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Freedom251 › Blog › GST

How to Keep GST Invoices and Purchase Records for Input Tax Credit Claims

By Freedom251 Team · · 4 min read

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To support an Indian GST input tax credit (ITC) claim, keep each purchase invoice or other prescribed tax document together with records that show what you received, how the purchase was recorded, and how the related tax and ITC were reported. Maintain the required accounts at the registered places of business, make paper or electronic records retrievable, and retain them for the statutory period. An invoice by itself does not establish that a credit is eligible.

Set up a record trail for every purchase

Use the GST record categories as the backbone of your purchase file. Keep the source documents, the purchase entry and the related tax and ITC records linked so that an entry can be traced back to its evidence. That linkage is a practical way to make the records usable; the rules do not prescribe a particular filing system or software format.

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Keep the source documents relevant to the transaction

  • Purchase-side tax invoices and debit notes.
  • Credit notes and delivery challans connected with the purchase.
  • Receipt and payment vouchers, refund vouchers, bills of supply and e-way bills where relevant.

Maintain registers of tax invoices, credit notes, debit notes and delivery challans received or issued during the tax period. Also keep an account of ITC claimed and tax payable, collected and paid. These record categories are set out in the [Accounts and Records Rules](https://cbic-gst.gov.in/pdf/ CGST-Rules-2017-Part-A-Rules.pdf).

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Record where and what the business does

The CGST Act requires true and correct accounts of inward and outward supplies, stock, ITC availed, and output tax payable and paid. Records relating to each registered additional place of business must also be maintained. Keep the records at the principal place of business and relevant additional places shown in the registration certificate, as applicable. The rules call for records to be maintained separately for activities such as manufacturing, trading and services. They also require supplier names and full addresses and, for taxpayers other than composition taxpayers, stock details including opening balance, receipts, supplies, losses, write-offs and closing balance. See CGST Act sections 35 and 36.

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Check the invoice before relying on it

CBIC’s invoice FAQ identifies key details to check: supplier name, address and GSTIN; recipient name, address and GSTIN if registered; a unique invoice number and issue date; description and value of goods; tax rate and amount; and signature. Compare the invoice with the purchase entry and the transaction documents, and keep any correction or amendment with a traceable record of the change. See the CBIC FAQ on invoice details.

Understand what an invoice does—and does not—prove

Possession of a tax invoice or debit note from a registered supplier, or another prescribed tax-paying document, is one condition for claiming ITC under the Act. The Act also lists receipt of the goods or services, payment of the charged tax to the Government and filing the section 39 return, alongside other statutory provisions and restrictions. Review the conditions applicable to the particular transaction rather than treating a document check as a complete eligibility test.

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  • CONSECUTIVELY NUMBERED: Large 6-digit numbers in the upper right hand corner help you thumb through orders quickly

A separate payment rule generally applies if the recipient does not pay the supplier the value of the supply plus tax within 180 days: the ITC availed is added to output tax liability with interest in the prescribed manner, and credit may be taken again after payment. The rule excludes reverse-charge supplies from this 180-day proviso. Consult the applicable provisions for the transaction and any relevant exceptions.

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Do not rely on the September-based deadline displayed in the CBIC-hosted Act text for section 16(4) as current advice. That page’s wording may be older; check the current amended statutory text and applicable notifications for the deadline that applies to your claim.

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Choose paper, digital or a mixed filing method

Electronic accounts are permitted, so the practical choice is a record method that preserves the required documents and registers and lets you retrieve them when needed. A paper register can help organize entries, but it does not replace invoices, vouchers or other source documents. Digital or mixed records need the same attention to completeness and retrieval as paper files.

  • Can each purchase entry be traced to its source invoice and related transaction records?
  • Are all required document types and tax/ITC registers captured?
  • Can records be found at the relevant registered places of business?
  • For electronic records, are edits and deletions logged, and are backups available?
  • Can records be produced in readable form on demand and retained for the required period?

Back up electronic records and be ready to produce them

The rules require proper electronic backups so information can be restored within a reasonable period after accidental or natural loss. Electronic edits or deletions must have a log. On demand, records must be producible in authenticated hard copy or readable electronic form. If requested, the registered person must provide access details, explain codes and record layout, and supply sample print copies. See the [CGST Rules on electronic records](https://cbic-gst.gov.in/pdf/ CGST-Rules-2017-Part-A-Rules.pdf).

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Retain records for the statutory period

The ordinary retention period is 72 months from the due date for furnishing the annual return for the year to which the accounts and records relate. If records concern an appeal, revision, other proceeding or an investigation for an offence under Chapter XIX, retain them until one year after final disposal or until the ordinary period expires, whichever is later. The period is set out in CGST Act section 36; calculate it by reference to the relevant year and any proceeding affecting the records.

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Quick Recap

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