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Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesFind Drivers →Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →Ethereum’s Glamsterdam upgrade activated on the Sepolia testnet on October 6, 2026. Early blocks were produced with a gas limit near 200 million, up from about 60 million—but a CoinDesk sample found those blocks used only 52 million to 92 million gas each. That is evidence of a higher configured testnet limit, not proof of sustained full-capacity performance or a mainnet change.
What changed after Glamsterdam activated?
Glamsterdam combines the Amsterdam execution-layer upgrade with the Gloas consensus-layer upgrade. The Ethereum Foundation identifies enshrined proposer-builder separation (ePBS) and block-level access lists (BALs) as headline changes, alongside revisions to gas pricing and accounting. The Foundation’s Sepolia announcement set activation for October 6, 2026, at 13:53:36 UTC.
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Proposer-builder separation moves into the protocol
Under EIP-7732, ePBS formalizes builder commitments and reveals, handles proposer payment in-protocol, and separates consensus validation from execution validation. The Foundation says this separation gives validators more time to validate execution payloads. These are protocol mechanisms intended to support the upgrade’s design; they do not by themselves demonstrate a particular throughput result.
Block-level access lists expose state access
EIP-7928’s block-level access lists record accounts and storage locations accessed during a block, along with post-transaction state changes. The Foundation says this information can help clients read state from disk and validate transactions in parallel, and compute state roots more efficiently.
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Gas costs and accounting also change
EIP-8037 separately meters state-creation costs, while EIP-8038 updates state-access costs. Other changes affect intrinsic transaction gas, calldata, access lists, and block accounting. The stated aim is to align gas accounting more closely with resource use and long-term state growth. These changes also mean a block’s gas budget cannot be translated directly into a fixed number of transactions.
How much gas did the early Sepolia blocks use?
CoinDesk reported on October 8 that early post-upgrade Sepolia blocks were being produced with a limit near 200 million gas, compared with about 60 million before activation. Its review of more than 25 consecutive blocks found actual usage of roughly 52 million to 92 million gas per block—about 26% to 46% of the available allowance. None of the sampled blocks came close to using the full limit. CoinDesk’s report describes an observed sample, not a protocol benchmark or a prolonged stress test.
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The distinction matters: a block gas limit is the maximum capacity available under the configured limit, not the amount each block must consume. The sample establishes that Sepolia used a higher limit after the upgrade while its early blocks remained well below that ceiling.
Does a 200 million gas limit mean three times as many transactions?
No. The increase from about 60 million to near 200 million is a comparison of configured gas limits, not transaction counts. Glamsterdam also changes how much gas particular tasks consume, so the same gas budget may accommodate different work under the revised schedule. The observed limit therefore does not mechanically imply three times as many transactions per block, and the early sample does not establish sustained throughput under heavy demand.
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What do the early measurements establish—and what remains open?
Before the testnet activation, the Ethereum Foundation’s May 2, 2026 Soldøgn Interop recap said contributors had aligned on a post-Glamsterdam gas-limit floor of 200 million as part of ongoing implementation and benchmarking work. Ethereum.org’s August 6 roadmap described a 150 million reference block gas limit being used to derive state pricing, and a 200 million floor enabled by Glamsterdam. Those figures describe development plans and reference settings, not measurements of Sepolia usage. Tim Beiko’s Foundation recap and ethereum.org’s roadmap provide that context.
Separately, CoinDesk reported that all 32 scheduled blocks were proposed during a six-minute voting period and that 99.97% of eligible testnet stake voted toward finality, citing the ethPandaOps explorer. Those figures describe that short observation window; they are not evidence of long-term reliability or of performance under sustained, saturated load.
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Sepolia is a testnet, not Ethereum mainnet. In its September 28 announcement, the Foundation said Hoodi and mainnet activation dates had not yet been decided. Ethereum.org listed Q4 2026 as an expected mainnet window, but no confirmed activation date or actual mainnet gas limit is established by these sources.
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The Foundation’s August 24, 2026 repricing guide says replaying historical mainnet transactions left the large majority unaffected, but some contracts rely on gas assumptions that can change behavior under the new schedule. The guide and gas documentation describe the affected patterns and recommended checks.
For smart-contract maintainers
- Review contracts using fixed gas stipends, including Solidity
transferorsendcalls that rely on 2,300 gas. - Check hardcoded call-gas values, branches based on
gasleft(), and presigned transactions with fixed gas limits. - Use the Foundation guide’s affected-contracts tool, raise supplied gas limits where that resolves failures, and test potentially affected paths on the Glamsterdam devnet.
For wallet, RPC, and node-tooling developers
Update gas estimation so cached gas constants do not underestimate costs under the revised schedule. The Foundation says regular users need take no action when using updated wallets and infrastructure.
For Sepolia node operators
The Foundation’s deployment announcement says operators need compatible execution- and consensus-layer clients. It also notes that some validator configurations default to a 60 million gas limit after activation; proposing at a 200 million limit requires setting that value explicitly. Because client releases and configuration details can change, operators should follow the current instructions in the live Foundation announcement.
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