To loop a prerecorded video on YouTube Live, run FFmpeg with -re -stream_loop -1 before the input file, encode it for YouTube’s live ingest, and send it to the stream URL and key from YouTube Live Control Room. The loop option repeats the file indefinitely; -re reads it at real-time pace.
What you need before starting
- An FFmpeg build with the
libx264encoder available. - A video file you have the right to stream, with a valid path on the machine running FFmpeg.
- A YouTube channel eligible to livestream. YouTube says the channel must be verified and have no live-streaming restrictions in the previous 90 days; its minimum age to livestream is 16. See YouTube’s live-streaming eligibility requirements.
- A stream URL and key for the event in YouTube Live Control Room. Treat the key like a password: anyone with it may be able to send a feed to that stream. See YouTube’s encoder setup instructions.
- Reliable upload capacity for the selected video bitrate, plus headroom for network variation.
Set up the YouTube live stream
- Open YouTube Studio and create or select a stream in Live Control Room.
- Copy the stream URL and stream key shown for that stream. Do not post or share the key.
- For a first run, use a private or unlisted stream if available, so you can check the feed before making it public.
YouTube’s workflow separates sending the encoder feed from actually starting a scheduled broadcast: wait for the preview and check the stream health, then use Live Control Room’s Go live control when you are ready. A running FFmpeg process alone does not guarantee the broadcast is public.
Run FFmpeg with an infinite input loop
Replace the file path and destination with your own values. This example targets H.264/AAC at 1080p30-compatible settings:
ffmpeg -re -stream_loop -1 -i "/path/to/video.mp4"
-c:v libx264 -preset veryfast -b:v 14M -minrate 14M -maxrate 14M -bufsize 28M -g 60
-c:a aac -b:a 128k -ar 44100
-f flv "rtmp://YOUR_INGEST_URL/YOUR_STREAM_KEY"
Use the actual ingest destination and key provided by Live Control Room; the placeholder address above is not a usable URL. YouTube recommends RTMPS for encrypted transport where the provided ingest option supports it. Keep the URL and key out of public scripts, screenshots, and logs.
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What the important options do
-rereads the input at its native pace rather than processing the file as fast as possible. This is useful when sending a file as a live stream.-stream_loop -1is an input option that tells FFmpeg to repeat the input indefinitely. The-1value means infinite looping.-iintroduces the input file. FFmpeg input options belong before the input they affect, so keep-reand-stream_loop -1before-i.-c:v libx264encodes video as H.264;-c:a aacencodes audio as AAC.-f flvselects the container used for RTMP-style ingest.-b:v 14Msets the video bitrate. Matching-minrateand-maxratewith-b:vmakes this a CBR-style configuration;-bufsize 28Msets the rate-control buffer.-g 60sets a 60-frame GOP. At 30 fps, that is a keyframe every two seconds.
See the FFmpeg documentation for option behavior and ordering. This command is a starting template, not a tested fit for every file, FFmpeg build, or machine.
Choose bitrate and keyframe settings for your output
YouTube recommends a two-second keyframe interval and says not to exceed four seconds. Its current encoder-settings guidance lists 14 Mbps as the recommended H.264 video bitrate and 5 Mbps as the minimum for 1080p30, with CBR recommended. These are platform recommendations for that resolution and frame rate, not guarantees of stream quality on a particular connection. Consult YouTube’s encoder settings, bitrates, and resolutions for other output formats.
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The example’s -g 60 assumes a 30 fps output. If your output frame rate differs, choose a GOP size that keeps keyframes about two seconds apart—for example, twice the frame rate in frames. If the source has an unusual frame rate, audio format, or aspect ratio, the example may need adjustment; confirm the resulting output in Live Control Room rather than assuming the source properties match the encoder settings.
YouTube recommends leaving approximately 20% upload-bandwidth room beyond the total streaming bitrate. If the connection cannot sustain the selected bitrate with that margin, lower the output resolution and bitrate using YouTube’s guidance rather than running at the edge of available upload capacity. Test and monitor the feed as described in YouTube’s streaming tips.
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Test, go live, and stop the stream
- Start the command and watch FFmpeg’s output for encoding or connection errors.
- Wait for the stream preview in Live Control Room. Check that video motion, framing, and audio are right and that stream health is acceptable.
- For a scheduled broadcast, select Go live in Live Control Room once the preview is ready. Keep monitoring the encoder and stream health.
- To finish, stop the FFmpeg process and end the broadcast in Live Control Room as appropriate for the event’s stream settings. Follow YouTube’s encoder workflow.
Copyright and monetization considerations
Only stream videos and audio you have permission to use. Repeating a file does not grant rights to its contents or remove YouTube’s copyright and platform rules. A technically successful stream also does not establish eligibility for monetization; review YouTube’s current policies and the rights attached to the material before broadcasting.
Troubleshooting FFmpeg-to-YouTube loops
- FFmpeg connects, but YouTube shows no preview: Check that the stream URL and key belong to the selected event, that the key was copied completely, and that the channel can livestream. Allow time for the preview to appear.
- Connection fails immediately: Recheck the ingest address and key, verify that the machine has internet access, and confirm that the destination uses the protocol and address YouTube supplied. Keep the key private while troubleshooting.
- The stream buffers or health warnings appear: The upload connection may not sustain the configured total bitrate. Reduce resolution or bitrate and preserve YouTube’s recommended upload headroom.
- The picture or audio is missing, distorted, or out of sync: Test the file locally and check its stream properties. The sample’s H.264/AAC settings may need adjustment for the source, FFmpeg build, or desired output.
- The video plays once instead of repeating: Make sure
-stream_loop -1appears before-ifor the input file being looped. - The stream ends when the computer or process stops: This FFmpeg method depends on the machine, process, and internet connection running continuously. For a 24/7 stream, plan for power, network, and process interruptions.
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