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Freedom251 › Blog › Chrome DevTools

How to Screenshot a List of URLs at Desktop and Mobile Widths

By Freedom251 Team · · 7 min read

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To capture a URL list at desktop and mobile widths, automate a loop over your URLs and viewport profiles. With Playwright, open a page at each explicit width and height, wait for the state you need, and save either a viewport or full-page screenshot with a filename that identifies the URL and profile. This makes runs repeatable; it is an implementation pattern using browser APIs, not a built-in batch command. For a handful of pages, Chrome DevTools Device Mode is a quicker manual option.

Choose a capture method

Method Best for Trade-off
Playwright script Recurring lists, repeatable dimensions, and visual test workflows Requires a small script and browser setup; the URL/profile loop is your implementation.
Puppeteer script Teams already using Puppeteer or needing its page- and element-level screenshot APIs Requires the same kind of scripting for a URL list; see Puppeteer screenshots.
Chrome DevTools Device Mode One-off checks where you can open pages manually Convenient for manual viewport capture, but the reviewed documentation does not describe URL-list batching.

Playwright supports device emulation and viewport overrides, and its screenshot options include full-page capture and image settings. See Playwright emulation and Playwright screenshots. For manual capture, follow Google’s Chrome DevTools Device Mode guide.

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Decide what desktop and mobile mean for this run

For stable layout checks, specify width and height explicitly. A device preset is useful when mobile-specific emulation behavior—such as touch support or mobile viewport handling—matters, and Playwright lets you override a preset’s viewport. Keep dimensions, browser engine, screenshot boundary, and scale the same between runs when comparing results.

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Desktop-based emulation is not a physical phone test. Google notes that some mobile characteristics, including CPU architecture, cannot be simulated in Device Mode; use real hardware when those characteristics matter. Label emulated captures as such rather than presenting them as device screenshots.

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Capture a URL list with Playwright

The example below reads URLs from a text file, captures each at two viewport profiles, and writes one PNG per URL and profile. Install Playwright and its Chromium browser first:

  1. npm init -y
  2. npm install playwright
  3. npx playwright install chromium
  4. Create urls.txt with one URL per line, then save the following as capture.js.
const fs = require('node:fs/promises');
const path = require('node:path');
const { chromium } = require('playwright');

const profiles = [
  { name: 'desktop', width: 1440, height: 900 },
  { name: 'mobile', width: 390, height: 844 },
];

function safeName(urlString) {
  const url = new URL(urlString);
  const pathPart = url.pathname.replace(/^/+|/+$/g, '').replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]+/g, '_') || 'home';
  return `${url.hostname.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9.-]+/g, '_')}_${pathPart}`;
}

(async () => {
  const urls = (await fs.readFile('urls.txt', 'utf8'))
    .split(/r?n/)
    .map(line => line.trim())
    .filter(line => line && !line.startsWith('#'));
  await fs.mkdir('screenshots', { recursive: true });
  const browser = await chromium.launch();

  try {
    for (const profile of profiles) {
      const context = await browser.newContext({
        viewport: { width: profile.width, height: profile.height },
      });
      try {
        const page = await context.newPage();
        for (const url of urls) {
          try {
            const response = await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: 'load', timeout: 60000 });
            if (!response) {
              console.warn(`No main-resource response: ${url}`);
            } else if (!response.ok()) {
              console.warn(`HTTP ${response.status()} for ${url}`);
            }
            await page.screenshot({
              path: path.join('screenshots', `${safeName(url)}_${profile.name}.png`),
              fullPage: false,
            });
            console.log(`Saved ${url} at ${profile.name}`);
          } catch (error) {
            console.error(`Failed ${url} at ${profile.name}: ${error.message}`);
          }
        }
      } finally {
        await context.close();
      }
    }
  } finally {
    await browser.close();
  }
})();

Run it with node capture.js. The screenshots directory will contain names such as example.com_products_mobile.png. The sample uses viewport screenshots (fullPage: false) and waits for the page’s load event. A site’s load event does not guarantee that every late-loading image or application component is ready, so choose a more specific readiness condition if the page needs one.

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Adapt the profiles to the question you are checking

Change the width and height values to match your required breakpoints. These example dimensions are inputs, not named physical-device specifications. To emulate a particular device, use a Playwright device descriptor and, if needed, override its viewport; consult the emulation documentation. If the comparison is about layout at a width rather than device behavior, explicit viewport dimensions avoid adding emulation settings you do not need.

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Choose viewport or full-page output

A viewport screenshot records the visible browser area and is usually the cleaner choice for fixed-size layout comparisons. Set fullPage: true when you need the entire scrollable document. Full-page images can have different heights for every URL, so they are less suited to direct fixed-canvas comparisons. Playwright documents other screenshot options in its screenshot guide.

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Make filenames safe and useful

The sample derives filenames from hostname, path, and profile. It omits query strings and fragments so tracking parameters do not create awkward filenames; if query parameters select meaningfully different page states, extend the naming function to include a sanitized, non-sensitive identifier. Do not put secrets or private tokens in filenames.

Use Device Mode for a quick manual capture

  1. Open the page in Chrome and open DevTools.
  2. Toggle the device toolbar, then select Responsive dimensions or a device profile.
  3. Set the width and height you want to inspect.
  4. Capture the visible viewport using the available DevTools screenshot control.
  5. Repeat for each URL and profile, keeping the settings consistent.

This is practical for a short list, but each page/profile combination requires manual work. The official guide covers emulation and viewport capture; it does not document a batch URL-list workflow.

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Or skip the browser setup

ScreenshotNeo accepts one GET request per screenshot and supports PNG, JPEG, WebP, or PDF output. Here is a cURL call for one URL; request the required desktop or mobile dimensions using the API parameters documented in the ScreenshotNeo API documentation:

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curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webp

ScreenshotNeo accepts cookie or consent banners like a visitor and removes 60+ known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; each of those steps can be turned off. Bot checks, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed, and responses identify the page verdict and billing status in headers. An MCP server gives AI agents tools for screenshots, page information, and PDF capture. The free plan includes 1,000 shots a month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 shots. See ScreenshotNeo for details and sign up free for 1,000 screenshots a month, no card required.

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Keep runs useful and dependable

Wait for the state the screenshot needs

Use a readiness condition tied to the task: the load event for ordinary page loading, a locator becoming visible for a key component, or a short delay for a known delayed effect. Avoid relying on one arbitrary delay for every site. Pages with lazy-loaded images may need scrolling or another deliberate trigger before a full-page capture; otherwise the image may reflect what loaded, not everything the page can eventually show.

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Control pixel-level sources of variation

Keep the browser engine and version, operating system, fonts, viewport, screenshot scope, scale, and loading state consistent where possible. Animations, dynamic content, font availability, and timing can change pixels without a layout regression. Playwright supports screenshot assertions for visual comparisons; see Playwright visual comparisons. Treat a difference as a signal to inspect, not automatic proof of a user-visible defect. The documented guidance does not establish a universal configuration that guarantees identical images across environments.

Balance run time and failure isolation

The sample processes captures sequentially and uses a 60-second navigation timeout, which makes failures easier to associate with a URL/profile but can take longer for a large list. For higher throughput, introduce limited concurrency only after checking the target sites’ capacity and your machine’s resources. Keep per-page error handling so one unavailable page does not discard earlier screenshots, and log the URL and profile alongside errors.

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Troubleshooting

  • Navigation times out: The site may be slow, blocked, or waiting on resources that do not finish. Check the URL in a normal browser, increase the timeout only when justified, or wait for a specific element rather than every network request.
  • A screenshot is blank or incomplete: Confirm navigation succeeded and the expected content is present before capture. For client-rendered pages, wait for a visible content selector; for lazy images, trigger loading before using full-page capture.
  • Mobile looks like desktop: Check that the mobile profile’s viewport is actually applied and that the page has responsive rules. If the test requires mobile emulation behavior, use a device preset rather than dimensions alone.
  • Images differ between runs: Compare browser engine/version, OS, fonts, scale, dimensions, capture scope, and page state. Disable or stabilize animations and dynamic content where feasible, then inspect the diff.
  • Several pages overwrite one file: Ensure the filename contains both a URL-derived identifier and the viewport profile. If distinct query-driven states share a path, add a sanitized state identifier.
  • One bad URL stops the batch: Keep navigation and screenshot errors inside the per-URL try/catch, as in the example, and review the logged failure rather than aborting the whole run.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does a mobile-width screenshot prove the page works on a real phone?

No. Browser emulation checks responsive behavior under simulated conditions; test on physical hardware when device hardware or browser behavior matters.

Should I use a device preset or set only width and height?

Use explicit dimensions for repeatable width checks. Choose a device preset when the emulated device properties, such as touch behavior, are part of the test.

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