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1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteUse a browser automation tool to capture each URL and build the output filename from that URL. For reliable batches, sanitize the URL for filesystem use, add a short hash to prevent collisions, and keep a manifest mapping each saved image to its original URL. Playwright gives you flexible control in code; shot-scraper offers a YAML-driven multi-page workflow.
Choose a batch workflow
For a recurring or custom job, use Playwright: you can control navigation, readiness checks, filenames, and failures in one script. For a known list with straightforward capture settings, shot-scraper’s multi command reads a YAML file with a URL and output path for each image. Playwright CLI is handy for one-off captures, but a script or configuration is easier to maintain as a batch grows.
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These approaches differ in flexibility, not in a universal maximum batch size. The cited documentation does not establish a best tool for every batch or site type.
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Use Playwright to name screenshots from URLs
Install Playwright and its Chromium browser in a Node.js project using the Playwright documentation. Save one URL per line in urls.txt, then create capture.mjs with the following script. It records both the requested URL and final URL, writes a filename based on the host and path, and adds a short SHA-256 suffix so similar paths or query variants do not overwrite one another.
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import { chromium } from 'playwright';
import { createHash } from 'node:crypto';
import { mkdir, readFile, writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
import path from 'node:path';
const outputDir = 'screenshots';
const urls = (await readFile('urls.txt', 'utf8'))
.split(/r?n/)
.map(line => line.trim())
.filter(Boolean);
await mkdir(outputDir, { recursive: true });
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const manifest = [];
try {
for (const [index, url] of urls.entries()) {
const page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1440, height: 900 } });
const safePart = new URL(url).hostname + new URL(url).pathname;
const slug = safePart
.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9._-]+/g, '-')
.replace(/-+/g, '-')
.replace(/^[-.]+|[-.]+$/g, '')
.slice(0, 100) || 'page';
const hash = createHash('sha256').update(url).digest('hex').slice(0, 10);
const filename = `${String(index + 1).padStart(3, '0')}-${slug}-${hash}.png`;
const outputPath = path.join(outputDir, filename);
try {
await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 30000 });
await page.screenshot({ path: outputPath, fullPage: true });
manifest.push({ url, finalUrl: page.url(), filename, status: 'ok' });
} catch (error) {
manifest.push({ url, filename, status: 'error', error: String(error) });
} finally {
await page.close();
}
}
} finally {
await browser.close();
await writeFile('screenshots-manifest.json', JSON.stringify(manifest, null, 2));
}Run it with node capture.mjs. The script writes PNGs under screenshots/ and a JSON manifest beside them. It uses domcontentloaded as a reasonable starting point, not a guarantee that every site’s important content is ready. For pages with late-loading content, replace that wait with a page-specific condition—for example, waiting for a selector that identifies the content you need—before taking the screenshot.
What the filename preserves
The host and path make files readable; the hash differentiates URLs that would otherwise map to the same cleaned text, including URLs with different query strings. The numeric prefix also preserves the input order. The filename is not a reversible encoding of the full URL, so the manifest retains the exact original URL and the final URL after redirects.
Sanitization rules are implementation choices rather than a canonical standard prescribed by Playwright. The script replaces characters that are awkward in filenames, compresses repeated hyphens, trims edge punctuation, and caps the readable portion. If your workflow requires reversible provenance, use the manifest rather than trying to reconstruct the URL from the filename.
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Configure multiple URLs with shot-scraper
For a configuration-based batch, create a YAML file with an entry per page, specifying each url and output. Then run the documented shot-scraper multi command against that file. The shot-scraper documentation shows this workflow and supports per-image dimensions, waits, and selectors. Set explicit output names for predictable URL-linked filenames; the single-page command’s URL-derived default is not a substitute for naming every output deliberately in a batch.
Use the same slug-and-hash principle as in the Playwright example when choosing YAML output names. The documentation does not prescribe a standard sanitization, URL encoding, or collision policy.
Choose viewport or full-page capture
- Viewport: captures what is visible in the browser window. Use it when comparing page layouts at a fixed screen size.
- Full page: captures the page’s full scrollable document as one tall image. Playwright’s API supports
fullPage: true; its CLI also has a--full-pageoption. Very long pages can produce unwieldy files, so use full-page capture when the whole page is useful to inspect.
For visual comparisons, keep the browser, viewport dimensions, device scale, and capture timing consistent. Playwright notes that rendering can vary with operating system, browser version, settings, hardware, power source, and headless mode in its visual comparisons documentation.
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Playwright’s screenshot API supports CSS-pixel and device-pixel scale. CSS scale produces one output pixel per CSS pixel; device scale uses device pixels and can create larger images on high-DPI setups. See the screenshot API options when image dimensions matter.
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Keep the batch auditable and handle failures
Store the requested URL, final URL when redirects matter, output filename, capture time, and status for every item. The example manifest records most of these fields; add a timestamp if the capture set needs a time record. Keep failed entries instead of silently skipping them, so a partial batch is visible and can be rerun selectively.
- Duplicate or overwritten files: use an index and URL hash in addition to the sanitized host and path.
- Missing or incomplete page content: replace a generic load event with a condition tied to the page content you need. A fixed delay can help on a known site, but a page-specific readiness check is more robust where load times vary.
- Changing screenshots between runs: dynamic content, animations, personalization, cookie banners, and delayed assets can change captures. Handle these based on the site and comparison goal rather than assuming one universal delay.
- Very long images: choose viewport captures if the task is a consistent screen comparison; use full-page capture only when the complete document is needed.
- Redirected pages: preserve both the input URL and final browser URL in the manifest so the filename’s identity can be checked against what was actually captured.
Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo can capture a URL through one request, with output formats including PNG, JPEG, WebP, or PDF. Before capture, it accepts the cookie or consent banner as a visitor and removes more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets; each step can be turned off. Bot checks and CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed, and responses identify the page verdict and billing status in headers. It also provides an MCP server with screenshot, page-info, and PDF tools for AI agents. The free plan includes 1,000 screenshots per month without a card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 screenshots. See ScreenshotNeo and its API documentation.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpTo capture one page from the command line, replace the target URL with your page’s URL and provide your API key. The response image can then be renamed or saved under a URL-derived filename by your batch script.
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For an occasional capture, Playwright CLI accepts a custom filename; without --filename, its documented default is timestamp-based. Use --full-page when you need the full scrollable page. The CLI screenshot documentation lists the current command options. For a list of URLs with URL-based filenames and per-page error handling, a script or shot-scraper YAML configuration avoids manually issuing and renaming each capture.
Common troubleshooting
A page times out or captures blank
Sites may take longer to render than the default navigation timeout or require a later page state. Increase the timeout if appropriate and wait for a meaningful selector rather than adding the same arbitrary delay to every URL. Log the error and status in the manifest to identify pages that need a different readiness condition.
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Two pages produce the same filename
Sanitization can collapse distinct paths into the same readable slug. Add a short hash of the complete input URL, including query string, as in the Playwright example; retain the original URL in the manifest.
The screenshot differs between runs
Standardize browser and capture settings and account for dynamic page elements. Operating system, browser version, hardware, and headless mode can affect rendering, as described in Playwright’s visual comparison guidance.
The image is much larger than expected
A full-page screenshot can be very tall, while device-pixel scale can increase output dimensions on high-DPI devices. Use viewport capture or CSS-pixel scale when those better match the job.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I save a screenshot with the page URL in the filename?
Create a filesystem-safe slug from the URL’s host and path, add a short hash to distinguish collisions, and keep the exact URL in a manifest.
How can I take screenshots of a list of URLs?
Read one URL per line into a Playwright script, or define each URL and output in shot-scraper’s multi-image YAML configuration.
Quick Recap
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