desired behavior explicit: “prepare the branch and give me the PR link” is different from “open a draft PR,” and both differ from “merge when checks pass.”

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What the PR description should contain

• The problem and the user-visible result.
• A concise summary of the implementation and any migration.
• Tests, linters, formatters, and security checks that ran.
• Known limitations, compatibility notes, and rollback considerations.
• Any files or generated outputs that reviewers should pay special attention to.

Do not allow an agent to merge or force-push by default. Keep branch protection, required reviews, and required status checks enforced on the remote repository.

Choose between manual flow and automation

Both approaches can be safe when the same policy is enforced. The difference is where the human pauses to inspect the work.

Configure signing when provenance matters

Commit signing is separate from commit-message style. If your organization requires verified authorship, configure signing before Claude commits and check the verification status after pushing. Anthropic’s guidance identifies GitHub API signing as the simplest option for ordinary commits. SSH signing is appropriate when the workflow also needs standard Git operations such as rebasing or cherry-picking.

Decide whose identity is allowed to sign: an individual contributor, a bot account, or a controlled service identity. Do not share private keys with a coding session. Store credentials in the approved secret manager, restrict their permissions, and revoke them when the workflow or contributor changes. A commit that has the right message but the wrong signer still fails a provenance requirement.

Recover from common failures

Claude edited the default branch

Stop the session, save the diff, and create the correct task branch before continuing. If no commit was made, switch branches while preserving the working tree only after confirming that the changes belong entirely to the task. If a commit already exists on the protected branch, follow your repository’s recovery procedure rather than force-pushing; an administrator may need to revert or move the commit.

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The message does not match local history

Show Claude several recent commits and the exact rule in CLAUDE.md. Amend only before the commit is shared, or create a follow-up corrective commit after publication. Do not rewrite shared history merely to change punctuation.

The commit contains unrelated or generated files

Inspect git diff --cached, unstage the unrelated paths, and add only the intended files. Add or correct ignore rules if generated output is repeatedly appearing, then verify that the ignore change itself is within scope.

A required check cannot run

Record the missing dependency, environment variable, service, or fixture. Do not claim success. Either provide the prerequisite, run the check in CI, or ask a human reviewer to approve an explicitly documented exception.

The workflow created a PR unexpectedly

Close or convert the PR according to team policy, then document the integration’s actual behavior in CLAUDE.md and its configuration. Keep merge permissions and required reviews enabled even if PR creation is automated.

Signing is missing or unverified

Check the configured identity, signing method, and remote verification status. Do not copy a private key into the repository or prompt. Re-sign only according to the repository’s history-rewrite policy; otherwise create a new signed commit and explain the earlier verification gap.

End-to-end operating checklist

1. Confirm the protected default branch and read the repository’s CLAUDE.md.
2. Update the default branch with a fast-forward-only pull.
3. Create a task branch using the repository’s approved prefix and issue slug.
4. Check that the working tree is clean and the branch is correct.
5. Give Claude precise scope, acceptance criteria, exclusions, and validation commands.
6. Ask Claude to inspect relevant files and recent commit history before editing.
7. Review the complete diff and run the documented tests, linters, formatters, type checks, and security checks.
8. Inspect the explicit staged-file list for secrets, generated files, and unrelated edits.
9. Approve an imperative Conventional Commit message that matches local history; include a body or BREAKING CHANGE: footer when required.
10. Verify signing if provenance is required.
11. Push the task branch and review the final remote diff.
12. Create or review the pull request, wait for required checks and human approvals, and leave merging to an authorized reviewer.

This policy lets Claude perform useful Git operations without turning an automated session into an uncontrolled integration path. Branch isolation limits blast radius, CLAUDE.md makes expectations durable, Conventional Commits make history searchable, and the pull request keeps the final decision with a human.

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