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Random freezes, missing sound and display glitches usually trace back to one bad driver. Find and replace yours safely.Free scan · under a minuteYou can sometimes find public energy and water indicators for a named data center, but a complete site-level utility total may not be disclosed. Start by confirming the facility and its operator, check official records for its location, and inspect the operator’s filings. Treat certifications, portfolio totals and national estimates as clues—not as the facility’s measured consumption.
1. Identify the exact facility and operator
Before looking for utility figures, establish which facility you mean. Data center campuses can contain multiple buildings, and similar names or ownership changes can make records easy to misattribute. Collect the facility name, location, owner or operator, and any construction or certification history. Check that each record refers to the same site and reporting boundary.
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A public facility listing can help with identification. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s ENERGY STAR certified data center list includes facility name, state, owner, floor area, construction year and certification years. EPA says it displays only the state to address security concerns. Certification is a useful lead and efficiency signal; the listing is not an annual energy or water bill.
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For a U.S. facility
Check the ENERGY STAR listing and the operator’s own disclosures, but do not expect a general-purpose federal building dataset to supply a site-specific total. The U.S. Energy Information Administration groups standalone data center buildings in the “Other” category of its Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS), rather than reporting them as a separate building type. Its 2018 pilot found that a high-quality sampling frame and industry cooperation would be needed for statistically valid data center building estimates; water consumption data was not collected in 2018. CBECS therefore does not provide a current standalone estimate for a named facility. See the EIA’s 2018 data center pilot.
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For a facility in the European Union
Check the European Commission’s data center reporting database for a record matching the specific site. EU reporting covers energy performance and water footprint for data centers within scope under the Energy Efficiency Directive and Delegated Regulation 2024/1364. A record’s existence, year and boundaries matter: confirm which facility it covers and what period its indicators represent.
The delegated regulation calls for measuring water entering the data center boundary and used in relation to its functions, and identifying the WUE category used. Read the regulation’s reporting requirements alongside any database entry so you understand the stated boundary and category. EU reporting is a potential source for in-scope facilities, not proof that every individual facility has a public record.
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3. Read operator reports for scope, not just headline numbers
Search the operator’s sustainability report, annual report and regulatory filings. For each number, note the reporting year, assets covered, geographic boundary, and whether the figure is site-specific or aggregated across a portfolio. Check whether leased assets are included, whether the scope is limited to managed assets, which energy sources are counted, and whether the value is measured, estimated or externally assured.
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Digital Realty’s 2024 SEC filing illustrates why those details matter: its energy data coverage is for managed assets, and it describes energy categories and water sourcing and efficiency. A portfolio figure cannot be assigned to one named facility without a defensible allocation method. If the filing does not give a site-level value, say so rather than dividing the portfolio total among sites.
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4. Understand what PUE and WUE can—and cannot—tell you
Power usage effectiveness (PUE) and water usage effectiveness (WUE) are ratios for describing efficiency, not standalone measures of total consumption. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Federal Energy Management Program defines PUE as “PUE = (Total Facility Annual Energy Use (kWh))/(IT Equipment Annual Energy Use (kWh))”. It defines WUE as “WUE = (Annual Site Water Usage (liters))/(IT Equipment Annual Energy Use (kWh))”. See DOE’s cooling-water efficiency guidance.
To interpret either ratio as part of a consumption picture, you need the underlying IT energy, the period, and the measurement boundary. EPA’s ENERGY STAR data center rating methodology measures IT energy at the UPS output; see its technical reference. A reported PUE based on a different boundary may not be directly comparable.
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WUE also depends on how a facility cools and where it operates. DOE notes that for sites using cooling towers, water consumption relates to heat load and the efficiency of heat removal. Do not infer water use from PUE, or apply a generic WUE to a facility without knowing its conditions and metric scope.
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If no site-level disclosure is available, an estimate is useful only when its method and limits are explicit. State the facility boundary, period, location, inputs, assumptions and uncertainty; distinguish modeled consumption from a meter reading. If the available data cannot support a credible site estimate, report that the figure was not disclosed or found rather than inventing precision.
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- SAFETY YOU CAN TRUST WITH UL CERTIFICATION: With Emporia Energy, your home energy monitoring is safe, reliable, and certified. The Emporia Vue is UL Listed, meaning it has met rigorous safety standards for electrical products in the U.S. and Canada. This certification ensures that every component has been thoroughly tested to prevent hazards, such as overheating, short-circuiting, or fire, offering you peace of mind as you manage your home’s energy consumption.
- INSTALLS IN CIRCUIT PANEL of most homes with clamp-on sensors. Supports Single phase, Single-split phase, and 2-wire systems. 3-wire systems; 3-phase, 4-wire Wye systems with earthed (TN or TT) neutral (no-Delta) are supported with an additional 200A sensor (sold separately).
- 24/7 ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING: Automate, manage and control your home's real power anywhere, anytime to prevent costly repairs, conserve energy, and save costs. Monitor solar / net metering. PROTECTED BY A 1-YEAR WARRANTY.
- LOWER YOUR ELECTRIC BILL: Configure settings in the Emporia Energy App to automate energy management for time of use, peak demand, excess solar, and rewards programs. You can even see live reporting and invaluable savings opportunities instantly. Gauge real-time spending and get actionable notifications and automated energy management to help you reduce costs.
- REAL-TIME ENERGY DATA: REQUIRES 2.4 GHz WIFI WITH AN INTERNET CONNECTION to monitor energy use with iPhone / Android / Web app. Vue sensors collect energy data and are accurate from ±2%. The Vue is UL and CE Listed for your safety. 1 second data is only available in the app (when actively open) and retained 3 hours. Minute and hour data are retained in the cloud. 1 minute data is retained 7 days, 1 hour data is retained indefinitely. Export cloud data whenever you want in the app.
National studies can provide context but not a substitute for a facility’s records. DOE summarized U.S. data center electricity use as 58 TWh in 2014 and 176 TWh in 2023, with a projected range of 325–580 TWh in 2028; these are national estimates and projections, not measurements of an individual site. See the DOE’s 2024 summary.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory’s 2025 update estimates data centers could account for 11.8% of total U.S. electricity by 2030, with modeled scenarios ranging from 9.5% to 15.3%. Its bottom-up approach uses planned IT equipment shipments, per-device electricity models, cooling simulations, facility types and locations. These are national projections, not a named facility’s measured use; see the LBNL 2025 report.
6. Make comparisons only after aligning the disclosures
Two reported figures are comparable only if their periods and boundaries line up. Use this checklist before comparing facilities or operators:
- Reporting year and geographic boundary.
- Site-specific figure versus portfolio aggregate.
- Total facility energy versus IT energy, including which fuels are counted.
- Direct site water versus a broader or indirect water footprint.
- Water source, such as potable or non-potable, where stated.
- Measured versus modeled value, with uncertainty and data coverage.
- Efficiency ratios such as PUE or WUE versus absolute annual consumption.
If a key scope or period is missing, flag the comparison as incomplete instead of implying the figures describe the same thing.
What to report when no site-level total is public
For a named facility, report the strongest evidence actually available: a matching official record, a clearly scoped operator disclosure, or a transparently described estimate. If you find only a certification, efficiency ratio, portfolio total or national model, identify it accurately and state that it does not establish the facility’s absolute annual energy or water use. A missing public figure is a valid finding; it is better than presenting an unsupported estimate as fact.
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