In Selenium 4, configure a proxy on the browser options before starting the driver, open the page, wait for the content you need, and save the screenshot with driver.save_screenshot(). The example below uses Python and a manually configured HTTP proxy; replace the example address with an endpoint you are authorized to use.
Set up Selenium and configure the proxy
Install Selenium in the Python environment where the script will run:
python -m pip install selenium
Selenium Manager can handle browser-driver setup in modern Selenium installations. If you manage ChromeDriver yourself, Selenium’s Chrome documentation says its major version must match Chrome’s. See Selenium’s Chrome-specific documentation for the current setup guidance.
For a manual proxy, assign a Selenium Proxy object to ChromeOptions, then pass the options when creating the driver:
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from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import Proxy, ProxyType
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.proxy = Proxy({
"proxyType": ProxyType.MANUAL,
"httpProxy": "proxy.example:8080",
})
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
try:
driver.get("https://example.com")
driver.save_screenshot("screenshot.png")
finally:
driver.quit()
This follows Selenium’s documented Python options pattern: Browser Options — Selenium. The proxy is an intermediary for browser requests. The example only shows a manual HTTP proxy endpoint; it does not specify provider-dependent HTTPS routing, authentication, or certificate configuration. Follow your proxy provider’s current instructions for those details.
Wait for the page content you intend to capture
driver.get() uses Selenium’s default page-load strategy, which waits for the document’s ready state to become complete. That state does not guarantee that a single-page application or other JavaScript-driven page has finished rendering. Wait for a meaningful condition on the target page instead of relying on a fixed sleep.
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For example, replace the navigation and capture portion with a wait for a heading that should be visible in the finished view:
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
# After driver has been created:
driver.get("https://example.com")
WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(
EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "h1"))
)
driver.save_screenshot("screenshot.png")
Choose a selector that represents the content you actually need. If the page shows a loading indicator, waiting for it to disappear may be a better condition. The appropriate signal is site-specific. Selenium explains the difference between navigation completion and application readiness in its page-load strategy documentation.
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Capture the viewport or one element
driver.save_screenshot("screenshot.png") saves the current browser window as a PNG; it is not necessarily a full-page capture. The Python API returns a boolean, so you can check whether saving succeeded. Selenium recommends using a full path where useful to avoid uncertainty about the destination:
saved = driver.save_screenshot("/absolute/path/screenshot.png")
if not saved:
raise RuntimeError("Screenshot could not be saved")
If you need only a particular component, locate it and call the element screenshot method:
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element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "main article")
element.screenshot("article.png")
Python’s Chrome Options API includes the proxy property and Selenium’s Python APIs describe the available screenshot methods: selenium.webdriver.chrome.options. For window and tab behavior, see Working with windows and tabs — Selenium.
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For a Selenium Grid or other Remote WebDriver setup, configure the browser Options instance and pass it to the remote session so the requested browser and its proxy settings are included. The Grid URL and infrastructure configuration depend on your deployment; the local webdriver.Chrome(options=options) example is not itself a remote setup.
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Troubleshooting
- The site shows your usual network location. Confirm the proxy endpoint and mode are valid for the browser traffic you intend to route, and check your provider’s instructions for HTTPS handling. The generic Selenium example does not establish authentication or certificate syntax.
- The screenshot misses content or shows a loading state. Navigation completion can precede app rendering. Add an explicit wait for the target content or for a page-specific loading indicator to disappear.
- The screenshot file is missing or empty. Use an absolute output path and check the return value of
save_screenshot(). Ensure the process can write to the destination directory. - Chrome fails to start because of driver compatibility. Check that Chrome and ChromeDriver major versions match if you manage the driver manually. Modern Selenium can use Selenium Manager for browser-driver installation.
- The browser remains running after an exception. Keep driver creation and page work inside a
tryblock and calldriver.quit()infinally, as in the runnable example.
Or skip the browser setup
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Frequently Asked Questions
Does Selenium’s proxy example configure an authenticated proxy?
No. The documented generic Python example shows a manual proxy host and port; authentication configuration depends on the proxy provider and environment.
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Can I use the proxy with Selenium Grid?
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