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How to Protect a Home Generator and Electrical Equipment During Flooding or Landslides

By Freedom251 Team · · 4 min read

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Safety comes before equipment. Follow evacuation orders, never enter floodwater to move a generator, and do not touch wet electrical equipment or handle it while standing in water. Stay away from downed power lines, damaged buildings and unstable slopes. A portable generator should run only outdoors on dry, stable ground, with its exhaust and required clearances managed as its manual and safety guidance specify. If you cannot meet those conditions, do not run it.

Immediate danger: Leave when officials tell you to. Do not wade or drive through floodwater, approach a moving or unstable slope, or enter a damaged building to retrieve equipment. Floodwater can carry electricity from downed or underground lines. Keep away and contact emergency services or the utility if you see a hazard.

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Before flooding or a landslide

Plan around alerts and safe access

Know how local officials deliver flood and landslide alerts, and decide in advance what you will do if they tell you to leave. If critical electrical equipment can be moved to higher ground well before a hazard, do so only when conditions are safe and the move does not require entering water or approaching unstable ground. No raised base, cover or other product makes equipment safe in floodwater or on moving ground.

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Floods can trigger landslides. The U.S. Geological Survey warns that slides can move quickly or unpredictably, bury homes and damage roads, pipelines, utilities and communications. Its concise warning is: “Landslides are unpredictable.” USGS landslide preparedness guidance explains the hazard; local authorities determine whether a particular place is safe.

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Prepare the generator setup

Read the owner’s manual before an outage. Identify an outdoor location that can remain dry and stable, away from openings and where exhaust can be directed away from the home and other buildings people may enter. Under current CPSC guidance, a portable generator belongs at least 20 feet from the home, with exhaust directed away and openings along its exhaust path closed. Never operate one inside a home, garage, basement, crawlspace, shed or other enclosed space; opening doors or windows does not provide safe ventilation. Follow the manual for the specific model and applicable local requirements. See the CPSC flood safety warning.

If you want generator power for household circuits, arrange for appropriately installed transfer equipment through a qualified electrician. Never plug a generator into a wall receptacle or use a male-to-male extension cord to energize home wiring. Such cords can expose energized prongs and create electrocution and fire risks through backfeeding. The CPSC warning on male-to-male cords describes the hazard.

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During a flood or landslide threat

Do not risk exposure to save equipment

Do not wade into water, cross a flooded area, or go near a slope that may be moving to relocate or operate a generator. Follow evacuation instructions and keep away from downed lines, damaged structures and utility hazards. Floodwater may be electrified, and a landslide can damage the very roads and utility lines needed to reach equipment. FEMA flood safety guidance advises people to avoid floodwater and electrical hazards; the USGS explains landslide dangers.

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Run a generator only if every condition is safe

A generator is not safe to operate simply because it is elevated or covered. It needs dry, stable ground, the required distance from buildings and openings, exhaust directed away, and a location that complies with the manual. If water could reach or pool beneath it, the ground is unstable, the exhaust cannot be kept away from people, or an evacuation is underway, do not run it.

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If the manual permits wet-weather operation, CPSC describes using an open, canopy-like structure on a dry surface where water cannot reach, pool or drain under the generator. Such a canopy is only a limited moisture measure: it is not an enclosure, flood barrier or justification for operating on unsafe ground. Follow the manual and the CPSC portable generator safety alert. Keep hands dry before touching the generator.

For appliances connected directly to a generator, use outdoor-rated extension cords sized for the connected load. Inspect cords for damage and keep plugs and connections out of water. Do not overload the generator or improvise a connection to house wiring.

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After water or slope damage

Wait for clearance and avoid wet equipment

Return only after officials say it is safe. Flood recovery can leave downed power lines and other electrical hazards. Do not touch equipment that is wet, and never handle it while standing in water. If a landslide has affected the property, road or utilities, follow local authorities’ and utility’s direction; do not assume a building or electrical installation is safe because it appears intact.

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Have the electrical system evaluated before use

Before using appliances in a flooded home, have a qualified professional or gas or electric utility evaluate the home. CPSC advises replacing gas control valves, electrical wiring, circuit breakers and fuses that were underwater before appliances are used. Drying components, looking them over or trying to power them on is not a substitute for that evaluation. The CPSC flood warning gives this advice; local qualified professionals and applicable requirements should guide repairs after landslide damage, for which there is no universal homeowner repair procedure.

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Why generator exhaust remains a serious hazard

Carbon monoxide from a generator can be fatal, including when a generator is used outdoors but too close to a building or with exhaust directed toward openings. In its February 5, 2024 flood safety release, the CPSC said nearly 100 U.S. consumers die in an average year from carbon-monoxide poisoning associated with portable generators. The release also cited estimated reductions in CO deaths of 87% for models certified to PGMA G300-2018 and 100% for UL 2201-certified models. Those are CPSC estimates, not guarantees for an individual model or operating situation; safe placement and use remain essential. Read the CPSC release.

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electrical safetyemergency preparednessflood safetygenerator safetyLandslide safety

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