“Virtual table game” describes how a casino table game reaches a player—not one specific technology. A round may be decided by a software random number generator (RNG), by physical cards or a roulette wheel shown on a live video stream, or by a live dealer whose results are sent to electronic player terminals. The key distinction is between what produces the result, what the player sees, and how the game records and settles wagers.
Three different systems can sit behind a virtual table game
Blackjack, roulette and baccarat can be presented online or electronically in several ways. The label “virtual” alone does not tell you whether software or physical equipment determines a result. Look at the outcome source and the player interface separately.
Software RNG game
In an RNG-driven game, software generates random values and maps them to outcomes under the game’s rules. For example, the interface may show a dealt hand or a simulated roulette spin, but the result is produced by software rather than by a physical dealer performing that round.
The UK Gambling Commission’s RTS 7 standard requires outcomes to be acceptably random and unpredictable, and requires them to be mapped fairly to game results. It also prohibits compensated or adaptive behavior that changes outcome probabilities during play.
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Live dealer video
In a live dealer game, a person uses physical equipment—such as cards or a roulette wheel—to determine the result. Cameras show the table, and the provider’s app or website carries the play to remote participants. A Michigan Gaming Control Board announcement described players using a computer or mobile device to play typical casino games with a real-time live dealer, with cameras capturing the dealer and play for remote players.
The video is the player-facing view of a physical process; it is not itself an RNG. Nor does seeing a video feed, by itself, establish that the equipment, access or procedures are fair. Those controls are a separate part of oversight.
Hybrid or electronic table
A hybrid table combines a live physical game at a dealer station with individual electronic terminals where players place wagers and view results. The Missouri Gaming Commission describes approved hybrid table games in which terminals show results and automatically reconcile wagers. This differs both from an RNG-only game and from a conventional live video table where the remote player interacts through the streamed game interface.
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How the formats compare
| Format | What produces the result | What the player uses or sees | Relevant controls in the cited sources |
|---|---|---|---|
| RNG software game | Software-generated random values mapped to the game’s rules and probabilities. | A game client or app presents the game and its result. | Randomness, unpredictability, correct outcome mapping, and monitoring of software integrity; see the UK Gambling Commission’s RTS 7 and New Zealand’s online casino minimum standards. |
| Live dealer video | Physical equipment operated by a human dealer, such as cards or a roulette wheel. | A live stream in an app or on a website. | New Zealand’s standards address commercial-casino-quality equipment, access controls and video surveillance to record dealer activity; the UK Gambling Commission also discusses physical-device integrity and monitoring. See the New Zealand standards and UK guidance on live return-to-player monitoring. |
| Hybrid/electronic table | A live dealer at a physical station determines the result. | Players use individual electronic terminals; the Missouri source says these show results and automatically reconcile wagers. | The Missouri Gaming Commission’s approved hybrid-game information describes terminal functions; requirements depend on the jurisdiction and approved game. |
These sources do not establish comparable figures for latency, operating costs or stream performance, so those dimensions cannot be ranked from this information.
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What fairness means for an RNG game
Random does not mean that a particular player must win or lose at a predictable frequency. It means the process should not let the operator or software choose outcomes opportunistically, and the outcome distribution should follow the game’s stated probabilities over time.
New Zealand’s minimum standards for online casino gambling specify cryptographically secure software pseudo-random number generators and integrity monitoring. They also require robust seeding and fair mapping from generated values to game outcomes. If an RNG anomaly, degradation or failure is detected, the affected game must be deactivated immediately.
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For a simulated physical device, the same standards require its theoretical probabilities to match those of the real device. They also require the stated rules to govern results and make game rules, odds and theoretical return to player (RTP) accessible to customers. RTP is a theoretical measure over play, not a promise about an individual session.
What to look for in a live or hybrid game
With a live game, fairness depends on more than the stream. The physical equipment, who can access it, and how dealer activity is monitored matter too. New Zealand’s standards call for commercial-casino-quality equipment, access controls and controls such as video surveillance to record dealer activity. The UK Gambling Commission’s guidance separately treats physical-device integrity and monitoring as relevant to live dealer games.
For a hybrid game, the physical dealer’s result and the terminal’s handling of wagers are distinct parts of the experience. The Missouri Gaming Commission says approved terminals display results and automatically reconcile wagers. That describes the terminal role, not a universal technical design for every hybrid game.
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Customers should be able to find the game’s rules, odds and payout information where applicable. A video feed may help show what happened at the table, but it is not proof on its own that the full process is controlled or fair.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Why the platform’s view and records are separate from the outcome
The outcome source, the player-facing presentation and the platform’s handling of a wager are related but not identical. An RNG game can display a software-generated result in a graphical client; a live game can show physical play in a stream; and a hybrid terminal can display a dealer-determined result and reconcile wagers. In each case, the displayed experience is how the result is communicated, while the applicable game rules and controls govern how the result and wager are handled.
This distinction is useful when comparing games or investigating a discrepancy: first identify whether the result came from software or physical equipment, then identify what the interface showed and what the game’s stated rules say about wagers and payouts. The cited sources do not specify a universal record format or a single platform architecture, so those details should not be assumed to be the same across providers.
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Rules and approvals depend on jurisdiction
The UK, New Zealand, Michigan and Missouri materials cited here illustrate different regulatory approaches; they are not a universal rulebook. The Michigan Gaming Control Board announcement about authorizing a live dealer provider was published on July 21, 2021, and describes that state’s process at that time—not legality or availability elsewhere.
New Zealand’s casino table-game rules index lists game-specific rules and update dates, and warns that its consolidated texts do not replace the official Gazette rules. Check the regulator and current approved rules for the market where a game is offered; an approval in one jurisdiction does not establish approval in another.
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