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Freedom251 › Blog › India finance

How to File a Complaint About a SEBI-Regulated Investment in India

By Freedom251 Team · · 3 min read

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If you have a grievance about a broker, mutual fund, listed company or another SEBI-regulated entity, complain to that entity first. If its response is unsatisfactory, escalate through the current SCORES portal. If the dispute remains unresolved, you may be able to use SEBI’s SMART ODR process. SCORES facilitates grievance redressal; it does not guarantee compensation or replace dispute resolution.

Where should you complain about a broker or mutual fund?

Start with the entity involved: for example, your broker, a mutual-fund asset management company, a listed company, an intermediary or a market infrastructure institution. Contact its designated grievance or compliance official using the entity’s official channel. Keep a copy of your complaint, any reference number and the response, along with relevant account statements, transaction details and correspondence.

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SEBI says investors should first take their grievance to the concerned entity. SCORES is the next escalation when that response is unsatisfactory. It is an online grievance-redressal facilitation platform, not a promise that SEBI will award compensation.

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How to file a complaint on the current SCORES portal

  1. Open the current portal: Go to https://scores.sebi.gov.in and register or sign in.
  2. Select the complaint category and entity: Choose the relevant complaint category and nature of grievance, then identify the SEBI-regulated entity involved.
  3. Describe the issue clearly: State what happened, when it happened, what steps you took with the entity and what response you received. Make the requested resolution clear and include relevant dates or transaction references.
  4. Provide supporting information: Submit documents that substantiate the grievance, such as the entity’s response, transaction records or correspondence. Keep copies of what you submit.
  5. Submit and track: Use the portal to submit the complaint and monitor its status and reports. Do not send the grievance to a SEBI email address; the portal says grievances sent by email will not be entertained.

New complaints belong on the current portal. The old SCORES site stopped accepting new complaints on March 28, 2024; it remains relevant for old pending complaints and their associated action reports.

Who can use SCORES, and what complaints are excluded?

SCORES is intended for securities-market grievances against entities within SEBI’s remit, including listed companies, registered intermediaries and market infrastructure institutions. It is not the right channel for an issue regulated by another authority or for a matter unrelated to securities-market investment.

SEBI’s current FAQ lists exclusions that include anonymous or incomplete submissions, complaints that do not identify the issue sufficiently, unsupported allegations, requests for information or advice, market-intelligence reports, and matters pending in court or specified online dispute-resolution proceedings. Check the current SCORES FAQ before filing, especially if your complaint overlaps with a proceeding already underway. Information about suspected violations that is not a personal grievance should be sent through the separate MI Portal, as directed by the FAQ.

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What are the SCORES response and review deadlines?

SEBI’s current portal guidance gives the entity 21 calendar days to submit its Action Taken Report. After receiving that report, you can request a first-level review within 15 days. If you remain dissatisfied with the designated body’s report, the portal provides for a second-level review request within 15 days of receiving that report. Follow the deadlines and instructions shown in your complaint account and the live portal, since procedural rules can change.

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The current FAQ says a complaint should generally be lodged within one year from the cause of action. File promptly and consult the live FAQ for current eligibility and timing rules rather than relying on older descriptions of the process.

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What to do if SCORES does not resolve the complaint

If you remain dissatisfied, consider SEBI’s SMART ODR route. It is an online dispute-resolution process, distinct from SCORES grievance facilitation. Depending on the case, the process may move through pre-conciliation, conciliation and, if conciliation fails, arbitration.

You must first take the matter up with the intermediary. Eligibility differs by type of regulated entity, so check SEBI’s current ODR instructions before starting; not every investment dispute necessarily qualifies. Keep the complaint, responses and supporting records from the entity and SCORES process available for the ODR steps.

How the three routes differ

Route Purpose When to use it Key point
Entity grievance channel Ask the company or intermediary to address the complaint first. First step for a grievance about a SEBI-regulated entity. Keep the complaint, reference number and response.
SCORES Facilitate grievance escalation, tracking and review through SEBI’s portal. When the entity’s response is unsatisfactory. It is not a compensation guarantee or a substitute for dispute resolution.
SMART ODR Resolve eligible disputes online through possible pre-conciliation, conciliation and arbitration. If the grievance remains unresolved and the dispute meets current eligibility rules. Check current SEBI instructions; eligibility varies by entity type.

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