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Freedom251 › Blog › browser automation

How to Capture Screenshots of Multiple URLs with Puppeteer on Windows

By Freedom251 Team · · 6 min read

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To capture multiple URLs on Windows, install Node.js and Puppeteer, launch one browser, then loop through your URL list and save each page with page.screenshot(). The steps below work for readers in India as well; Puppeteer’s current documentation does not specify a separate India setup.

What you need on Windows

  • Node.js 22.12 or later and Windows x64 are the current documented baseline for Chrome for Testing. Check Puppeteer’s supported browsers and system requirements before installing, because these requirements can change.
  • Use a project folder with npm. Puppeteer’s puppeteer package normally downloads a compatible Chrome for Testing browser during installation. Puppeteer estimates that Windows browser download at about 280 MB; that is the project’s approximate download figure, not a measured performance result. See the installation guide.
  • On Windows, unpacking Chrome for Testing requires tar.exe or PowerShell unless the optional yauzl dependency is installed.

Install Puppeteer

  1. Open PowerShell in the folder where you want the script and run npm init -y.
  2. Install Puppeteer with npm install puppeteer. The package normally downloads a compatible browser, so you do not have to find a Chrome executable yourself.
  3. Create a file named capture.mjs in the project folder. The .mjs extension lets Node.js run the example as an ES module without changing the project’s package settings.

Choose puppeteer-core instead only if you intend to manage the browser yourself. It does not download Chrome; you must provide a compatible executable path or channel when launching it. The full puppeteer package is the simpler starting point for this script. Details are in Puppeteer’s installation documentation.

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Run a sequential multi-URL screenshot script

Paste this into capture.mjs. Replace the sample URLs with the pages you are authorized to access.

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import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
import { mkdir } from 'node:fs/promises';

const urls = [
  'https://example.com/',
  'https://www.wikipedia.org/',
];

await mkdir('screenshots', { recursive: true });
const browser = await puppeteer.launch();

try {
  for (let i = 0; i < urls.length; i++) {
    const page = await browser.newPage();
    try {
      const response = await page.goto(urls[i], {
        waitUntil: 'networkidle2',
        timeout: 45_000,
      });
      const status = response?.status();
      const filename = `screenshots/page-${String(i + 1).padStart(3, '0')}.png`;
      await page.screenshot({ path: filename, fullPage: true });
      console.log(`${status ?? 'no response'} ${urls[i]} -> ${filename}`);
    } catch (error) {
      console.error(`Failed: ${urls[i]}`, error);
    } finally {
      await page.close();
    }
  }
} finally {
  await browser.close();
}

Run it from PowerShell in the project folder with node .capture.mjs. The script creates a screenshots directory and writes one PNG per URL. It uses one browser for the whole list, opens and closes a page for each URL, and continues to the next URL if an individual navigation or capture fails. The outer finally closes the browser even if the loop encounters an error.

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Puppeteer’s documented capture method is Page.screenshot(); the loop and filename scheme are ordinary JavaScript implementation choices, not a separate Puppeteer batch feature. See the official screenshots guide.

Choose what part of each page to capture

Viewport screenshot

By default, a screenshot captures the current viewport. Set the viewport before navigation if you want consistent dimensions:

await page.setViewport({ width: 1365, height: 768, deviceScaleFactor: 1 });

Place this after browser.newPage() and before page.goto(). A viewport image shows what fits in that browser window; it does not include the whole document.

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Full-page screenshot

The example sets fullPage: true to capture the full page rather than only the visible viewport. Very long pages can create large images, and dynamic pages may continue to load or change as they render. Check the resulting image and dimensions for your target pages.

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Element screenshot

To capture one element, find it and call the element handle’s screenshot method rather than capturing the entire page:

const element = await page.waitForSelector('main article');
if (!element) throw new Error('Target element was not found');
await element.screenshot({ path: 'screenshots/article.png' });

Replace main article with a selector that identifies the content you need. Puppeteer documents page and element capture in its screenshots guide.

Make the batch more reliable

Wait for the right page state

The example uses waitUntil: 'networkidle2', which appears in Puppeteer’s screenshot example and is a useful starting point. Some sites maintain background network requests, while others render important content after network activity settles. For a known page, waiting for a meaningful selector can be more reliable:

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await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 45_000 });
await page.waitForSelector('main', { timeout: 15_000 });

Choose a selector that signals the content you need, not merely a generic element that appears before the page is ready. No single wait strategy guarantees identical timing across unrelated sites.

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Handle filenames and repeated URLs

The sample uses a zero-padded list index, so it avoids unsafe filenames derived from raw URLs and gives every list position a distinct path. If you instead create names from hostnames, sanitize characters that are invalid or awkward in Windows paths and add collision handling: the same URL can occur more than once, and different URLs can share a hostname.

Decide how failures should affect the run

The sample catches an error for each URL, logs it, and proceeds. That is useful when partial output is acceptable. If every screenshot is required, collect failures and make the process exit unsuccessfully after the loop. Also inspect the logged HTTP status and the rendered page: a PNG file being saved does not prove that the intended content loaded successfully.

Keep concurrency modest

Sequential capture is the simplest way to start. If you later open several pages at once, cap the number of concurrent pages: each page consumes resources, and bursts can add pressure to the target site. There is no universally optimal concurrency number for all machines and sites.

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Respect access limits

Automate only pages you are authorized to access. Respect site terms and rate limits, and do not use automation to bypass authentication or anti-bot controls.

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Windows troubleshooting

“Could not find Chrome” after installation

An installation manager may have blocked package lifecycle scripts, preventing Puppeteer’s browser download. Run npx puppeteer browsers install from the project folder, or configure the package manager to permit Puppeteer’s install script. See the installation guide.

Browser cache is missing or inaccessible

Puppeteer uses a user-home cache by default. You can choose another location with PUPPETEER_CACHE_DIR or a Puppeteer configuration file; if you change download configuration, reinstall the browser where required. Follow the current configuration guide and troubleshooting guide for the applicable setup.

Chrome will not launch under a managed policy

Puppeteer’s troubleshooting documentation describes an environment-specific conflict: some Chrome policies enforce extensions while Puppeteer disables extensions by default. It documents enableExtensions: true as a workaround. Use it only if that policy conflict applies to your environment, and consult the troubleshooting guide.

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Windows sandbox reports “Access is denied”

Puppeteer says it attempts sandbox permission setup using Chrome’s setup.exe starting with v22.14.0. For older versions or persistent problems, its troubleshooting guide gives an icacls command for the downloaded Chrome directory. In a managed environment, ask the local administrator to resolve the permission issue rather than broadly loosening permissions.

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HTTP navigation fails with net::ERR_BLOCKED_BY_CLIENT

Puppeteer documents Chrome for Testing’s HTTPS-first warning behavior for some remote HTTP pages. Prefer the HTTPS version when the site provides one. If an older destination is HTTP-only, inspect the browser warning and follow the guidance in the troubleshooting guide.

Or skip the browser setup

ScreenshotNeo can return a screenshot from one GET request, without installing Puppeteer or managing a local Chrome browser. Cookie banners are accepted like a visitor and removed along with 60+ known consent platforms, newsletter popups and chat widgets; each cleanup step can be turned off. Bot checks or CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads and cache hits are not billed, and the response identifies the page verdict and billing status in headers. ScreenshotNeo also has an MCP server with screenshot tools for AI agents.

For multiple URLs, call the endpoint once per URL; this example captures one:

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curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://example.com -o shot.webp

See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for setup and options. The free plan includes 1,000 screenshots per month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 screenshots. Sign up for 1,000 free screenshots a month, with no card required.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does this Puppeteer setup need to change because I am in India?

Puppeteer’s documentation does not specify a separate India procedure. The setup here follows its Windows x64 requirements; local connectivity or organization policies may affect browser downloads.

Can the script save JPEG or WebP instead of PNG?

Yes. Set the screenshot type to jpeg or webp and use the matching file extension; check Puppeteer’s current screenshot API documentation for supported options.

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browser automationNode.jsPuppeteerweb screenshotsWindows

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