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Check whether the purchase qualifies for ITC
Under sections 16 and 17 of India’s CGST framework, a purchase must meet legal conditions before its tax can be claimed as credit. Apply these checks to each purchase rather than assuming that every tax amount recorded in your books—or shown in a portal statement—is claimable.
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- Business use: The goods or services must be used or intended for use in the course or furtherance of business. Identify personal or other non-business use and exclude the corresponding portion.
- Receipt: Confirm that the goods or services were actually received. Where goods arrive in lots or instalments, entitlement is tied to receipt of the final lot.
- Valid document: Hold the tax invoice, debit note, or other document prescribed for the transaction.
- Restrictions: Check section 17’s blocked-credit categories and any applicable exception. For inputs used partly for exempt supplies or non-business purposes, apportion the credit and claim only the eligible share.
The governing conditions and exclusions appear in the CBIC compilation of the CGST Act. The applicable result can depend on the transaction, registration, tax period, state, and current notifications.
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Use this monthly ITC checklist
- Collect and validate the purchase document. Check supplier and recipient names and GSTINs, document number and date, description, taxable value, tax charged, and place of supply where relevant. Match the document to evidence of receipt, such as a delivery record or service completion documentation.
- Classify the purchase. Record whether it is wholly for business, mixed-use, or connected to exempt supplies. Identify blocked credit and any exception before calculating the claim.
- Reconcile books and purchase records to GSTR-2B. Match supplier GSTIN, invoice number and date, taxable amount and tax, and place of supply where applicable. Investigate missing, amended, duplicate, and credit-note entries.
- Resolve discrepancies. You cannot edit GSTR-2B. If a supplier’s reporting is missing or incorrect, ask the supplier to correct it and review the relevant later statement. Keep a note of the discrepancy and its resolution.
- Check for duplicate claims and adjustments. Confirm that an invoice has not already been claimed. Account for credit notes, amendments, and any reversal required under the Act or rules.
- Review reverse-charge transactions separately. Check the reverse-charge tax liability and its payment. The way such a supply appears in the statement does not remove the recipient’s obligation to account for tax payable under reverse charge.
- Track supplier payments. For purchases covered by the payment condition, check whether the value plus tax was paid to the supplier within 180 days from the invoice date. If not, apply the prescribed reversal and interest treatment; credit may be re-availed after payment as prescribed. The condition excludes supplies on which tax is payable under reverse charge.
- Monitor the claim deadline. Check the statutory cutoff for the invoice or debit note’s financial year, including whether the relevant annual return was filed earlier. Review historic periods separately where transitional relief or amendments may apply.
- Review GSTR-3B before filing. Compare auto-populated values with the reconciled records, report eligible ITC and required reversals in the appropriate tables, and review reverse-charge liability. The portal permits edits to auto-populated values; retain support for adjustments.
- Keep an audit trail. Store the source document, receipt evidence, supplier follow-up, reconciliation result, eligibility decision, payment status, and return treatment together so the claim can be reconstructed later.
Reconcile GSTR-2B without treating it as approval
GSTR-2B is an auto-drafted, read-only statement built from information reported by suppliers and other sources, including input service distributors and import-related data. It is intended to inform the GSTR-3B review; the recipient does not file or edit GSTR-2B. The GST Portal explains its contents and limitations in its returns FAQ and guidance.
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A document appearing as available does not cure a failure of another statutory condition, such as business use, receipt, or a blocked-credit rule. Conversely, a missing entry or a “not available” indicator needs interpretation under the law and facts. The statement identifies specified situations, including section 16(4) time-barred documents and certain place-of-supply cases, but may not surface every legal reason credit is unavailable. Self-assess eligibility and make reversals when required.
For a missing or inaccurate invoice, compare your records with the statement, contact the supplier with the exact document details, and check the later statement after the supplier reports or corrects the transaction. Ordinary supplier GSTR-1 filing dates are the 11th of the succeeding month for monthly filers and the 13th after quarter-end for quarterly filers; government extensions or changes can affect those dates. They are supplier filing dates, not your ITC claim deadline. Refer to the GST Portal’s GSTR-1 guidance for current information.
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Know the two key time limits
Payment to supplier: 180 days
For covered purchases, if you do not pay the supplier the value plus tax within 180 days from the invoice date, the rules require reversal or output-liability treatment and interest. Once payment is made, the credit can be re-availed in accordance with the rules. This payment condition does not apply to supplies on which tax is payable under reverse charge. See the CBIC CGST Rules and the relevant CGST Act provisions.
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The general section 16(4) wording reflected in CBIC Circular 237/31/2024-GST bars taking credit after 30 November following the financial year to which the invoice or debit note pertains, or furnishing the relevant annual return, whichever occurs first. This is not the older general September cutoff found in outdated guidance. The circular discusses retrospective relief for specified cases, so historic-period claims and exceptions need individual review. Consult CBIC Circular 237/31/2024-GST alongside the applicable law.
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What to retain for each claim
Keep a compact file or linked record for each purchase that supports the decision from source to return. At minimum, retain:
- The prescribed invoice, debit note, or other tax document.
- Evidence that the goods or services were received, including final-lot receipt where goods came in instalments.
- The GSTR-2B comparison and any supplier correction request or follow-up.
- Your business-use, blocked-credit, and exempt-supply apportionment assessment.
- Payment status against the 180-day condition, where applicable.
- The calculation of eligible credit, reversals, and the GSTR-3B reporting treatment.
This checklist describes the general Indian CGST framework, not a determination for a particular taxpayer. Check amendments, notifications, state-specific issues, and transaction facts when they affect eligibility.
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